Santhet (Jurnal Sejarah Pendidikan Dan Humaniora)
Jurnal Santhet (e-ISSN: 2541-6130 Cetak ISSN 2541-2523) diterbitkan oleh Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, dan terbit enam kali setahun pada bulan Februari, April, Juni, Agustus, Oktober, dan Desember mulai tahun 2025. Sebelumnya, terbit dua kali setahun. Jurnal Santhet mencakup semua bidang dan periode dalam Pendidikan, Pendidikan Sejarah, Sejarah Indonesia, dan Humaniora, membahas semua aspek sejarah, termasuk ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan politik. Semua pendekatan sejarah juga diterima. Jurnal ini menerima berbagai format, termasuk artikel dari forum ilmiah, esai ulasan, dan edisi khusus. Editor juga menerima ulasan buku untuk dipublikasikan di bagian khusus publikasi. Artikel dapat ditulis untuk diserahkan dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Terindeks oleh Google Scolar. Jurnal Santhet (e-ISSN: 2541-6130 Print ISSN 2541-2523) is published by the History Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, and is published six times a year in February, April, June, August, October, and December starting in 2025. Previously, it was published twice a year. Jurnal Santhet covers all fields and periods in Education, History Education, Indonesian History, and Humanities, discussing all aspects of history, including economics, social, culture, and politics. All historical approaches are also welcomed. The journal accepts various formats, including articles from scientific forums, review essays, and special issues. The editor also accepts book reviews for publication in a special section of the publication. The articles can be written to be submitted in Indonesian and English. Indexed by Google Scolar.
Proram studi pendidikan Sejarah Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Social Support Scale Among University Students
Elevated levels of social support are not only instrumental in assisting university students with managing developmental stress but are also closely associated with their psychological well-being. However, within the Indonesian higher education context, the psychometric evaluation, particularly the construct validity and reliability of social support instruments remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess the construct validity and examine the factorial structure of a social support scale among Indonesian undergraduate students. Utilizing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), data from 145 participants were analyzed to evaluate the model fit and factor structure. Initial analysis indicated that, although the hypothesized three-factor model exhibited substantial item loadings, its overall model fit did not meet acceptable thresholds, suggesting a need for refinement. Subsequent CFA of the revised model confirmed an improved fit to the empirical data. Ultimately, only seven items demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties in this student population. These results offer valuable implications for improving both assessment practices and the quality of counseling services within university settings.
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From Common Sense to Reflective Realism "A Dialectical Study of Thomas Reid's Philosophy"
This study explores Thomas Reid’s philosophy of common sense as a response to the epistemological crisis of the Enlightenment era, marked by skepticism and idealism. Through a dialectical approach, the research examines Reid’s concepts of first principles, direct realism, and moral sense, highlighting their role in restoring trust in reality and moral responsibility. The analysis employs hermeneutic and constructive-dialectical methods to critically assess Reid’s position and its limitations, particularly regarding claims of universality and cultural neutrality. The findings propose a reinterpretation of Reid’s thought into reflective realism and dialogical morality, emphasizing the need for epistemic trust combined with critical openness and ethical dialogue in pluralistic societies. This synthesis offers significant implications for contemporary philosophy of science and ethics, especially in addressing challenges of post-truth and relativism. Reid’s philosophy, when read reflectively, becomes not only a defense of rationality but also a call for intellectual honesty and moral responsibility in navigating modern complexity
THE POLITICAL IMPACT OF PRESIDENT SOEHARTO'S SPEECH AT THE ABRI LEADERSHIP MEETING ON 27 MARCH 1980
This research is entitled "The Political Impact of President Soeharto's Speech at the ABRI Leadership Meeting on 27 March 1980."The president's speech at the ABRI Leadership Meeting was used by Soeharto to carry out political control and civil repression against his political opponents.The objectives of this research are: 1) to describe the political situation in Indonesia in the 1980s, 2) to examine the content of President Soeharto's speech delivered on 27 March 1980, and 3) to analyze the political impacts arising from President Soeharto's speech on 27 March 1980. This research is a historical study and employs heuristics, source criticism (verification), external and internal criticism, interpretation, and presentation (historiography). The results of this research indicate that public trust in the government began to decline in 1980. President Soeharto's speech on 27 March 1980 represented an attempt to attack his political opponents. The address also signaled that the Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI) and Pepabri (Indonesian National Armed Forces) should support Golkar in the election. The speech provoked strong opposition from various elements of society; the most vocal critics were the Petition 50 Group, which issued a Statetement of Concern criticizing President Soeharto.
