Santhet (Jurnal Sejarah Pendidikan Dan Humaniora)
Jurnal Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan, dan Humaniora (e-ISSN: 2541-6130; p-ISSN: 2541-2523) merupakan jurnal ilmiah yang diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Mulai tahun 2025, Jurnal Santhet diterbitkan enam kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Februari, April, Juni, Agustus, Oktober, dan Desember. Sebelum tahun 2025, jurnal ini diterbitkan dua kali dalam setahun. Jurnal Santhet mempublikasikan karya ilmiah yang mencakup berbagai topik dalam bidang pendidikan, sejarah, dan humaniora. Jurnal ini menerima kajian mengenai berbagai aspek sejarah, termasuk sejarah ekonomi, sosial, budaya, politik, pendidikan, dan isu-isu historis beserta humaniora. Berbagai pendekatan dan metodologi sejarah diterima, termasuk pendekatan interdisipliner dan multidisipliner. Jurnal Santhet menerima berbagai jenis karya ilmiah, antara lain artikel penelitian, artikel dari forum ilmiah, esai ulasan, edisi khusus, dan resensi buku. Resensi buku dapat diterbitkan pada bagian khusus yang disediakan oleh jurnal. Artikel dapat ditulis dalam Bahasa Indonesia atau Bahasa Inggris dan akan melalui proses editorial serta penelaahan sejawat sesuai dengan kebijakan jurnal. Jurnal Santhet berkomitmen untuk menyebarluaskan hasil penelitian ilmiah yang berkualitas serta mendorong perkembangan diskusi akademik dalam bidang sejarah, pendidikan, dan humaniora. Jurnal Santhet terindeks dalam Google Scholar dan membuka kesempatan bagi peneliti, dosen, guru, mahasiswa, sejarawan, dan akademisi dari Indonesia maupun mancanegara untuk berkontribusi melalui karya ilmiah yang relevan. Jurnal Santhet: Jurnal Sejarah, Pendidikan, dan Humaniora (e-ISSN: 2541-6130; p-ISSN: 2541-2523) is a scholarly journal published by the History Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Since 2025, Jurnal Santhet has been published six times a year, in February, April, June, August, October, and December. Prior to 2025, the journal was published twice a year. Jurnal Santhet publishes scholarly works covering a broad range of topics in education, history, and the humanities. The journal welcomes scholarly studies addressing various dimensions of history, including economic, social, cultural, political, and educational history, as well as historical issues and broader humanities-related topics. A wide range of historical approaches and methodologies is welcomed, including interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary perspectives. Jurnal Santhet accepts various types of scholarly contributions, including original research articles, scientific forum papers, review essays, special issues, and book reviews. Book reviews may be published in a dedicated section of the journal. Manuscripts may be submitted in Indonesian or English and are subject to editorial assessment and peer review in accordance with the journal's editorial policies. Jurnal Santhet is committed to disseminating high-quality scholarly research and fostering academic discourse in the fields of history, education, and the humanities. The journal is indexed by Google Scholar and welcomes contributions from researchers, lecturers, teachers, students, historians, and scholars from Indonesia and abroad whose scholarly work is relevant to the journal's scope.
Proram studi pendidikan Sejarah Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi
COMMUNITY-BASED NONFORMAL ISLAMIC EDUCATION: A STUDY OF THE MOSQUE AND ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL EDUCATION MODELS
Community-based nonformal Islamic education serves as an important educational mechanism outside formal schooling, particularly within mosques and Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). This study aims to analyze and compare community-based nonformal Islamic education models implemented in these two institutions. The research employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis at Roudlotus Salam Mosque and Mambaus Sholihin Islamic Boarding School.The findings reveal that both mosque- and pesantren-based nonformal Islamic education depend on strong community involvement. Nevertheless, they exhibit different pedagogical orientations. Mosque-based education is characterized by openness, flexibility, and adaptability to community needs, enabling inclusive participation across age groups and social backgrounds. Meanwhile, pesantren-based education is more structured and rooted in classical Islamic traditions, utilizing methods such as bandongan, sorogan, and muhafadzoh to transmit religious knowledge, scholarly lineage, and moral values. The novelty of this research lies in its comparative mapping of parallel education models in mosques and pesantren. The study demonstrates that community-based nonformal Islamic education is not monolithic but varies according to institutional structure, pedagogical tradition, and social context, thereby enriching contemporary discourse on Islamic education models.
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THE EFFECT OF THE GROWLEARN APPLICATION-ASSISTED PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON THE CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF GRADE IV ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
The development of critical thinking skills is a fundamental goal of 21st-century elementary education, particularly in Integrated Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning. However, many elementary students still demonstrate low levels of critical thinking due to teacher-centered instructional practices that limit active problem solving. This study aims to analyze the effect of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by the GrowLearn application on the critical thinking skills of fourth-grade elementary students. The research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. The sample consisted of 64 fourth-grade students divided into an experimental class and a control class. Data were collected through essay-based critical thinking tests administered as pretests and posttests, supported by classroom observations. Data analysis included normality tests, homogeneity tests, independent sample t-tests, and N-Gain analysis. The results showed that the posttest mean score of the experimental class (89.71) was significantly higher than that of the control class (68.61), with a significance value of 0.000 (< 0.05). The N-Gain analysis indicated a high category improvement in the experimental group, while the control group showed moderate improvement. These findings demonstrate that the implementation of PBL assisted by the GrowLearn application has a significant positive effect on students’ critical thinking skills. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of a digital learning application specifically designed to align with the syntax of Problem Based Learning, providing a more structured and contextual learning experience in IPAS instruction at the elementary level.
