THE DYNAMICS OF THE SAMBAS SULTANATE DURING THE REIGN OF SULTAN MUHAMMAD ALI TSAFIUDDIN (1815–1828)
DINAMIKA KESULTANAN SAMBAS PADA MASA SULTAN MUHAMMAD ALI TSAFIUDDIN (1815–1828)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/santhet.v10i4.7629Keywords:
Sultan Muhammad Ali Tsafiuddin, Prince Anom, Sultanate of SambasAbstract
This study examines the political and social dynamics of the Sambas Sultanate during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Ali Tsafiuddin (1815–1828), focusing on the challenges to sovereignty faced by the sultanate in the early nineteenth century. The research employs the historical method, including topic selection, source collection (heuristics), source criticism (verification), interpretation, and historiographical writing, combined with political and sociological approaches to analyze power relations and regional contexts. The findings show that the sultan’s reign occurred during a period of significant transformation marked by increasing Dutch colonial intervention and internal instability arising from conflicts among Chinese mining kongsis. These pressures gradually weakened the authority of the sultanate and limited the effectiveness of traditional governance. In response, Sultan Muhammad Ali Tsafiuddin pursued strategic measures aimed at maintaining political stability while adapting to shifting regional power structures.This study argues that the erosion of the Sambas Sultanate’s sovereignty resulted not only from colonial expansion but also from internal socio-economic dynamics. The research thus contributes to the historiography of West Kalimantan by highlighting the complex interactions between local authority, economic communities, and colonial power in the nineteenth century.
References
ANRI. (Borneo Westerafdeeling No.1). Laporan Umum mengenai Residensi Sambas tahun 1823.
ANRI. (Borneo Westerafdeeling No.255). Kontrak-kontrak dengan Borneo Barat tahun 1816.
ANRI. (Borneo Westerafdeeling No.300). Ringkasan surat keterangan Provivioneele Fingeerende Residen Sambas tahun 1823.
Atsushi, O. (2010). “Pirates Or Entrepreneurs?” The Migration And Trade Of Sea People In Southwest Kalimantan, C. 1770-1820. Trans-Regional Indonesia over One Thousand, 90, 67–95. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20798233
Baihaqi, A. F., Bryna, R. S., Ramadhan, F. S., & Panditra, A. M. (2025). Sengketa Maritim Di Kalimantan Barat: Dinamika Kesultanan, Kekuatan Eropa, Dan Aliansi Bajak Laut Tahun 1811-1850. PURBAWIDYA, 14(2), 363–379. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55981/purbawidya.2025.12272
Crawfurd, J. (1820). History of the Indian Archipelago: Containing an Account of the Manners, Arts, Languages, Religions, Institutions, and Commerce of Its Inhabitants, Volume 3. Archibald Constable And Co.
De Keyser, J. P. (1876). Neêrlands Bibliotheek: Oorspronkelyke Romans, Schetsen En Novellen Van Hedendaagsche Auteurs. Volume 10.
Fahmi, U. R. (2004). Kajian Silsilah Keturunan Raja-Raja Sambas. Istana Alwatzikhoebillah Sambas.
Francis, E. A. (1856). Herinneringen Uit Den Levensloop Van Een Indisch’ Ambtenaar Van 1815 Tot 1851: Medegedeeld In Brieven. Volume 1. H. M. Van Dorp.
Garraghan, G. J. (1946). A Guide To Historical Method. Fordham University Press.
Hamilton, W. (1828). The East-India Gazetteer. Wm. H. Allen & Co.
Heidhues, M. S. (2008). Penambang Emas, Petani, Dan Pedagang Di “Distrik Tionghoa” Kalimantan Barat. Yayasan Nabil.
Ismail, M. G. (1994). Trade and State Power: Sambas (West Borneo) in the Early Nineteenth Century. In G. J. Schutte (Ed.), State and Trade in the Indonesian Archipelago. Brill.
Kuntowijoyo. (2001). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yayasan Bentang Budaya.
Lapian, A. B. (2009). Orang Laut-Bajak Laut-Raja Laut: Sejarah Kawasan Laut Sulawesi Abad XIX. Komunitas Bambu.
Lontaan, J. U. (1975). Sejarah-Hukum Adat Dan Adat Istiadat Kalimantan-Barat. Pemda Tingkat I KalBar.
Macdonald, D. (1840). A Narrative Of The Early Life And Services Of Captain D. Macdonald, I. N.: Embracing An Unbroken Period Of Twenty-Two Years: Extracted From His Journal, And Other Official Documents (3 ed.). Benson And Barling.
Officieel Gedeelte. (1828, Oktober 11). Javasche Courant.
Rahman, A., Achmad, Y., Anom, R. F. M. P., Muhadi, & Fahadi. (2001). Kabupaten Sambas: Sejarah Kesultanan Dan Pemerintah Daerah. Dinas Pariwisata Pemda Kabupaten Sambas.
Ritter, W. L. (1861). Nacht En Morgen Uit Het Indische Leven. Volume 2. J. C. Van Kesteren & Zoon.
Tobias, J. H. (1828). Maccasar. De Nederlandsche Hermes. Volume 5, 3–99.
Van Doren, J. B. J. (1865). De Terugkomst Der Nederlanders, En De Uitbreiding Van Hun Gezag, Op Het Eiland Borneo: Ter Nagedachtenis Van Den Baron Van De Capellen, In Leven Gouverneur Generaal Over Nederlandsch-Indië. J. D. Sybrandi.
Van Sandick, L. H. W. (1909). Chineezen Buiten China. M. Van Der Beek’s Hofboekiiandel.
Veth, P. J. (2017a). Borneo Bagian Barat: Geografis, Statistis, Historis (2 ed.). Institut Dayakologi.
Veth, P. J. (2017b). Borneo Bagian Barat: Geografis, Statistis, Historis (1 ed.). Institut Dayakologi.