Empowerment of the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency as Pillars of Soldier Welfare
This study aims to explain the role of empowering the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency in achieving soldier welfare to support national development. One indicator of soldier welfare is the fulfillment of housing needs, which aligns with national development goals. As integral organizations of the Indonesian Army, the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency are mandated to manage and optimize Compulsory Housing Savings and Home Ownership Loans for soldiers. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analysis approach. Primary data were collected through observations and interviews with key informants, while secondary data were gathered from relevant documentation and archives. Data collection techniques included observations, interviews, documentation, and literature review. Qualitative data analysis was performed through descriptive presentation to draw conclusions about the studied phenomena. The research subjects include the Chief of Army Staff, Chief of Army Personnel Staff, Director of Army Finance, and Head of the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency.The results indicate that empowering the Directorate of Army Finance and the Army Compulsory Housing Savings Management Agency plays a significant role in overcoming obstacles and providing alternative solutions in managing Home Ownership Loans through collaboration with banks and developers, making this empowerment an integral part of national development undertaken by the Indonesian Army. Future opportunities include efforts to develop independent management of Compulsory Housing Savings and Home Ownership Loans, including establishing an internal financial institution. This empowerment is expected to strengthen soldier welfare through personal home ownership, in alignment with national development goals.
Development of a Project-Based Learning Module for Indonesian Cake and Pastry Products to Improve Creativity and Critical Thinking Skills of Wira Harapan Vocational School Students
The purpose of this research is to produce a project-based learning module of Indonesian Cake and Cake Products (PCKI) in accordance with the Vocational High School (SMK) curriculum that is valid, practical and effective to improve students' critical thinking skills in learning Indonesian cake and cake products (PCKI). This research uses development (R&D), to produce new products or improve existing products using the ADDIE development model. The research subjects were one content expert and a linguist for the validity test, one teacher and 6 students for the practicality test and the study group for the effectiveness test. The instruments used in this study are content and language validity tests, practicality test instruments, and effectiveness test instruments in the form of tests to increase students' creativity and critical thinking. The data collection techniques used are through observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. Based on the calculation carried out with the Aiken formula in the assessment of content validity based on content feasibility, presentation feasibility, language useability, and media feasibility, it shows that the Aiken index in the "very valid" category is 73.53% (25 out of 34 statements) and the Aiken index in the "valid" category is 24.47% (9 out of 34 statements). Overall, the Aiken index showed a score of 0.897 in the "Valid" category, thus the instruments used to assess the validity of content based on content eligibility, presentation eligibility, language eligibility, and media eligibility, can be used to accurately measure. Based on the results of the analysis of the practicality test data above, it can be seen that the average score of practicality by teachers and students is 4.7 and 4.88 respectively with very good qualifications. This means that the Project-based Learning (PjBL) module produced in this study is practical to use. Based on the test using the Gregory formula, the results of the validity of the content above showed excellent results with a VI value of more than 90%, thus the entire instrument (questionnaire) for measuring creativity and critical thinking ability can be used without revision. The results of the normality test above showed a significance value of > 0.05 from each variable measured, namely in the creativity pretest, creativity posttest, critical thinking ability pretest, and critical thinking ability posttest. With these results, it can be concluded that all the measured variables have been distributed normally. Based on the results of the t-test carried out above, it can be said that the significance value for the creativity pretest and creativity posttest shows a significance value of < 0.05, thus it can be stated that with the teaching module developed it is effective in increasing creativity. Furthermore, the significance value for the creativity pretest and posttest of critical thinking ability shows a significance value of < 0.05, thus it can be stated that the developed teaching module is effective in improving critical thinking skills.