FROM FRAGMENTED LITERATURE TO A FUTURE RESEARCH AGENDA: AN SLR-BASED BIBLIOMETRIC AND CONTENT ANALYSIS OF MSME DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN INDONESIA
This study examines the development of research on digital transformation among micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Digital transformation has become an important issue because MSMEs are increasingly required to adapt to digital business practices, including digital marketing, e-commerce, digital payment systems, information systems, and platform-based business activities. However, previous studies remain fragmented across various themes, such as digital literacy, business performance, innovation, competitiveness, financial inclusion, and sustainability. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative approach, which combines Systematic Literature Review, bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer, and in-depth content analysis to map the intellectual structure and future research agenda of MSME digital transformation in Indonesia. This study analyzed 30 articles published between 2021 and 2026, selected through the PRISMA procedure from Google Scholar using Publish or Perish. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using co-occurrence analysis in VOSviewer, while content analysis was used to interpret the main themes and research gaps. The findings show that research on MSME digital transformation in Indonesia increased significantly in 2025 and formed five thematic clusters: digital transformation and business strategy, digital readiness and adoption barriers, SME performance and productivity, innovation and sustainability, and digital ecosystem and business platforms. The study implies that MSME digital transformation should be understood not only as technology adoption but also as a strategic process involving capability development, digital ecosystem integration, and business innovation. Future research should examine customer data utilization, digital literacy development, longitudinal transformation processes, and conceptual models of MSME digital transformation.
APPLICATION OF THE PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL WITH SPINNING WHEEL MEDIA IN IMPROVING UNDERSTANDING OF SCIENCE CONCEPTS
This study aimed to analyze the difference in the mean scores of students’ understanding of Integrated Science and Social Studies (IPAS) concepts and to measure the improvement in conceptual understanding after the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by the Spinning Wheel media. This quantitative study employed a pre-experimental method using a one-group pretest–posttest design. The research was conducted in a fourth-grade class at SD 4 Gondangmanis involving 21 students as the research subjects. The dependent variable was students’ conceptual understanding of IPAS, while the independent variable was the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model with the Spinning Wheel media. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. The data were analyzed using the Normality Test, Paired Sample t-Test, and N-Gain Test with SPSS version 26. The results of the Paired Sample t-Test showed a significance value of 0,00 (0,00 < 0,05), indicating a significant difference between students’ pretest and posttest scores. This finding demonstrates that the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by the Spinning Wheel media significantly improved students’ conceptual understanding of IPAS. Furthermore, the N-Gain score was 0,6965, which falls into the moderate improvement category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by the Spinning Wheel media effectively enhances fourth-grade students’ conceptual understanding of IPAS.
TEMPORAL POLITICS IN THE BPO INDUSTRY: DISCIPLINE, VULNERABILITY AND NEGOTIATION OF YOUNG WORKERS IN YOGYAKARTA
The Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) industry in Indonesia has expanded rapidly alongside the growth of digital companies that rely on standardized and time-based services. In Yogyakarta, this expansion is supported by the availability of young workers and relatively low regional minimum wages, which create flexible yet tightly controlled work environment. This study aims to examine how BPO workers experience time in their daily work and how they negotiate its pressures within digitally managed labor systems. Using a corporate ethnography approach, the research was conducted over five months through participant observation and in-depth interview with nine workers from three BPO companies in Yogyakarta.The findings show that algorithmic management, short-terms contracts, and real-time performance monitoring produce strict temporal discipline that reshape workers daily rhythms and limit control over their own time. Under these conditions, workers develop tactical strategies such as regulating response timing, delaying new interactions, and planning absences in order to cope with pressure and maintain emotional stability. However, these strategies only create limited spaces for negotiation within a broader structure of digital capitalism that perpetuates job insecurity and precarity. This study contributes to the anthropology of work by highlighting how time operates as a mechanism of power in the BPO industry and enriching critical discussions on digital labour in Indonesia.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DEEP LEARNING APPROACH BASED ON MINDFUL, MEANINGFUL, AND JOYFUL LEARNING IN HISTORY LEARNING AT SMA PGRI 1 PALEMBANG
This study was motivated by the importance of instilling nationalism values in students amid the rapid development of globalization. History learning plays a significant role in shaping character, national identity, and patriotism. The study aimed to identify the forms and implementation of nationalism values in history learning at SMA Pembina Palembang.This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation.The findings revealed that the implementation of nationalism values was carried out through both school activities and history learning in the classroom, including flag ceremonies, national commemorations, religious activities, and extracurricular programs. In history learning, nationalism values were integrated into topics related to the national struggle, unity, patriotism, and appreciation of national heroes. The implementation was supported by habituation, teacher role modeling, interactive learning methods, and the use of learning media. Supporting factors included the support of school principals, teachers, students, and school facilities, while limited resources remained an obstacle to the optimal implementation of several programs.The study concludes that the implementation of nationalism values in history learning at SMA Pembina Palembang has been carried out effectively and contributes to fostering patriotism, unity, responsibility, and national awareness among students
Analysis of Local Wisdom Values in the Collection of Folk Games of the Malay Community in Moro District, Karimun Regency
This study aims to analyze the local wisdom values ​​of peace and prosperity found in the collection of folk games of the Malay community in Moro District, Karimun Regency. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive research. Data sources were obtained from community leaders and the practice of folk games that are still developing in Moro District. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was tested using source triangulation. The results showed that the Malay folk games of Moro District contain local wisdom values ​​of peace, including honesty, politeness, positive thinking, gratitude, commitment, social solidarity, and harmony. Furthermore, these folk games also contain local wisdom values ​​of well-being, including discipline, hard work, mutual cooperation, health, creativity, cultural preservation, and environmental awareness. These values ​​are reflected in the game rules, the implementation process, and the interactions between players. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that folk games serve not only as a form of entertainment, but also as a medium for transmitting local wisdom values ​​that support the creation of peace and community prosperity. Therefore, the preservation of folk games is necessary to ensure that local cultural values ​​are maintained and passed on to future generations.
