Santhet (Jurnal Sejarah Pendidikan Dan Humaniora)
Jurnal Santhet (e-ISSN: 2541-6130 Cetak ISSN 2541-2523) diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, dan terbit enam kali setahun pada bulan Februari, April, Juni, Agustus, Oktober, dan Desember mulai tahun 2025. Sebelumnya, terbit dua kali setahun. Jurnal Santhet mencakup semua bidang dan periode dalam Pendidikan, Pendidikan Sejarah, Sejarah Indonesia, dan Humaniora, membahas semua aspek sejarah, termasuk ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan politik. Semua pendekatan sejarah juga diterima. Jurnal ini menerima berbagai format, termasuk artikel dari forum ilmiah, esai ulasan, dan edisi khusus. Editor juga menerima ulasan buku untuk dipublikasikan di bagian khusus publikasi. Artikel dapat ditulis untuk diserahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Terindeks oleh Google Scolar. Jurnal Santhet (e-ISSN: 2541-6130 Print ISSN 2541-2523) is published by the History Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, and is published six times a year in February, April, June, August, October, and December starting in 2025. Previously, it was published twice a year. Jurnal Santhet covers all fields and periods in Education, History Education, Indonesian History, and Humanities, discussing all aspects of history, including economics, social, culture, and politics. All historical approaches are also welcomed. The journal accepts various formats, including articles from scientific forums, review essays, and special issues. The editor also accepts book reviews for publication in a special section of the publication. The articles can be written to be submitted in Indonesian and English. Indexed by Google Scolar.
Proram studi pendidikan Sejarah Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi
CRITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING LOADING AND UNLOADING PERFORMANCE AT PORT TERMINALS
Ports play a strategic role in global trade as key gateways in international supply chain flows, yet they often become bottlenecks when operational capacity fails to meet increasing cargo volumes. This study investigates the critical factors influencing cargo handling performance at port terminals using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach to synthesize findings from reputable scholarly databases published between 2015 and 2024. The review identifies four dominant determinants: infrastructure and equipment, human resources (HR) capability, information technology adoption, and operational management systems. Results show that ports with adequate quay cranes, sufficient berth capacity, and compatible water depth achieve higher Box per Hour (BPH) and Ton per Hour (TPH) productivity. HR competency, particularly among stevedores, also strongly influences operational speed and safety, highlighting the importance of upskilling and technology-oriented training. Furthermore, integrated Terminal Operating Systems (TOS), digital documentation, and real-time tracking significantly reduce waiting times and administrative errors, although digitalization gaps remain evident in developing countries. Effective operational management—such as vessel scheduling, queue control, and safety governance—further enhances overall productivity and reduces turnaround time. The findings reveal strong interdependence among all four factors, confirming that cargo handling performance is system-dependent rather than isolated. Research gaps emerge in the areas of behavioral HR studies, multi-agency collaborative governance, and the integration of data analytics into port operations. This study provides a comprehensive framework to guide policymakers and port operators in formulating holistic strategies to improve terminal efficiency and strengthen national logistics competitiveness.
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TEACHERS READINESS AND CHALLENGES IN INTEGRATING DIGITAL-ERA HISTORY LEARNING RESOURCES IN SENIOR HIGH SCHOOLS IN PALEMBANG
This study aims to analyze the readiness and challenges of teachers in integrating local history materials as a source of learning history in the digital era in Palembang High Schools. Qualitative research methods with case study strategies, data collection includes in-depth interviews with history teachers, observations, questionnaires and analysis of curriculum documents. This approach allows for a comprehensive exploration of teachers' experiences, perceptions, and practices in integrating digital learning resources into history learning. Initial findings indicate that despite awareness of the potential of digital learning resources, teachers face various challenges in their implementation. Factors such as limited infrastructure, lack of adequate training, and limited understanding of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) are the main obstacles. In addition, this study also revealed a gap between teacher readiness and the demands of digital transformation in education. The implications of this study include the need for more targeted professional development programs to improve teachers' digital competence, improvements in technology infrastructure in schools, and curriculum adjustments that accommodate the integration of digital learning resources. The importance of institutional support in facilitating the transition to more interactive and technology-based history learning. In conclusion, despite significant challenges, the integration of digital learning resources in history learning in Palembang High Schools has great potential to improve the quality of education..