Social Construction of Muslim Youth towards Chinese Culture Through the Kimsin Makco Parade, Sembahyang Rebutan, and Barongsai in Soditan Village, Lasem District, Rembang Regency
This study aims to understand the dynamics of Muslim adolescents in Soditan Village constructing their views and attitudes toward Chinese cultural practices, particularly the Kirab Kimsin Makco, Sembahyang Rebutan, and Barongsai, through a qualitative phenomenological approach. The analysis was conducted through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results show that adolescents' understanding is not singular, but rather formed from direct experience, family dialogue, advice from religious leaders, and historical narratives of cultural figures. Their interactions with Chinese culture are directed. They participate as spectators, volunteers, or supporters of events, but consistently maintain the boundary between social participation and the realm of religious ritual. Ultimately, the resulting social construction reflects a pattern of active tolerance, where religious identity is maintained without creating social distance from the Chinese community. These findings suggest that harmony in Soditan is not a spontaneous outcome, but rather the product of value negotiations between families, religious institutions, and cultural authorities that are continuously reproduced in the daily lives of adolescents.
ACCULTURATION OF ISLAMIC CULTURE AND TRADITIONS OF THE BASAP DAYAK TRIBE IN THE BUFFER ZONE OF THE NATIONAL CAPITAL CITY (IKN) OF EAST KALIMANTAN
Acculturation of Islamic Culture and Traditions of the Basap Dayak Tribe in the Buffer Zone of the National Capital City (IKN) of East Kalimantan. This research aims to analyze the background of the Dayak Basap tribe in East Kutai. Apart from that, this research also reveals the social and economic life of the Dayak Basap tribe and how unique it is for them to live in an environment that is predominantly non-Muslim. The type of research carried out is qualitative research with historical methods. This research aims to analyze the history of the Dayak Basap tribe. This is interesting because the majority of the Dayak tribe adhere to Christianity and Catholicism, but the Dayak Basap tribe is predominantly Muslim. Another thing studied is their socio-economic life. The data collection techniques used are techniques usually used in qualitative research methodology consisting of (observation, interviews, documentation and library research), source criticism. The approach used is Apart from that, the interview guide is also used as an instrument to facilitate data collection in the form of explanations from respondents who are interviewed and are considered competent in their fields.
PROFILE OF PEER INTERACTION IN CLASS XI AT SMAN 9 SIJUNJUNG
This research is motivated by the lack of ability to interact between peers. The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of peer interaction as seen from: 1) Imitation factors. 2) Suggestion factors. 3) Identification factors. 4) The sympathy factor. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research. The population in this study is 103 students. The sample of this study amounted to 103 students. Sampling uses the total sampling technique. The instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire, and analyzed using the percentage technique.