LEARNING MOTIVATION AND THE TEACHER’S ROLE: A CASE STUDY OF STUDENTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES AT SDLB KALIWUNGU KUDUS
he learning process of students with intellectual disabilities still faces various challenges, including low learning concentration, limited understanding of learning materials, and a tendency to be passive when motivational stimulation is not provided. This study aims to describe the role of teachers in motivating the learning of students with intellectual disabilities at SDLB Kaliwungu Kudus. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. The research subjects included teachers and students with intellectual disabilities at SDLB Kaliwungu Kudus, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that teachers play a very important role in enhancing the learning motivation of students with intellectual disabilities. This role is manifested through their functions as educators, mentors, trainers, and evaluators, which are implemented contextually according to the characteristics and needs of each student. Teachers deliver learning materials in a simple and gradual manner, provide academic and emotional assistance, train habits and basic skills repeatedly, and conduct evaluations that emphasize the learning process and students’ developmental progress.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ANDROID BASED LINEAR LOCUS MEDIA ASSISTED PBL MODEL ON NARRATIVE TEXT READING COMPREHENSION SKILLS
This study was motivated by the low interest in reading among students, which has resulted in poor reading comprehension skills in narrative texts in elementary schools. This condition causes students to have difficulty identifying main ideas, understanding important information, and summarizing the content of the reading material in a coherent manner. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in the average pretest and posttest scores and the effectiveness of the Android-based LINARLOKUS media-assisted PBL model in improving the narrative text comprehension skills of fourth-grade elementary school students. The method used was quantitative with a One Group Pretest–Posttest pre-experimental design. The research sample consisted of 35 fourth-grade students at SD 1 Jekulo, selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through pretest and posttest descriptive tests and documentation, then analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Paired Sample T-Test, and N-Gain. The results showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores with a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. The average N-Gain score of 0.588 was in the moderate category with an effectiveness percentage of 58.8%, which was considered quite effective. Thus, it can be concluded that the PBL model assisted by LINARLOKUS media is quite effective in improving students' reading comprehension skills in narrative text material. The implications of this study provide recommendations for teachers to apply active, contextual learning and utilize Android-based media to increase students' interest and reading skills
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FLIPBOOK-BASED DIGITAL COMIC MEDIA ON THE 5 JANUARY 1949 BLOODY RENGAT INCIDENT AS A LOCAL HISTORY LEARNING MEDIUM
This study aimed to develop a digital comic based on Flipbook technology for teaching the local history topic of the Rengat Bloody Incident on January 5, 1949. The research was motivated by the limited use of innovative digital learning media in history education, which often causes students to lose interest and experience difficulties in understanding local historical events. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The study was conducted at SMAN 1 Rengat involving history teachers, media experts, material experts, and students of class XI.5 as research subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, and pre-test and post-test instruments. The results showed that the digital comic Flipbook media was categorized as highly feasible based on expert validation results from both media and material validators. In addition, the implementation results indicated that the media effectively improved students’ motivation, understanding, and learning outcomes in local history learning. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of local historical content with interactive Flipbook-based digital comics that are accessible through digital devices and designed according to students’ learning characteristics in the digital era. Therefore, the developed media can serve as an innovative and engaging learning resource for history education.
THE EFFECT OF THE SFAE LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED BY VISUAL MEDIA ON STUDENTS’ SCIENCE LEARNING OUTCOMES AT SDN 232 PALEMBANG
This study aims to examine the effect of the Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFAE) learning model assisted by visual media on the science learning outcomes of students at SDN 232 Palembang. This is quasi-experimental study using a Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 51 students, including 26 students of class IV.A as the experimental group and 25 students of class IV.B as the control group, selected using the Cluster Random Sampling technique. Data were collected through multiple-choice tests and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney-U test because the learning outcome data were not normally distributed. The results showed a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.011 <0.05, so Ho was rejected, and Ha was accepted. The average learning outcomes of the experimental group increased from 52.77 to 75.85, with an effect size of r = 0.354, indicating a medium effect. This indicates that the SFAE learning model, supported by visual media, has a significant moderate effect on students’ science learning outcomes at SDN 232 Palembang. These findings suggest that the SFAE model assisted by visual media, can be recommended as an alternative for active learning with conceptual science material in elementary schools.
Enhancing the Self-Reliance of Smallholder Sheep Farmers via Educational Interventions on Silage Feed Processing in Songgon District, Banyuwangi
Smallholder sheep farmers play a pivotal role in meeting the national demand for animal protein. Enhancing farmers’ capacity in modern feed processing methods directly contributes to improving both the quality and quantity of sheep production. This study introduces the concept of a livelihood-improvement economy model through the implementation of silage fermentation techniques within farmer groups in Sumberarum Village, Songgon District, Banyuwangi. A structured questionnaire was administered to assess farmers’ understanding of silage processing and to collect demographic data. Subsequently, knowledge transfer activities were conducted and evaluated using pre- and post-test analysis with the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. To date, no prior studies have examined the introduction of silage feed among smallholder farmers in Songgon District. The demographic profile of the farmer group was predominantly composed of junior high school graduates (53.3%), with the majority engaged in farming and livestock rearing as their primary occupation (66.7%). Most respondents were aged between 31–40 years (40%). Initial knowledge regarding silage production and the use of processing equipment was extremely limited (0%). The knowledge transfer process was successfully implemented, as evidenced by a significant improvement in farmers’ understanding based on the Wilcoxon test results. The adoption of silage has proven to facilitate sheep management practices and is highly compatible with the local characteristics of Sumberarum Village, where forest fodder is abundantly available as a free raw material for silage production.
ANALYSIS OF LOTS AND HOTS QUESTIONS ON SOUTH SUMATRA LOCAL HISTORY IN HIGH SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS
Developing Lower-Order Thinking Skills (LOTS) and Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) is a crucial objective of history education. However, studies analyzing LOTS and HOTS questions regarding the local history of South Sumatra across various curricula remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of LOTS and HOTS questions in high school history textbooks. A qualitative descriptive method employing a content analysis approach was used. Data were collected through observation, interviews with history teachers, and an examination of history textbooks from the 2009 Curriculum, the 2013 Curriculum, and the Kurikulum Merdeka (Independent Curriculum). The findings indicate that the questions span cognitive levels C1 through C6, based on Anderson and Krathwohl’s Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy. The 2009 Curriculum contained two LOTS questions and two HOTS questions; the 2013 Curriculum consisted entirely of six HOTS questions; and the Kurikulum Merdeka included two LOTS questions and five HOTS questions. These results demonstrate that the 2013 Curriculum and the Kurikulum Merdeka place greater emphasis on higher-order thinking than the 2009 Curriculum. This study offers practical implications for history teachers and textbook developers regarding the design of local history assessment questions that foster students' critical and analytical thinking skills.