The Effect of Using Tirtayasa the Sultan of Banten Film Media on Historical Awareness of Grade X SMK Darma Nusantara
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan pengaruh penggunaan media film Tirtayasa The Sultan of Banten terhadap kesadaran sejarah siswa kelas X di SMK Darma Nusantara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kuantitatif dengan jenis quasi eksperimen dengan menggunakan desain nonequivalent control group design. Penelitian dilakukan di kelas X-TKJ yang berjumlah 31 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen dan X-Pelayanan Kesehatan yang berjumlah 14 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 8 Mei – 16 Mei 2025. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media film Tirtayasa The Sultan of Banten terhadap kesadaran sejarah siswa kelas X SMK Darma Nusantara. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan SPSS 30 dengan perhitungan independent sample t-test, diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 5,893 ≠ t tabel sebesar 1,681 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,05, dan nilai Sig. (2-tailed) 0,001 < 0,05, maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. (2) Kesadaran sejarah peserta didik yang menggunakan media film Tirtayasa Sultan Banten lebih tinggi daripada peserta didik yang menggunakan media pembelajaran video pendek. Rata-rata nilai posttest kelas kontrol sebesar 87,64 dan kelas eksperimen sebesar 103,55. Menunjukkan bahwa kelas eksperimen memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Media film Tirtayasa Sultan Banten dapat menjadi alternatif dan sebagai acuan penggunaan media pembelajaran dalam proses pembelajaran sejarah untuk mengukur kesadaran sejarah peserta didik.
ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' CREATIVE THINKING ABILITIES USING MIND MAPPING LEARNING METHOD IN HISTORY SUBJECT AT SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
This research aims to understand students' how capability to generate creative ideas through the use of mind mapping method compares to conventional method. The research is aiamed at achieving specific objecktives, as follows: 1) To know the planning in history learning using the mind mapping method, 2) To understand the implementation of mind mapping techniques in history lessons, 3) To assess the outcomes of the mind mapping technique during the history learning process. The present research method uses a qualitative approach which results in descriptive information in the form of communication in the form of speech or text from individuals or behaviors that are observable. Based on the findings of the study, implementation of the mind mapping techniques has been proven to effectively support students' creative thinking skills, as well as making the learning process more active and less monotonous compared to conventional teaching methods. Additionally, the he implementation of mind mapping witten history education has a positive impact and has theability to significantly encouraging the improvement of learners creative thinking skills.
ISLAM AND DEMOCRACY: A STUDY OF THE COMPATIBILITY OF ISLAMIC POLITICAL THOUGHT WITH THE PRINCIPLES OF MODERN DEMOCRACY
Islam has had a political tradition that emphasizes deliberation (shura), justice, equality, and the responsibility of leaders to the people, making it interesting to study in relation to modern democracy. This study aims to analyze the compatibility of Islamic political thought with the principles of modern democracy. The research method used is a literature study with a descriptive-analytical and comparative approach to primary and secondary sources. The results show that despite fundamental differences, particularly in the concept of God's sovereignty in Islam and the sovereignty of the people in democracy, there is common ground through the reinterpretation of Islamic values, so that Islam and democracy can complement each other in building a just, participatory, and civilized political system.
DEVELOPMENT OF COMIC-BASED LEARNING MEDIA ON INDONESIAN HISTORY MATERIALS DURING THE NATIONAL MOVEMENT PERIOD TO IMPROVE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF GRADE XI STUDENTS OF RIAU OIL AND GAS TECHNOLOGY VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
This study aims to develop comic-based learning media for the Indonesian History material during the National Movement Period to increase the learning motivation of grade XI students of SMK Migas Teknologi Riau. The background of this study is based on the low learning motivation of students caused by the use of monotonous learning media, such as printed books with minimal visuals. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. The results of media validation by material experts obtained a score of 90% and by media experts 90%, both in the very good category. A small group trial with 7 students showed a strongly agree score of 81%, categorized as adequate, while a large group trial with 20 students obtained a score of 88%, categorized as very adequate. Furthermore, there was an increase in the percentage of learning motivation scores between the small group from 80% to 84%, while the large group from 71% to 82% after using comic media. These results indicate that comic media is effective in increasing student learning motivation in history learning. The novelty of this research lies in the contextual integration of comic visual media into national history material, a practice never before implemented in this school. This medium not only captures students' attention but also makes learning more meaningful and enjoyable.
Pancasila as a Philosophical System: Pancasila as a Solution of Current Issues
This paper examines Pancasila as a philosophical system that provides solutions to current problems. Recently, numerous issues have arisen in Indonesia, such as issues related to ethnicity, religion, race, and intergroup relations (SARA), the high rate of corruption in Indonesia, and the decline in youth morals. The research method used in this research uses a qualitative approach with a literature study method (library research) by collecting sources or information based on secondary sources in the form of literature reviews or secondary sources obtained from books, journal articles, scientific proceedings, and other academic writing. The main focus of this research is to analyze Pancasila as a solution to actual problems based on an in-depth study of Pancasila as a philosophical system. The analysis is carried out by examining actual problems in Indonesia by linking them through a study of the contents and structure of the Pancasila principles within the framework of ontology, epistemology, and axiology. The results obtained are that in resolving all existing problems, it must be returned to Pancasila as the basis of state philosophy, Pancasila must be internalized and implemented in every aspect of life. Pancasila as a philosophical system is essentially a system of knowledge in everyday life. Pancasila is used as a guideline for the Indonesian nation as a basis for humans to solve a problem with an ontological, epistemological and axiological basis
ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF KODIM 1309/MANADO IN STRENGTHING GOVERNMENT TO DEAL WITH FLOODING IN MANADO CITY
This study aims to analyze the role of Kodim 1309/Manado in strengthening the capacity of the Manado City Government for flood management. Manado City faces high flood risks due to its hilly topography, the presence of the Tondano River, and intense rainfall. Kodim 1309/Manado, as part of the Indonesian National Army, holds a strategic role in supporting mitigation, emergency response, public education, and post-disaster recovery as part of Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW). However, its effectiveness is often constrained by limited trained human resources, inadequate mastery of modern technologies such as drones and insufficient operational budgets. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach to explore the role of Kodim in greater depth. The findings reveal that Kodim excels in personnel and logistics mobilization but requires improvements in technology adoption and cross-sector collaboration. Through SWOT analysis, this study formulates strategies to optimize Kodim’s role, including leveraging modern technology, developing human resource capacity, strengthening synergy with government agencies and communities, and adopting green infrastructure for sustainable flood mitigation. The results of this study are expected to provide a foundation for enhancing Kodim’s role in addressing future flood challenges. By implementing technology-based strategies, cross-sector collaboration, and community empowerment, Kodim 1309/Manado can serve as a model for more effective and efficient disaster management.