Exploring Nietzsche's Philosophical Idea on Nihilism: “The Question of the Essence of Morality in Humanizing Humans”
This article discusses a critical analysis of Friedrich Nietzsche's thought by highlighting the main issues related to the foundations of nihilism and the relevance of two of his central ideas, namely the will to power and the Übermensch, as an effort to overcome the collapse of traditional values. The research uses a qualitative approach with a subjectivism-humanities paradigm through a literature study of Nietzsche's works, especially Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Will to Power, as well as secondary studies from philosophers and historians of thought. The analytical method is carried out through textual hermeneutics to interpret Nietzsche's aphorisms that are unsystematic but full of philosophical meaning. The results of the study show that Nietzsche's nihilism is not merely a rejection of values, but a diagnosis of the crisis of modern culture that has lost its foundation of meaning; in this context, the will to power functions as a creative human drive to overcome old moral determinations, while the Übermensch becomes an ideal concept of humans who are capable of creating values ​​autonomously. These findings confirm that Nietzsche's thought makes a significant contribution to the development of contemporary philosophy through a rereading of values, freedom, and human existence
Quality Management of Islamic Education from the Perspective of the Qur’an and Hadith
The world of education continues to face challenges, including constantly changing curricula, low teacher quality, stagnant teacher welfare, low student competency, and many others. The general causes of the low quality of education in Indonesia include issues of effectiveness, efficiency, and standardization of teaching. Public interest in quality Islamic educational institutions is growing. Reality shows that quality educational institutions are increasingly sought after by the public, even though access to them requires higher costs. The growth of quality Islamic schools is increasing, such as Integrated Islamic Schools, Islamic Boarding Schools, and Islamic Nature Schools. This growth presents an opportunity for Islamic education to grow and attract more public attention, naturally by improving the quality of education and institutions. The increasing public interest in sending their children to Islamic schools or Islamic educational institutions is undoubtedly due to the quality of the schools. Islamic schools or educational institutions must be able to build and maintain quality within their management systems. Improving the quality of educational institutions also needs to be driven by Islamic thought, grounded in the Qur'an and Hadith. Quality management is a crucial aspect in improving the quality of Islamic educational management by implementing Total Quality Management (TQM). Through an in-depth study, the author aims to demonstrate how the Qur'an and Hadith view quality management, or the quality management of Islamic education, within an Islamic educational institution. This study explores how good quality management aligns with the Qur'an and Hadith. Quality management is expected to improve the quality of managerial practices and build a more relevant, adaptive, and meaningful education system for society.
The Impact of Effectiveness of Electronic Dossier-Based Personnel Information Systems and IT Infrastructure Readiness in Enhancing the Quality of Personnel Services in the Indonesian Army
Digital transformation in personnel administration management is an urgent need for military institutions such as the Indonesian Army (TNI AD). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Electronic Personnel File Information System Application (SIAP Dosel) in improving the quality of personnel management in Ditajenad and analyze the readiness of Information Technology (IT) infrastructure and human resources (HR) supporting its implementation. The research method used is quantitative, with a survey approach involving 63 respondents from various Army units. The data were analyzed using regression analysis techniques to examine the relationship between the effectiveness of SIAP Dosel, IT infrastructure readiness, and HR readiness on the quality of personnel administration services. The results indicate that the effectiveness of SIAP Dosel, IT infrastructure readiness, and HR readiness positively and significantly affect the improvement of personnel administration service quality. The study concludes that optimizing SIAP Dosel, supported by adequate IT infrastructure and trained HR, can accelerate administrative processes, enhance data accuracy, and facilitate better decision-making within the Indonesian Army.
Strengthening History Education in Building Generation Z's Nationalism: A Humanities and Digital Learning Perspective
This study aims to analyze the role of humanities-based history education and the effectiveness of digital learning in fostering nationalism and historical awareness among Generation Z in the digital age. The background of this study is based on the need to transform history learning to make it more relevant, interactive, and meaningful for digital natives. The research method used a comparative literature study of various scientific articles, research reports, and empirical studies related to humanistic history learning and digital technology. The analysis was conducted by examining the main findings regarding the humanities perspective, digital learning design, and the relationship between the two in shaping national identity. The results show that the integration of the humanities and digital learning has been proven to increase historical empathy, critical thinking skills, and student engagement through immersive and contextual learning experiences. Furthermore, this approach strengthens Generation Z's nationalism in a reflective, inclusive, and value-based manner, as long as it is supported by competent teachers, ethical content curation, and equitable access to technology.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE LDII ORGANIZATION IN PALEMBANG CITY (2001–2022): A SOCIAL-HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE
This study analyzes the development of the Indonesian Islamic Propagation Institute (LDII) in Palembang City during the period 2001–2022 from a social history perspective. The study uses a qualitative approach with historical research methods through data collection from interviews, documentation, and observation. The analysis focuses on changes in organizational structure, religious roles, social roles, and economic empowerment. The results show that the development of LDII has been gradual and adaptive. In the period 2001–2005, LDII focused on organizational consolidation and internal development. The period 2006–2015 was marked by the strengthening of structures and the expansion of social roles. Furthermore, in the 2016–2022 period, LDII underwent modernization and digitalization in organizational management, da'wah, and economic empowerment. This study concludes that LDII is able to adapt to social and technological changes and play an active role in the life of the people of Palembang City.