THE EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING A DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING APPROACH ON STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN HISTORY LEARNING FOR GRADE XI HUMANITIES AT SMAN 1 CIKEUSAL
History learning often remains uniform, ignoring students’ differences in ability and learning style. This study aims to examine the effect of differentiated instruction on students’ critical thinking skills in Grade XI Humanities at SMAN 1 Cikeusal. Conducted from August to September 2025, this quasi-experimental study used a non-equivalent control group design with data collected through observation, tests, and documentation. Class XI-7 used differentiated instruction, while XI-9 used conventional learning. The experimental group’s mean posttest score was 88.85, compared to 76.18 in the control group, with a Sig. value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant difference. It concludes that differentiated instruction effectively enhances critical thinking skills by adjusting learning processes to individual needs. Students became more active and analytical in understanding historical material.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE MONOPOLY GAME LEARNING MEDIA BASED ON ZEP QUIZ TO INCREASE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF GRADE X SMK STUDENTS
This study aimed to develop an interactive history learning medium based on Zep Quiz and to determine its effectiveness in enhancing student learning motivation. The study employed the DDR (Didactical Design Research) model, comprising the stages of analysis, Design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The research participants were students from class X TKJ 1. The average score on the learning motivation questionnaire was 80.86. Data analysis using the One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test on residual normality yielded an Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.200, which exceeds the significance level of 0.05. Additionally, the Monte Carlo Sig. value of 0.764 was also greater than 0.05. The Zep Quiz medium contributed 79.4% to student learning motivation. The calculated t-value (11.290) exceeded the t-table value (2.035), and the p-value (<0.001) was less than 0.05; consequently, the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected. Partial analysis indicated that the Zep Quiz learning medium influenced student learning motivation. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the use of the Zep Quiz-based learning medium is effective for enhancing student learning motivation and fostering a technology-based, interactive learning process, particularly in history lessons.
Implementation of the Cooperative Learning Model Through the Game of Galah Hadang in the History Learning of Class XII IPS SMAN 1 Sungai Ambawang Students
This study aims to find out the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the implementation of the cooperative learning model through the game of Galah Hadang in the history learning of class XII IPS SMAN 1 Sungai Ambawang. The research background is based on the need for learning innovations that are interesting, contextual, and strengthen the values of local character and culture. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature studies. The interview was the main source, involving 1 history teacher and 5 students of class XII social studies. The results of the study showed that at the planning stage, teachers set integrative goals between history materials and traditional games, adjusting the materials and schedules. In implementation, Galah Hadang was modified to be relevant to the material of the threat of national disintegration, increasing participation and cooperation. Evaluation is carried out through group presentation assignments
LOCAL VALUES AND WISDOM OF THE EARTH ALMS TRADITION IN PULAU PANGGUNG VILLAGE, MUSI RAWAS REGENCY
The sedekah bumi tradition is a form of local wisdom that continues to be preserved by rural communities as an expression of gratitude for agricultural yields and as a means of strengthening social relationships. This study aims to describe the values and local wisdom embedded in the sedekah bumi tradition in Pulau Panggung Village, Musi Rawas Regency. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research informants consisted of traditional leaders, community leaders, and local residents who were directly involved in the implementation of the sedekah bumi tradition. The collected data were analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the sedekah bumi tradition contains religious, social, mutual cooperation, togetherness, and environmental care values. In addition, this tradition functions as a medium for transmitting cultural values to the younger generation in order to preserve local identity and wisdom. Therefore, the sedekah bumi tradition not only holds ritual significance but also plays an important role in maintaining social harmony and preserving local culture in Pulau Panggung Village.
ANALYSIS OF CAUSAL FACTORS AND TEACHER EFFORTS IN OVERCOMING BEGINNING READING DIFFICULTIES OF GRADE 1 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
This research was motivated by the condition of first-grade students at SDN Ngepungrojo 01 who still experience difficulties in early reading skills, particularly in recognizing letters, spelling words, and blending letter sounds. This study aims to analyze the factors causing early reading difficulties and to describe the teacher’s efforts in overcoming these difficulties among first-grade elementary school students. This study employed a qualitative research method with a case study approach. The participants consisted of one first-grade teacher and six students who experienced reading difficulties out of a total of 26 students in the class. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The results showed that early reading difficulties were influenced by three main factors: intellectual, environmental, and psychological factors. Intellectual factors were related to students’ ability to recognize letters and blend sounds into syllables. Environmental factors were associated with limited learning support and reading habits at home. Psychological factors included low interest, motivation, and concentration in reading activities. The teacher’s efforts to address these difficulties included the use of singing methods, letter card media, drill methods, additional guidance, and communication with parents. The findings of this study provide practical implications for teachers in designing more appropriate instructional strategies to help students overcome early reading difficulties.