THE HISTORY OF THE TRADITIONAL JONGGAN DANCE IN THE DAYAK KANAYATN COMMUNITY OF WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE FROM 1998 - 2025
This research discusses the history of Jonggan traditional dance in the Dayak Kanayatn community, West Kalimantan, from 1998 to 2025. The research objectives include understanding the dynamics, socio-cultural roles, and relevance of Jonggan dance to education in that time span. The research uses historical method with four stages: source collection (heuristics), source criticism (verification), interpretation, and writing (historiography). The results showed that Jonggan dance experienced significant changes due to technological advances and the influence of foreign cultures. Its popularity has decreased because the younger generation is less concerned about preserving it, causing a decrease in value in society. The meaning of the dance also shifted from sacred rituals and cultural identity to commercial performances that lost symbolic and spiritual contexts. Sacred elements, such as social satire verses are now diminishing due to excessive commercialization. The change in values occurred because indigenous people began to adjust to modern entertainment, such as local bands and DJs that are more attractive to the younger generation. As a result, Jonggan dance is considered boring and has lost its appeal. The regeneration crisis of Jonggan dance is getting worse due to the lack of support from the government and educational institutions. This shows that without serious preservation efforts, traditional dances such as Jonggan can become extinct and lose their place in the socio-cultural life of the Dayak Kanayatn community.
Student Resilience in Response to Local Government Policies During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Al Ma’ruf Private Islamic Senior High School, Denpasar
This study examines student resilience at MAS Al Ma'ruf Denpasar in response to Denpasar City Government's online learning policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with students, teachers, and policymakers, the research identifies patterns of student adaptation to distance learning challenges. The descriptive qualitative methodology incorporates data collected via observation, in-depth interviews with stakeholders, and literature review. Conducted at MAS Al Ma'ruf Denpasar, the study utilizes purposive sampling for informant selection. Inductive data analysis reveals student adaptation strategies to technological limitations and academic workload. Key findings demonstrate that while initial resistance emerged due to technological constraints, excessive assignments, and limited social interaction, students progressively developed resilience through technological adaptation, self-regulated time management, and social support utilization. Critical resilience-enabling factors include: (1) systemic school support through teacher training and infrastructure provision; (2) participatory communication among school, student, and parent networks; and (3) curriculum-integrated adaptation values. Theoretical analysis through Foucault and Bourdieu's lenses reveals student resilience as both a response to power relations in educational policy and an outcome of negotiation between student habitus and available socio-economic capital. Policy implications emphasize three requirements for inclusive education: (1) flexible learning methods based on student realities; (2) equitable digital infrastructure strengthening; and (3) sustainable feedback mechanisms for active student participation in decision-making. These findings enrich crisis education discourse by proposing a school-community based resilience model adaptable to other emergency contexts.
THE USE OF THE PICTURE AND PICTURE LEARNING MODEL BASED ON JIGSAW PUZZLES TO IMPROVE LEARNING MOTIVATION IN HISTORY LEARNING IN GRADE X SMAN 1 PERANAP
History learning at SMAN 1 Peranap is still dominated by lecture methods, resulting in low student learning motivation reflected in their minimal participation and attention. This condition encourages the need for the implementation of interactive and visual learning models. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Picture and Picture model based on Jigsaw Puzzle in increasing the learning motivation of class X students through the Classroom Action Research (CAR) approach of the Kemmis and Mc Taggart model. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations, then analyzed descriptively quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the study showed an increase in learning motivation from an average of 62.9 in cycle I to 78.72 in cycle II, so it can be concluded that this model is effective in increasing student learning motivation in history learning.