Empowerment of The Military In The Use of Drone Defense Equipment to Increase Readiness For Military Operations
This Study Analyzes the Role of The Regional Military Command Training Regiment (Rindam) Jaya in The Utilization Of Drone Weapon Systems (Alutsista) To Enhance The Operational Readiness Of The Indonesian Army. With Technological Advancements, Drones Have Become Essential Components in Modern Defense Strategies, Enabling More Effective Surveillance and Strikes on The Battlefield. Rindam Jaya Is Responsible for Training Soldiers in Drone Operation, Maintenance, And Tactical Utilization, Ranging from Micro Uavs for Short-Range Surveillance to High-Altitude Long-Endurance (HALE) Uavs for Strategic National Missions. The Integration of Drones into Military Training Includes Realistic Battlefield Simulations, Preparing Soldiers for Quick Responses in Various Dynamic Scenarios. This Study Employs a Qualitative Approach, Collecting Data Through Interviews and Literature Related to Drone Technology and Military Training. The Findings Show That Rindam Plays a Impotant Role in Ensuring the Technical and Tactical Readiness of Soldiers; However, Challenges Include Limited Training Facilities and The Need for Collaboration With The Defense Industry to Develop Domestic Technology. The Study Concludes That Ongoing Adaptation to Technological Advancements and Comprehensive Training Program Enhancements Are Essential for Rindam to Support the Indonesian Army's Operational Readiness In Facing Future Threats. This Research Aims to Contribute to National Defense Policy and Strengthen Indonesia's Military Readiness.
NATURAL DYEING OF WOVEN FABRICS BY THE BADUY INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY: A STUDY OF CULTURAL CONSERVATION BEHAVIOR AND MODIFICATION
The purpose of this study is to examine the cultural conservation practices of the Baduy Indigenous people and the changes they make in an attempt to preserve natural Tenun dyes. This study's methodology is qualitative and interdisciplinary, specifically cultural, and incorporates a number of ideas, including cultural conservation, conservation behavior, and adaptation. Interviews, literature reviews, and documentation served as the primary and secondary sources of the research data. According to the study's findings, the Baduy Indigenous group can gain economically and in terms of the preservation of natural biological resources by modifying natural colors. Furthermore, the community that has been successful in identifying plants with high economic potential in the Baduy environment undoubtedly benefits economically, and the benefits of conservation of natural resources include the preservation of a particular species and its habitat, which prevents damage from outside communities and tends to be beneficial and empowering for the Baduy community itself, as well as the sustainability of Baduy culture.
Application of the Project Based Learning Model to Students' Creativity and Learning Motivation at SMK Pratama Widya Mandala Badung
Vocational education has a strategic role in preparing competent human resources in accordance with the needs of the industry. However, challenges such as low creativity and student learning motivation are still often found, so a learning model is needed that can stimulate engagement and high-level thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the influence of the application of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model on the creativity and learning motivation of grade X students at SMK Pratama Widya Mandala Badung. The research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design through pre-test and post-test measurements. The research sample amounted to 40 students who were selected using purposive sampling techniques. The creativity instrument is compiled based on the Torrance Creative Thinking indicator, while the motivation instrument refers to the MSLQ framework. Data analysis was carried out using the Paired Sample t-Test. The results showed a significant increase in creativity (t = -4,531; p = 0.000) and student learning motivation (t = -4,239; p = 0.000) after the implementation of PjBL. The effect size value showed a medium-large category (creativity d = 0.716; motivation d = 0.670), which indicates that PjBL not only has statistical significance, but also has a practical impact on the improvement of both variables. Thus, PjBL has proven to be an effective learning model in increasing the creativity and learning motivation of vocational students. This study recommends the sustainable implementation of PjBL as well as further investigation of the long-term effects and context of its implementation.