The Effect Of The Problem-Based Learning Model Using Documentary Film Medium On The Historical Literacy Abilities Of Grade XI Students Of SMA Negeri 8 Pandeglang
Historical literacy skills can be enhanced through the learning process, particularly in history education. However, in practice, there is a lack of effective learning media and facilities to support the development of students’ historical literacy skills. Therefore, this study aims to improve the historical literacy skills of Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 8 Pandeglang through the implementation of a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by documentary film media. Specifically, this study seeks to determine whether the use of the Problem-Based Learning model with documentary film media has a significant effect on students’ historical literacy skills and whether it contributes to an improvement in those skills. This study employed a quasi-experimental method using a nonequivalent control group design. The research involved an experimental class and a control class. The sample consisted of students from Class XI IPS 1 as the control group and Class XI IPS 3 as the experimental group. The results of the statistical analysis, using an independent samples t-test, showed a significance value of 0.00 (< 0.05), indicating that H₀ was rejected and Hₐ was accepted. Furthermore, the improvement in students’ historical literacy skills was measured using the N-Gain test. The findings revealed that the experimental class achieved an average N-Gain score of 48.53, while the control class obtained an average N-Gain score of 35.23. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model supported by documentary film media has a significant positive effect on, and contributes to the improvement of, the historical literacy skills of Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 8 Pandeglang.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STUNTING REDUCTION ACCELERATION POLICY THROUGH SPECIFIC NUTRITION INTERVENTIONS: A STUDY OF MOTHERS AND CHILDREN IN SEWULAN VILLAGE, DAGANGAN DISTRICT, MADIUN REGENCY
Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia due to its long-term impacts on children's physical growth, cognitive development, and future productivity. To address this problem, the Indonesian government has implemented the Accelerated Stunting Reduction Policy through specific nutrition interventions targeting mothers and children during the first 1,000 days of life. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the accelerated stunting reduction policy through specific nutrition interventions in Sewulan Village, Dagangan District, Madiun Regency. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach within the framework of public policy implementation. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving village government officials, health workers, integrated health service post (Posyandu) cadres, and beneficiary families. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of the policy has generally been carried out according to established guidelines through activities such as maternal and child health services, growth monitoring, nutrition education, supplementary feeding programs, immunization, and regular Posyandu services. Supporting factors include the commitment of local stakeholders, active participation of health cadres, and collaboration among relevant institutions. However, several challenges remain, including limited public awareness regarding nutritional fulfillment, inconsistent participation of beneficiaries, and resource constraints in program implementation. These obstacles affect the effectiveness of specific nutrition interventions in reducing stunting prevalence. The study concludes that the implementation of the accelerated stunting reduction policy in Sewulan Village has contributed positively to improving maternal and child health outcomes. Nevertheless, strengthening community education, stakeholder coordination, and program monitoring is necessary to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of stunting reduction efforts.
TRACING THE TRAILS OF PALEMBANG'S ULAMA NETWORK THROUGH PODCASTS: INNOVATION IN LOCAL HISTORY LEARNING IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Local history plays a crucial role in strengthening national identity and cultural awareness among the younger generation. However, in the digital era, challenges arise from students' lack of interest in historical material, which they consider boring. This study aims to explore how podcasts can serve as an innovative tool in local history learning, focusing on the network of ulama (Islamic scholars) in Palembang as the object of study. Using a literature study method, this study collected and analyzed data from various literature sources discussing the role of ulama in the development of Islamic education in the archipelago and the potential of podcasts in education. The results show that podcasts can present local history narratives in a more engaging and interactive manner. The use of an audio format allows for more engaging information delivery, facilitates listener engagement, and disseminates diverse perspectives on the ulama's intellectual heritage. Therefore, this study recommends integrating podcasts into the educational curriculum to enhance students' understanding of local history. It is hoped that this innovation can strengthen cultural identity and foster a love of history among the digital generation, especially in Palembang's society, which is rich in tradition and history.
LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON USER SATISFACTION AT PORT OF TANJUNG WANGI
Ports serve as a crucial supply chain node coordinating integrated stevedoring activities and cargo distribution. The performance of both activities directly impacts service user satisfaction, yet empirical evidence at feeder ports like Tanjung Wangi Port remains limited. This explanatory quantitative study aims to analyze the influence of stevedoring (X1) and distribution (X2) on service user satisfaction (Y) at Tanjung Wangi Port. Data were gathered via 1–5 Likert scale questionnaires from 83 respondents selected through purposive sampling, comprising sea freight forwarders (EMKL), shipping agents, and cargo owners. Data analysis used multiple linear regression with SPSS software. The results indicate that stevedoring (X1) and distribution (X2) simultaneously exert a significant and substantial effect 67,4% on service user satisfaction (Y) (R2 = 0,674). Partially, the distribution (X2) (b = 0.512; t = 5.565) shows a more dominant influence than stevedoring activities (X1) (b = 0.456; t = 5.365). These findings imply that service user satisfaction (Y) at Tanjung Wangi Port is primarily determined by downstream distribution smoothness, including cargo release speed and streamlined administrative procedures. Practically, port management must prioritize simplifying distribution workflows to sustainably enhance user satisfaction.
SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF THE BEBUANG TRADITIONAL RITUAL OF THE LIPAN ISLAND SEA TRIBE COMMUNITY, PENUBA VILLAGE, SELAYAR DISTRICT, LINGGA REGENCY
This study discusses the Semiotic Analysis of Bebuang Traditional Rituals of The Sea Tribe Community of Lipan Island, Penuba Village in Selayar district, Lingga Regency. This research method is descriptive analysis using a qualitative approach and applying semiotic theory and Charles Sanders Peirce. The data collection techniques used are participant observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study uses qualitative analysis techniques. The results of the data analysis obtained from the Semiotic Analysis of Bebuang Traditional Rituals of The Sea Tribe Community of Lipan Island, Penuba Village in Selayar district, Lingga Regency show that the Bebuang mantra contains linguistic and symbolic signs that reflect the spiritual, social, and ecological values of the Sea Tribe community. The semiotic meaning in the Bebuang mantra not only plays a role as a means of communication with ancestral spirits, but also as a form of local wisdom that strengthens the cultural identity of the Sea Tribe community.
CITIZEN DIPLOMACY PRACTICES AT THE HAGUE: AN ANALYSIS OF THE STICHTING TONG-TONG’S ROLE FROM 2009 TO 2023
This study aims to analyze the role of the Tong-Tong Foundation as a non-state actor in the practice of citizen diplomacy in The Hague, Netherlands. The Tong-Tong Foundation (Stichting Tong-Tong) is the oldest cultural organization in the Netherlands. The establishment of the Tong-Tong Foundation aims to promote Eurasian Indies culture and provide an understanding for the Indonesian people about its cultural history. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with secondary data collection techniques through literature studies. Data collection for this study uses secondary data through literature studies obtained through previous journal articles and the official website of the Tong-Tong Foundation itself. The author sets the selection period as 2009-2023. The selection of 2009 was due to a name change by the Tong-Tong Foundation and 2023 was the last year the Tong-Tong Foundation was active. The author obtained research results in the form of citizens or community groups can play a role in diplomatic activities and the Tong-Tong Foundation has a good impact as a non-state actor in Indonesia-Netherlands relations through its role as a citizen diplomacy actor by Paul Sharp.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PANCASILA STUDENT PROFILE STRENGTHENING PROJECT (P5) IN INSTILLING THE VALUE OF MUTUAL COOPERATION AMONG STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 21 SAMARINDA.