THE ROLE OF COMMUNITIES IN STRENGTHENING THE STARTUP ECOSYSTEM AND ENCOURAGING ENTREPRENEURIAL GROWTH IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY ERA
Despite the growing importance of startup communities in the digital economy, existing studies largely emphasize structural and policy-driven factors while underexploring the community-based mechanisms that sustain entrepreneurial growth. Addressing this gap, this study examines how startup communities strengthen the digital startup ecosystem and contribute to entrepreneurial development in Indonesia. Using a qualitative exploratory case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis across multiple startup communities. The findings demonstrate that communities actively enhance founders’ knowledge and capabilities through structured knowledge sharing, mentoring, and skill-development programs, while simultaneously expanding social capital and network access to funding and strategic partners. Moreover, community-based incubation and collaborative support accelerate innovation and product development. This study offers novelty by conceptualizing startup communities as relational and catalytic actors that integrate key ecosystem stakeholders, including government, investors, universities, and startups. Theoretically, it advances ecosystem and entrepreneurship literature by proposing a relational framework that explains community-driven value creation within digital startup ecosystems. Practically, the findings provide actionable insights for policymakers and ecosystem managers to design community-centered strategies that improve startup sustainability and foster inclusive digital entrepreneurial growth.
Progressive Educational Leadership in Strengthening Elementary School Teachers' Pedagogical Competencies (Kepemimpinan Pendidikan Progresif Dalam Menguatkan Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Sekolah Dasar)
Teachers' pedagogical competence is crucial in realizing meaningful learning, but elementary school teachers face many challenges and require the progressive educational leadership of the principal to drive and strengthen it. This research aims to analyze progressive educational leadership in strengthening primary school teachers' pedagogical competence. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study design, conducted at one of the public elementary schools in Kebakkramat District, Karanganyar, with the principal and teachers as subjects. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and document studies. Data was analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data was validated through source and technique triangulation. The research findings indicate that the progressive educational leadership implemented by the principal through the roles of leading learning, developing people, and building collaborative cultures is capable of comprehensively strengthening teachers' pedagogical competence. Teachers become more capable of designing learning according to students' characteristics, implementing effective and adaptive learning, and conducting continuous evaluation, reflection, and follow-up of learning. The progressive educational leadership of school principals plays a strategic role in strengthening the pedagogical competence of elementary school teachers, so it needs to be consistently implemented through reflective supervision, continuous mentoring, and strengthening a collaborative culture in schools.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VIDEO-ASSISTED SIMULATION-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON THE PROCLAMATION OF INDONESIAN INDEPENDENCE MATERIAL
This study examines the application of the video-assisted Simulation-Based Learning (SBL) model to enhance student engagement and understanding of the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. The background of this research is based on the lack of variety in teaching methods used by teachers, which often results in student passivity in the learning process. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach which aims to provide an in-depth description of the process and impact of implementing this learning model. The research was conducted at SMA Negeri 4 Sijunjung with grade XI F2 students in the even semester of the 2024/2025 academic year. In line with the characteristics of qualitative research, data collection was carried out through classroom observation to capture student activities and teacher–student interactions during the implementation of the SBL model, in-depth interviews with the history teacher and several students as key informants to explore their perceptions, experiences, and responses, as well as documentation in the form of photographs, video recordings of learning activities, and supporting documents such as lesson plans (RPP). The results showed that the integration of the SBL model with video media significantly increased student learning motivation, critical thinking skills, and understanding of the historical context. Students were actively involved in role-playing simulations that reconstructed the events of the proclamation of independence, enabling them to connect emotionally and cognitively with the historical event. This research confirms that the combination of SBL and audiovisual media is a contextual and engaging history learning strategy that positively impacts students’ motivation, participation, and comprehension.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLICY ON THE INFLUENCE OF PAPUA PROVINCE'S SPECIAL ALLOWANCE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TNI-AD SOLDIERS/CIVIL SERVANTS IN THE OPERATIONAL AREA
This research examines the influence of the Papua Province Special Allowance on the performance of TNI AD soldiers and civil servants in the operational area. A quantitative approach was used with a questionnaire survey distributed to respondents in Papua Province. Data were analyzed through linear regression and mediation analysis to assess the direct impact and role of mediating variables such as job satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB). The results show that Special Allowances have a significant positive effect (p < 0.05) on performance by increasing motivation, effectiveness and productivity. In addition, the job satisfaction and OCB variables were proven to be significant as mediators, strengthening the relationship between benefits and performance. Based on these findings, the research recommends periodic evaluation of allowance policies, development of more comprehensive welfare programs, and improvement of operational facilities and ongoing training for soldiers and civil servants in strategic operational areas such as Papua.
