Evaluasi Potensi dan Kinerja Teknis Sistem PLTMH Kaskade di Desa Blado Wetan

Andrik Sunyoto; Imam Marzuki; Muhammad Nabil Haq; Sudik Budi Prabowo; Bagas Wahyu Dimas Pratama; Khafidz Zainal Arifin; Ridho Ilyasin; Muchammad Hafid; Malik Subarka; Muhammad Fathur Rozaq; Ahmad Izzuddin; Hartawan Abdillah; Mas Ahmad Baihaqi; Hermin Arista; Ary Analisa Rahma; Nanang Hermawan

doi:10.36526/tekiba.v6i3.9554

Authors

Andrik Sunyoto Universitas Panca Marga
Imam Marzuki Universitas Panca Marga
Muhammad Nabil Haq Universitas Panca Marga
Sudik Budi Prabowo Universitas Panca Marga
Bagas Wahyu Dimas Pratama
Khafidz Zainal Arifin Universitas Panca Marga
Ridho Ilyasin Universitas Panca Marga
Muchammad Hafid Universitas Panca Marga
Malik Subarka Universitas Panca Marga
Muhammad Fathur Rozaq Universitas Panca Marga
Ahmad Izzuddin Universitas Panca Marga
Hartawan Abdillah Universitas Panca Marga
Mas Ahmad Baihaqi Universitas Panca Marga
Hermin Arista Universitas Panca Marga
Ary Analisa Rahma Universitas Panca Marga
Nanang Hermawan Universitas Panca Marga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36526/tekiba.v6i3.9554

Keywords:

River Flow Potential, Micro-Hydro, Renewable Energy, Under-Utilized, Energy Conversion Efficiency

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the technical performance and energy potential of river flow utilized by five micro-hydro power plant units with a total installed capacity of fifteen kilowatts arranged in a cascade system in Blado Wetan Village. The primary problem faced by community partners, including a mosque, public street lighting, and a boarding school, is poor electrical power quality, characterized by significant Vage drops and frequency instability. The method applied in this service activity focuses on technical data collection and quantitative analysis, measuring river hydrologic parameters, Vage, current, frequency, and active power across various gate openings and load variations during daily operational hours. The results reveal that the average system generation efficiency is fifty points thirty-eight percent, showing a severe performance disparity due to cascade hydraulic losses between upstream units reaching eighty-four points ninety-five percent efficiency and downstream units dropping to four points eighty-five percent. During peak operational hours, the total active load absorption reaches only two point ninety-one kilowatts or nineteen points forty-three percent of the total nominal capacity, indicating an under-utilized condition caused by self-imposed load restrictions by residents to prevent under-Vage damage. Vage drops range between one hundred sixty-four and one hundred ninety-eight Vs, while frequency drops between thirty-three and forty-two Hz, driven by manual gate controls, uncalibrated mechanical pulley transmission ratios, lack of lubrication maintenance, and absence of protection systems. The main contribution to partners is a set of data-driven technical recommendations, including mechanical pulley ratio recalibration, implementation of automatic load governors, capacitor bank installation, preventive lubrication schedules, and hybrid integration with local wind energy to optimize the remaining twelve point zero eight kilowatts of unutilized capacity.

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