This study aims to examine the implementation of the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) in instilling the value of mutual cooperation among students at SMP Negeri 21 Samarinda and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection techniques. The results indicate that P5 implementation promotes collaboration, shared responsibility, and social awareness among students. The study concludes that P5 is effective in instilling mutual cooperation values when implemented systematically and collaboratively.
LOCAL CULTURE AND STUDENT LEARNING PATTERNS IN LEARNING HISTORY
This study aims to analyze the forms of local culture within the school environment, students’ learning patterns in history learning, and the role of local culture in shaping students’ learning patterns at SMA Islam Cipasung. The study employed a qualitative approach with an educational ethnography design. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was conducted through the stages of domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and cultural theme analysis. The findings reveal that the local culture at SMA Islam Cipasung is formed through a combination of Sundanese cultural values and pesantren traditions that emphasize religiosity, respect for teachers, mutual cooperation, and communal learning habits. Local culture plays a role in shaping students’ learning patterns through three main mechanisms: as a cognitive schema, a motivational regulator, and an interactional protocol. The integration of local culture into history learning enhances student engagement, strengthens historical understanding, and makes learning more contextual and meaningful. However, the study also found challenges in the form of dense school and pesantren activities that affect students’ physical condition and learning concentration. This study confirms that local culture is an essential component in history learning and should be integrated responsively into teachers’ pedagogical practices
THE EFFECT OF JUMPING FROG MEDIA WITH MANIPULATIVE MOVEMENT ON SUBTRACT MATERIAL ON LEARNING OUTCOMES OF GRADE I STUDENTS AT STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 94 PALEMBANG
This study amis to determine the effect of jumping frog media with manipulative movement on subtraction material one the learning outcomes of grade I students at state elementary school 94 Palembang. This is due to a lock of engaging media due to the continued dominance of convensional methods such as lectures, textbooks, and whiterboards. This situation has resulted in low student mathematics learning outcomes. To address this, learning media are needed that can help students learning through real-life and enjoyable activities, such as the jumping frog model wit manipulative movements, so that students can more easily understand the concept of subtraction through direst experience. The method used in this study was a Pre -Exsperimental Design. Data on student learning activities were collected through tests and documentation. Data on student learning outcomes were collected using essay questions. The one group pretest dan posttest design method was all 34 grade I students, and the sampel used was quentitative analysis. The results of the hypothesis test or t-tes yielded a significance level of 0,000<a ( a=0,025), therefore ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the jumping frog media with manipulative movements in the subtraction material has an effect on the learning outcomes of first-grade students at SD Negeri 94 Palembang
SINDANG IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE: THE CONSTRUCTION OF TERRITORY AS LINGUISTIC IDENTITY
This study examines the historical processes that shaped the Sindang language as a linguistic identity of the Sindang community. Grounded in the understanding that a territory is not merely a geographical space but also a determinant of linguistic identity, this research combines historical methods with a linguistic approach to interpret the Sindang language as a socio-cultural product formed through the collective experiences of its speakers. The historical method is applied through the stages of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography to reconstruct the dynamics of the Sindang region, including administrative changes, the formation of marga (clan) structures, and the influence of colonial policies. The linguistic approach complements this analysis by examining the features of the Sindang language, its distribution, and its relationship with surrounding speech communities, highlighting how social interactions contribute to linguistic identity formation. The novelty of this research lies in its specific focus on linking the historical development of the Sindang region with the emergence of its linguistic identity. To date, no study has systematically analyzed the interplay between territorial history, socio-political processes, and the evolution of the Sindang language. The findings reveal that the linguistic identity of Sindang is a historical construction shaped by layered social processes, population mobility, and shifting territorial boundaries. This study affirms that the Sindang language functions not only as a means of communication but also as a representation of the enduring cultural identity of the Sindang community.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING ASSISTED BY LANCER MEDIA IN IMPROVING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
IPAS instruction regarding the digestive system at SD Negeri 2 Garung Kidul is heavily dominated by verbal lectures and static media, resulting in low conceptual understanding with a pre-research average score of 46.04 and chronic biological misconceptions. This quantitative experimental study utilizing a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with interactive LANCER media on a saturated sample of 25 fifth-grade students. Data were gathered through a validated 14-item essay test, observation sheets, and interviews, and subsequently analyzed using a paired sample t-test and the N-gain formula. The results revealed a significant leap in the posttest average score to 82.60, achieving a 92% classical completeness rate. The paired sample t-test yielded a significance value of Sig. (2-tailed)= 0.000, indicating a highly distinct variance in conceptual mastery. The intervention's impact is substantially supported by a classical N-gain score of 0.68 (moderate category) alongside an effect size represented by an effectiveness percentage of 67.8%, positioning this combined approach within the quite effective range for quality improvement. These findings demonstrate that integrating LANCER media into Problem-Based Learning substantially enhances conceptual understanding by facilitating visual representation, active inquiry, and collaborative learning.