STRENGTHENING HISTORY EDUCATION IN BUILDING GENERATION Z'S NATIONALISM: A HUMANITIES AND DIGITAL LEARNING PERSPECTIVE
This study aims to analyze the role of humanities-based history education and the effectiveness of digital learning in fostering nationalism and historical awareness among Generation Z in the digital age. The background of this study is based on the need to transform history learning to make it more relevant, interactive, and meaningful for digital natives. The research method used a comparative literature study of various scientific articles, research reports, and empirical studies related to humanistic history learning and digital technology. The analysis was conducted by examining the main findings regarding the humanities perspective, digital learning design, and the relationship between the two in shaping national identity. The results show that the integration of the humanities and digital learning has been proven to increase historical empathy, critical thinking skills, and student engagement through immersive and contextual learning experiences. Furthermore, this approach strengthens Generation Z's nationalism in a reflective, inclusive, and value-based manner, as long as it is supported by competent teachers, ethical content curation, and equitable access to technology.
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Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Social Support Scale Among University Students
Elevated levels of social support are not only instrumental in assisting university students with managing developmental stress but are also closely associated with their psychological well-being. However, within the Indonesian higher education context, the psychometric evaluation, particularly the construct validity and reliability of social support instruments remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess the construct validity and examine the factorial structure of a social support scale among Indonesian undergraduate students. Utilizing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), data from 145 participants were analyzed to evaluate the model fit and factor structure. Initial analysis indicated that, although the hypothesized three-factor model exhibited substantial item loadings, its overall model fit did not meet acceptable thresholds, suggesting a need for refinement. Subsequent CFA of the revised model confirmed an improved fit to the empirical data. Ultimately, only seven items demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in this student population. These results offer valuable implications for improving both assessment practices and the quality of counseling services within university settings.
PROFILE OF PEER INTERACTION IN CLASS XI AT SMAN 9 SIJUNJUNG
This research is motivated by the lack of ability to interact between peers. The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of peer interaction as seen from: 1) Imitation factors. 2) Suggestion factors. 3) Identification factors. 4) The sympathy factor. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study is 103 students. The sample of this study amounted to 103 students. Sampling uses the total sampling technique. The instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire, and analyzed using the percentage technique.
NATURAL DYEING OF WOVEN FABRICS BY THE BADUY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY: A STUDY OF CULTURAL CONSERVATION BEHAVIOR AND MODIFICATION
The purpose of this study is to examine the cultural conservation practices of the Baduy Indigenous people and the changes they make in an attempt to preserve natural Tenun dyes. This study's methodology is qualitative and interdisciplinary, specifically cultural, and incorporates a number of ideas, including cultural conservation, conservation behavior, and adaptation. Interviews, literature reviews, and documentation served as the primary and secondary sources of the research data. According to the study's findings, the Baduy Indigenous group can gain economically and in terms of the preservation of natural biological resources by modifying natural colors. Furthermore, the community that has been successful in identifying plants with high economic potential in the Baduy environment undoubtedly benefits economically, and the benefits of conservation of natural resources include the preservation of a particular species and its habitat, which prevents damage from outside communities and tends to be beneficial and empowering for the Baduy community itself, as well as the sustainability of Baduy culture.
EMPOWERMENT OF THE DIRECTORATE OF ARMY FINANCE AND THE ARMY COMPULSORY HOUSING SAVINGS MANAGEMENT AGENCY AS PILLARS OF SOLDIER WELFARE
This study aims to explain the role of empowering the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency in achieving soldier welfare to support national development. One indicator of soldier welfare is the fulfillment of housing needs, which aligns with national development goals. As integral organizations of the Indonesian Army, the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency are mandated to manage and optimize Compulsory Housing Savings and Home Ownership Loans for soldiers. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. Primary data were collected through observations and interviews with key informants, while secondary data were gathered from relevant documentation and archives. Data collection techniques included observations, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Qualitative data analysis was performed through descriptive presentation to draw conclusions about the studied phenomena. The research subjects include the Chief of Army Staff, Chief of Army Personnel Staff, Director of Army Finance, and Head of the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency.The results indicate that empowering the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency plays a significant role in overcoming obstacles and providing alternative solutions in managing Home Ownership Loans through collaboration with banks and developers, making this empowerment an integral part of national development undertaken by the Indonesian Army. Future opportunities include efforts to develop independent management of Compulsory Housing Savings and Home Ownership Loans, including establishing an internal financial institution. This empowerment is expected to strengthen soldier welfare through personal home ownership, in alignment with national development goals.
EMPOWERMENT OF THE MILITARY IN THE USE OF DRONE DEFENSE EQUIPMENT TO INCREASE READINESS FOR MILITARY OPERATIONS
This Study Analyzes the Role of The Regional Military Command Training Regiment (Rindam) Jaya in The Utilization Of Drone Weapon Systems (Alutsista) To Enhance The Operational Readiness Of The Indonesian Army. With Technological Advancements, Drones Have Become Essential Components in Modern Defense Strategies, Enabling More Effective Surveillance and Strikes on The Battlefield. Rindam Jaya Is Responsible for Training Soldiers in Drone Operation, Maintenance, And Tactical Utilization, Ranging from Micro Uavs for Short-Range Surveillance to High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) Uavs for Strategic National Missions. The Integration of Drones into Military Training Includes Realistic Battlefield Simulations, Preparing Soldiers for Quick Responses in Various Dynamic Scenarios. This Study Employs a Qualitative Approach, Collecting Data Through Interviews and Literature Related to Drone Technology and Military Training. The Findings Show That Rindam Plays a Impotant Role in Ensuring the Technical and Tactical Readiness of Soldiers; However, Challenges Include Limited Training Facilities and The Need for Collaboration With The Defense Industry to Develop Domestic Technology. The Study Concludes That Ongoing Adaptation to Technological Advancements and Comprehensive Training Program Enhancements Are Essential for Rindam to Support the Indonesian Army's Operational Readiness In Facing Future Threats. This Research Aims to Contribute to National Defense Policy and Strengthen Indonesia's Military Readiness.