Analysis of Child Sexual Violence Factors in Indonesia Using Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Approach: Systematic Literature Review
Child sexual violence is a complex and multidimensional violation of human rights, involving interactions among individual, familial, community, and broader social systems. This study aims to analyze the risk factors and protective factors of child sexual violence in Indonesia using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory framework through a systematic literature review approach. Data were collected using the SPIDER method from the Garuda database, employing the keywords “child sexual violence” and “causes,” covering publications from 2017 to 2025. Out of 140 identified articles, 16 met the eligibility criteria and were analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that dominant risk factors are primarily located at the microsystem level, including inadequate parental supervision, permissive parenting styles, and limited sexual education. At the exosystem level, significant risk factors include low socioeconomic conditions, exposure to pornography, and high-risk social environments. Meanwhile, protective factors were identified mainly at the macrosystem level, such as legal regulations and public awareness campaigns, as well as at the chronosystem level, particularly adaptive policy changes responding to social and technological developments. The analysis further reveals that interactions across ecological system levels are dynamic, where vulnerabilities at one level may amplify risks at other levels. This study emphasizes that child sexual violence should be understood as a systemic phenomenon resulting from interconnected ecological factors, requiring integrated, multi-level interventions. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of more proactive, collaborative, and sustainable ecology-based prevention strategies for addressing child sexual violence in Indonesia.
HISTORY LEARNING THROUGH THE PROJECT-BASED LEARNING METHOD AT SMAN 1 DEMPET, GRADE XI, ACADEMIC YEAR 2025/2026
This study aims to describe the implementation of Project-Based Learning in history instruction at SMAN 1 Dempet, identify the challenges encountered, and analyze the solutions implemented by the teacher. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. The participants consisted of one history teacher and three eleventh-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the implementation of Project-Based Learning enhances students' participation, understanding of the subject matter, and engagement in the learning process. The study concludes that Project-Based Learning is an effective instructional method for improving the quality of history education while fostering students' active participation and learning motivation.
COLLECTIVE TRAUMA IN THE NARRATIVE OF THE 1999 SAMBAS INCIDENT
The 1999 Sambas Incident was an ethnic conflict involving two ethnic groups, the Sambas Malay and the Madurese, in West Kalimantan. This incident resulted in mass violence and large-scale displacement, particularly among the Madurese. The impact of this conflict was not only physical and financial, but also gave rise to collective trauma that then influenced inter-ethnic social relations until the post-conflict period. This article aims to analyze the background and process of the 1999 Sambas Incident, and to understand how the event was then constructed and inherited as a collective trauma within the community groups involved. This study uses historical research methods consisting of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Research sources were obtained through archives, government reports, mass media coverage, and relevant previous scientific works. This research analysis uses the concept of collective trauma by Jeffrey C. Alexander and Gilad Hirschberger, as well as the concept of violence by Johan Galtung. The results of the study indicate that the collective trauma of the 1999 Sambas Incident was passed down from generation to generation, through family and community narratives. The inherited collective trauma then becomes a group identity and ultimately influences post-conflict interethnic relations. Thus, the collective trauma of this event serves not only as a memory of the past but also as a social lens for interpreting relationships with other groups and shaping boundaries within society.
BRONZE KELINTANG MUSIC IN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR REGENCY IN THE CULTURAL LANDSCAPE OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
This study examines Bronze Kelintang Music in East Tanjung Jabung Regency within the analytical framework of the Southeast Asian cultural landscape. Although Malay musical traditions have been widely discussed in ethnomusicological studies, limited scholarship has positioned Bronze Kelintang within the broader maritime cultural configuration of Southeast Asia. This study addresses this gap by reconstructing its historical trajectories and analyzing its functional transformation within regional networks of cultural interaction. Employing historical methods with a qualitative approach, the research integrates literature review, comparative organological analysis, and socio-cultural interpretation. The findings reveal that the bronze pencon-based structure of Bronze Kelintang exhibits organological affinities with Southeast Asian gong-chime traditions, indicating cultural diffusion processes shaped by maritime trade and migration. Its function has shifted from sacred ritual contexts embedded in cosmological belief systems to representational performances in contemporary public spaces, reflecting broader socio-cultural restructuring in coastal Malay communities. Theoretically, this study contributes to Southeast Asian cultural landscape discourse by conceptualizing Bronze Kelintang as a material-cultural node that mediates local identity formation and regional interaction. This perspective extends cultural landscape analysis beyond spatial representation toward understanding musical instruments as historical markers of maritime connectivity. Contemporary challenges include limited instrument sustainability, weak regeneration, and insufficient community-based preservation mechanisms. An integrative preservation strategy that incorporates historical continuity, regional interconnectivity, and cultural policy support is therefore necessary.
THE MEANING OF THE REBA RITUAL IN THE BHAJAWA ETHNICFARMING COMMUNITY OF JAWA MEZE VILLAGE,BAJAWA DISTRICT, NGADA REGENCY
The problem addressed in this study is the meaning of the Reba ritual among the Bhajawa ethnic farming community in Jawa Meze Village, Bajawa District, Ngada Regency. The objective of this study is to identify the meaning of the Reba ritual within the Bhajawa ethnic farming community. This study employed a qualitative research method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis consisted of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the Reba ritual embodies several meanings: (1) the preservation of tradition and social dynamics, reflecting customary norms that regulate community life; (2) a religious meaning, expressing devotion to the Transcendent Being and ancestors; (3) a historical meaning, preserving past experiences as guidance for present and future life; (4) a political meaning, reflecting authority, leadership, and social cohesion within the clan structure; and (5) an aesthetic meaning, demonstrated through metaphorical language, ritual discourse, and the rhythm of tandak o uwi. These findings imply that the Reba ritual plays a vital role in preserving the cultural identity, social values, and traditional heritage of the Bhajawa ethnic community.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DEEP LEARNING APPROACH WITH MEANINGFUL PRINCIPLES BASED ON INDEPENDENT CURRICULUM IN HISTORY LEARNING IN HIGH SCHOOL IN SERANG CITY
This study aims to determine the implementation of the Deep Learning Approach with Meaningful principles in history learning at senior high schools in Serang City, represented by SMAN 3 Serang City, SMAN 1 Serang City, SMAN 2 Serang City, and SMAN 6 Serang City. This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, using observation, interviews, and documentation techniques. Based on the findings, the implementation of this approach has varying degrees of success depending on student characteristics and teacher strategies. For example, at SMAN 3 Serang City, SMAN 1 Serang City, and SMAN 2 Serang City, it has been running very well, as seen by the fulfillment of three Meaningful indicators during the classroom learning process. Meanwhile, at SMAN 6 Serang City, it is running well but not yet fully optimal because it is still facing adjustments to student interests and needs. Challenges faced include teachers' limited ability to design and manage learning according to the stages of Deep Learning due to a lack of training. Challenges that arise for students include fatigue, difficulty adapting from passive to active learning patterns, the complexity of history material, and low interest and motivation to learn in some classes.