KAWITAN SITE AS RELIGIOUS EDUCATIONAL TOURISM IN BANYUWANGI REGENCY
The Kawitan Site in Alas Purwo, Banyuwangi Regency, has deep spiritual and historical values and great potential to be developed as a religious educational tourism destination. This study aims to analyze this potential and provide recommendations for development based on local wisdom values. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and document studies. Informants in this study included site managers, Perhutani officers, community leaders, tour guides, and tourists. This study explores the spiritual meaning, local cultural values, and visitor motivations in interacting with the site. To analyze the data, a SWOT analysis was used to identify internal and external factors that influence site management. The IFAS and EFAS matrices were used to systematically assess strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Furthermore, a TOWS analysis was applied to formulate an effective development strategy by utilizing the available potential and opportunities, while addressing existing challenges. The results of the study indicate that the Kawitan Site has strong religious and educational appeal, but still faces obstacles in terms of facilities, promotion, and institutional collaboration. Therefore, synergy is needed between managers, communities, and policy makers to encourage the development of religious educational tourism based on the preservation of local spiritual and cultural values.
Exploring Nietzsche's Philosophical Idea on Nihilism: “The Question of the Essence of Morality in Humanizing Humans”
This article discusses a critical analysis of Friedrich Nietzsche's thought by highlighting the main issues related to the foundations of nihilism and the relevance of two of his central ideas, namely the will to power and the Übermensch, as an effort to overcome the collapse of traditional values. The research uses a qualitative approach with a subjectivism-humanities paradigm through a literature study of Nietzsche's works, especially Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Will to Power, as well as secondary studies from philosophers and historians of thought. The analytical method is carried out through textual hermeneutics to interpret Nietzsche's aphorisms that are unsystematic but full of philosophical meaning. The results of the study show that Nietzsche's nihilism is not merely a rejection of values, but a diagnosis of the crisis of modern culture that has lost its foundation of meaning; in this context, the will to power functions as a creative human drive to overcome old moral determinations, while the Übermensch becomes an ideal concept of humans who are capable of creating values ​​autonomously. These findings confirm that Nietzsche's thought makes a significant contribution to the development of contemporary philosophy through a rereading of values, freedom, and human existence
QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE QUR’AN AND HADITH
The world of education continues to face challenges, including constantly changing curricula, low teacher quality, stagnant teacher welfare, low student competency, and many others. The general causes of the low quality of education in Indonesia include issues of effectiveness, efficiency, and standardization of teaching. Public interest in quality Islamic educational institutions is growing. Reality shows that quality educational institutions are increasingly sought after by the public, even though access to them requires higher costs. The growth of quality Islamic schools is increasing, such as Integrated Islamic Schools, Islamic Boarding Schools, and Islamic Nature Schools. This growth presents an opportunity for Islamic education to grow and attract more public attention, naturally by improving the quality of education and institutions. The increasing public interest in sending their children to Islamic schools or Islamic educational institutions is undoubtedly due to the quality of the schools. Islamic schools or educational institutions must be able to build and maintain quality within their management systems. Improving the quality of educational institutions also needs to be driven by Islamic thought, grounded in the Qur'an and Hadith. Quality management is a crucial aspect in improving the quality of Islamic educational management by implementing Total Quality Management (TQM). Through an in-depth study, the author aims to demonstrate how the Qur'an and Hadith view quality management, or the quality management of Islamic education, within an Islamic educational institution. This study explores how good quality management aligns with the Qur'an and Hadith. Quality management is expected to improve the quality of managerial practices and build a more relevant, adaptive, and meaningful education system for society.
THE IMPACT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ELECTRONIC DOSSIER-BASED PERSONNEL INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND IT INFRASTRUCTURE READINESS IN ENHANCING THE QUALITY OF PERSONNEL SERVICES IN THE INDONESIAN ARMY
Digital transformation in personnel administration management is an urgent need for military institutions such as the Indonesian Army (TNI AD). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Electronic Personnel File Information System Application (SIAP Dosel) in improving the quality of personnel management in Ditajenad and analyze the readiness of Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and human resources (HR) supporting its implementation. The research method used is quantitative, with a survey approach involving 63 respondents from various Army units. The data were analyzed using regression analysis techniques to examine the relationship between the effectiveness of SIAP Dosel, IT infrastructure readiness, and HR readiness on the quality of personnel administration services. The results indicate that the effectiveness of SIAP Dosel, IT infrastructure readiness, and HR readiness positively and significantly affect the improvement of personnel administration service quality. The study concludes that optimizing SIAP Dosel, supported by adequate IT infrastructure and trained HR, can accelerate administrative processes, enhance data accuracy, and facilitate better decision-making within the Indonesian Army.
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF MUSLIM YOUTH TOWARDS CHINESE CULTURE THROUGH THE KIMSIN MAKCO PARADE, SEMBAHYANG REBUTAN, AND BARONGSAI IN SODITAN VILLAGE, LASEM DISTRICT, REMBANG REGENCY
This study aims to understand the dynamics of Muslim adolescents in Soditan Village constructing their views and attitudes toward Chinese cultural practices, particularly the Kirab Kimsin Makco, Sembahyang Rebutan, and Barongsai, through a qualitative phenomenological approach. The analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results show that adolescents' understanding is not singular, but rather formed from direct experience, family dialogue, advice from religious leaders, and historical narratives of cultural figures. Their interactions with Chinese culture are directed. They participate as spectators, volunteers, or supporters of events, but consistently maintain the boundary between social participation and the realm of religious ritual. Ultimately, the resulting social construction reflects a pattern of active tolerance, where religious identity is maintained without creating social distance from the Chinese community. These findings suggest that harmony in Soditan is not a spontaneous outcome, but rather the product of value negotiations between families, religious institutions, and cultural authorities that are continuously reproduced in the daily lives of adolescents.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LDII ORGANIZATION IN PALEMBANG CITY (2001–2022): A SOCIAL-HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
This study analyzes the development of the Indonesian Islamic Propagation Institute (LDII) in Palembang City during the period 2001–2022 from a social history perspective. The study uses a qualitative approach with historical research methods through data collection from interviews, documentation, and observation. The analysis focuses on changes in organizational structure, religious roles, social roles, and economic empowerment. The results show that the development of LDII has been gradual and adaptive. In the period 2001–2005, LDII focused on organizational consolidation and internal development. The period 2006–2015 was marked by the strengthening of structures and the expansion of social roles. Furthermore, in the 2016–2022 period, LDII underwent modernization and digitalization in organizational management, da'wah, and economic empowerment. This study concludes that LDII is able to adapt to social and technological changes and play an active role in the life of the people of Palembang City.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING ON STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY AND LEARNING MOTIVATION AT SMK PRATAMA WIDYA MANDALA BADUNG
Vocational education is required to produce graduates who are creative and possess high learning motivation in order to be well prepared for the world of work. However, low levels of creativity and learning motivation among students remain a persistent problem in many vocational high schools. This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model on the creativity and learning motivation of Grade X students at SMK Pratama Widya Mandala Badung. The research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test procedures. The research sample consisted of 40 students selected through purposive sampling. Creativity was measured based on the Torrance Creative Thinking indicators, while learning motivation was assessed using the framework of the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Data were analyzed using the Paired Sample t-Test and effect size analysis. The results indicate that the implementation of PjBL has a significant effect on improving students’ creativity and learning motivation (p < 0,05), with effect size values ranging from moderate to large. These findings demonstrate that PjBL is an effective instructional model for enhancing the quality of vocational learning. This study recommends the sustained implementation of PjBL and encourages further research in broader educational contexts and at different educational levels.
METHOD OF IMPLEMENTATION OF EMBUNG NGEMPLAK IN TRENGGALEK REGENCY, EAST JAVA
Trenggalek Regency still faces challenges in the form of isolated villages around watersheds that have not been fully reached by development results. This condition results in underdeveloped pockets of villages whose main characteristics are the difficulty of accessing clean water. This limitation is due to surface water conditions and regional topography that generally do not allow the construction of large irrigation constructions. At the beginning of the Five-Year Development program (Repelita II), the government launched the Presidential Instruction on Disadvantaged Villages with the aim of improving the living standards of people in disadvantaged villages. This study examines the alternative solution to the problem of clean water supply based on topographic conditions and rainfall in the area, namely through the construction of a reservoir as a means of holding relatively small water. This reservoir functions as a water bath that can be used in the dry season. Given the relatively small scale of the built irrigation buildings, all aspects of the building, from the construction to the economic aspect, cannot be compared to the existence of large irrigation buildings. This research aims to provide practical and economical solutions in providing clean water for disadvantaged villages in Trenggalek Regency.