THE VALUE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE REIGN OF SULTAN OF STUDENT CHARACTER IN THE MODERN ERA MAHMUD MALIK AZ-ZAHIR: RELEVANCE FOR THE FORMATION
This study aims to analyze the values of Islamic education during the reign of Sultan Mahmud Malik Az-Zahir in the Samudera Pasai Sultanate and examine their relevance to the formation of student character in the modern era. The research focuses on the value of ḥubb al-ʿilm (love of knowledge) as a central principle underlying Islamic leadership, education, and moral development. This study employs a qualitative research design using a literature review approach. Data were collected from historical sources, classical and contemporary books, national and international journal articles, and relevant academic documents. The collected data were analyzed thematically to identify key educational values and their implications for higher education today. He findings indicate that Sultan Mahmud Malik Az-Zahir played a significant role in promoting Islamic education by supporting halaqah (learning circles), honoring scholars, and strengthening educational institutions as centers of knowledge and moral guidance. These efforts positioned Samudera Pasai as one of the earliest Islamic intellectual centers in Southeast Asia. The study also finds that the educational values practiced during his reign remain relevant for addressing contemporary challenges faced by university students, particularly moral decline and ethical issues in the digital era. The scientific contribution of this study lies in reinterpreting historical Islamic educational values as a conceptual foundation for character education in modern higher education, emphasizing the integration of intellectual excellence, moral integrity, and social responsibility.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING IN HISTORY LEARNING ON THE THEME OF SOUTH SUMATRAN MALAY CULTURAL CROSSOVERS
This study aims to describe the implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL)-based history learning on the theme of South Sumatran Malay cultural crossovers at SMA PGRI 1 Palembang. The focus of the study includes learning planning, learning implementation, and students' learning experiences during project-based learning activities. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques consisting of observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were a history teacher and tenth-grade students of SMA PGRI 1 Palembang. The findings revealed that the learning plan was systematically prepared through the formulation of learning objectives, selection of learning materials, project activity design, and the utilization of learning media and resources relevant to the theme of South Sumatran Malay cultural crossovers. The learning implementation was conducted according to the stages of Project Based Learning, including introductory activities, project implementation, project presentation, and learning evaluation. The application of Project Based Learning encouraged students' active participation through discussions, information exploration, collaborative work, and project development activities. Furthermore, students gained more meaningful, contextual, and relevant learning experiences connected to their socio-cultural environment, which enhanced their understanding of historical materials as well as the values of tolerance, togetherness, and cultural diversity. Therefore, the implementation of Project Based Learning-based history learning on the theme of South Sumatran Malay cultural crossovers supports the creation of active, contextual, and meaningful history learning.
CULTURAL MEANING AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BERSIH DESA RITUAL IN DUKUH GENTAN BULU SUBDISTRICT, SUKOHARJO
Traditions are cultural heritage that contain religious, social, and cultural values while strengthening community identity. Rasulan is a local form of the Bersih Desa tradition preserved by the people of Dukuh Gentan,, Sukoharjo Regency. This study aims to analyze the meaning and functions of the Rasulan tradition in the context of local cultural preservation. This research employs a qualitative ethnographic approach using participatory observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal three main functions of Rasulan: preserving cultural continuity through ritual practices, expressing a worldview centered on gratitude and collective prayers, and strengthening collective identity through social solidarity and mutual cooperation. The novelty of this study lies in examining Rasulan as a cultural strategy that sustains local identity amid modernization.
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-BASED AUDIOVISUAL HISTORIOGRAPHY
This article explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) in reshaping audiovisual historiography, a field that integrates historical inquiry with multimedia representation. This article employs a qualitative-descriptive approach to understand the strengths and limitations of applying artificial intelligence (AI) technology in audiovisual historiography. The primary data sources for this study are a comprehensive literature review of relevant scholarly articles and books, as well as data from the creation of short historical videos using the AI platform Invideo.Io. This article investigates how AI-based tools enable the curation, restoration, and reinterpretation of historical narratives. It also highlights key advancements in AI applications, including the automatic transcription of archival audiovisual material, deepfake-based reconstructions, and immersive virtual reconstructions of historical events. This article further examines the opportunities and challenges posed by these innovations. The findings indicate that AI technology can offer unprecedented accuracy, accessibility, and creative possibilities in historical storytelling. On the other hand, concerns regarding ethical misuse, historical distortion, and digital authenticity require a robust framework to ensure credibility and accountability. For example, the AI-generated historical videos from Invideo.Io have shortcomings related to accuracy and synchronization between visuals and factual narratives of historical events. The findings of this study illustrate that AI can democratize history and make it more accessible, provided that a robust ethical framework is in place. This article contributes to our understanding of how emerging technologies can shape the future of historical research and storytelling.
ANALYSIS OF THE VALUE OF THE TEPUK TEPUNG TAWAR TRADITION IN TRADITIONAL WEDDING CEREMONIES IN LINGGA REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the traditional values ​​embodied in the "puking bumbu tawar" traditional ceremony at weddings in Lingga Regency. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders and cultural figures, and documentation of ceremonial activities. The results show that the "puking bumbu tawar" tradition possesses a deeply meaningful sign system, based on Charles Morris's semiotic theory, which consists of signs, signals, and symbols. This tradition is a form of cultural expression passed down from generation to generation and plays a crucial role in shaping the social, spiritual, and moral order of society. The "puking bumbu tawar" tradition plays a crucial role in maintaining the continuity of Malay cultural values, strengthening social relations, and strengthening regional identity. "puking bumbu tawar" serves not only as a traditional ritual but also as a medium for transmitting cultural values, a means of character education, and strengthening the identity of the Lingga Malay community amidst the tide of modernization.