ACCULTURATION OF ISLAMIC CULTURE AND TRADITIONS OF THE BASAP DAYAK TRIBE IN THE BUFFER ZONE OF THE NATIONAL CAPITAL CITY (IKN) OF EAST KALIMANTAN
Acculturation of Islamic Culture and Traditions of the Basap Dayak Tribe in the Buffer Zone of the National Capital City (IKN) of East Kalimantan. This research aims to analyze the background of the Dayak Basap tribe in East Kutai. Apart from that, this research also reveals the social and economic life of the Dayak Basap tribe and how unique it is for them to live in an environment that is predominantly non-Muslim. The type of research carried out is qualitative research with historical methods. This research aims to analyze the history of the Dayak Basap tribe. This is interesting because the majority of the Dayak tribe adhere to Christianity and Catholicism, but the Dayak Basap tribe is predominantly Muslim. Another thing studied is their socio-economic life. The data collection techniques used are techniques usually used in qualitative research methodology consisting of (observation, interviews, documentation and library research), source criticism. The approach used is Apart from that, the interview guide is also used as an instrument to facilitate data collection in the form of explanations from respondents who are interviewed and are considered competent in their fields.
FROM COMMON SENSE TO REFLECTIVE REALISM: A DIALECTICAL STUDY OF THOMAS REID'S PHILOSOPHY
This study explores Thomas Reid’s philosophy of common sense as a response to the epistemological crisis of the Enlightenment era, marked by skepticism and idealism. Through a dialectical approach, the research examines Reid’s concepts of first principles, direct realism, and moral sense, highlighting their role in restoring trust in reality and moral responsibility. The analysis employs hermeneutic and constructive-dialectical methods to critically assess Reid’s position and its limitations, particularly regarding claims of universality and cultural neutrality. The findings propose a reinterpretation of Reid’s thought into reflective realism and dialogical morality, emphasizing the need for epistemic trust combined with critical openness and ethical dialogue in pluralistic societies. This synthesis offers significant implications for contemporary philosophy of science and ethics, especially in addressing challenges of post-truth and relativism. Reid’s philosophy, when read reflectively, becomes not only a defense of rationality but also a call for intellectual honesty and moral responsibility in navigating modern complexity.
THE POLITICAL IMPACT OF PRESIDENT SOEHARTO'S SPEECH AT THE ABRI LEADERSHIP MEETING ON 27 MARCH 1980
This research is entitled "The Political Impact of President Soeharto's Speech at the ABRI Leadership Meeting on 27 March 1980."The president's speech at the ABRI Leadership Meeting was used by Soeharto to carry out political control and civil repression against his political opponents.The objectives of this research are: 1) to describe the political situation in Indonesia in the 1980s, 2) to examine the content of President Soeharto's speech delivered on 27 March 1980, and 3) to analyze the political impacts arising from President Soeharto's speech on 27 March 1980. This research is a historical study and employs heuristics, source criticism (verification), external and internal criticism, interpretation, and presentation (historiography). The results of this research indicate that public trust in the government began to decline in 1980. President Soeharto's speech on 27 March 1980 represented an attempt to attack his political opponents. The address also signaled that the Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI) and Pepabri (Indonesian National Armed Forces) should support Golkar in the election. The speech provoked strong opposition from various elements of society; the most vocal critics were the Petition 50 Group, which issued a Statetement of Concern criticizing President Soeharto.
DEVELOPMENT OF A PROJECT-BASED LEARNING MODULE FOR INDONESIAN CAKE AND PASTRY PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE CREATIVITY AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF WIRA HARAPAN VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS
The purpose of this research is to produce a project-based learning module of Indonesian Cake and Cake Products (PCKI) in accordance with the Vocational High School (SMK) curriculum that is valid, practical and effective to improve students' critical thinking skills in learning Indonesian cake and cake products (PCKI). This research uses Development (R&D), to produce new products or improve existing products using the ADDIE Development model. The research subjects were one content expert and a linguist for the validity test, one teacher and 6 students for the practicality test and the study group for the effectiveness test. The instruments used in this study are content and language validity tests, practicality test instruments, and effectiveness test instruments in the form of tests to increase students' creativity and critical thinking. The data collection techniques used are through observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. Overall, the Aiken index showed a score of 0.897 in the "Valid" category, thus the instruments used to assess the validity of content based on content eligibility, presentation eligibility, language eligibility, and media eligibility, can be used to accurately measure. Based on the results of the analysis of the practicality test data above, it can be seen that the average score of practicality by teachers and students is 4.7 and 4.88 respectively with very good qualifications. This means that the Project-based Learning (PjBL) module produced in this study is practical to use. Based on the test using the Gregory formula, the results of the validity of the content above showed excellent results with a VI value of more than 90%, thus the entire instrument (questionnaire) for measuring creativity and critical thinking ability can be used without revision. The results of the normality test above showed a significance value of > 0.05 from each variable measured, namely in the creativity pretest, creativity posttest, critical thinking ability pretest, and critical thinking ability posttest. With these results, it can be concluded that all the measured variables have been distributed normally. Based on the results of the t-test carried out above, it can be said that the significance value for the creativity pretest and creativity posttest shows a significance value of < 0.05, thus it can be stated that with the teaching module Developed it is effective in increasing creativity. Furthermore, the significance value for the creativity pretest and posttest of critical thinking ability shows a significance value of < 0.05, thus it can be stated that the Developed teaching module is effective in improving critical thinking skills.