AGRARIAN CONFLICT OVER LAND OF PT. INDONESIAN RAILWAYS IN LANGKAT: AN  ANALYSIS OF POSITIVE LAW AND ISLAMIC LAW

Ahmad Faruqi; Dhiauddin Tanjung; Hasan Matsum

doi:10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i3.6104

Authors

Ahmad Faruqi Pascasarjana Hukum Islam, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Dhiauddin Tanjung Pascasarjana Hukum Islam, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
Hasan Matsum Pascasarjana Hukum Islam, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i3.6104

Abstract

The issue of land use by PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) in Langkat Regency from the perspective of positive law and Islamic law. The main problem lies in the widespread use of land owned by PT. KAI by the community without legal permission, which has led to conflicts over land ownership and control. From the perspective of positive law, this study examines the legal basis for PT. KAI's ownership of the land under Law No. 5 of 1960 on the Basic Principles of Agrarian Law (UUPA), Law No. 23 of 2007 on Railways, and Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Regulation No.PER-13/MBU/09/2014 on Guidelines for the Management of State-Owned Enterprises' Fixed Assets. These provisions affirm that land assets owned by PT. KAI are part of the state's wealth, managed professionally, and protected by law. This study employs a normative and empirical approach. The normative approach is used to analyze the legal provisions governing the status and management of land, while the empirical approach is conducted through field studies and interviews to uncover the social dynamics and actual practices of land utilization. The normative approach is used to examine the legal provisions governing the status and management of land, while the empirical approach is conducted through field studies and interviews to uncover the social dynamics and actual practices of land utilization. The analysis revealed that weak supervision and the absence of an effective social approach have led to many residents unlawfully occupying or utilizing land. From an Islamic legal perspective, such actions From an Islamic legal perspective, such actions contradict the principles of al-amanah (trust), al-milkiyyah (property rights), and ‘adalah (justice), and are inconsistent with the concept of tasarruf which requires that the right to utilize land be exercised lawfully and without harming others. This study recommends the enforcement of strict yet humane laws by PT. KAI, accompanied by mediation and consultation with the community. Harmonization between positive law and Islamic legal values Harmonization between legal and Islamic legal values needs to be strengthened to create fair, sustainable, and humanitarian resolutions to agrarian conflicts.

References

Adipka, A., Sugiyanta, I. G., & Nugraheni, I. L. (2018). Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan Persawahan di Kota Metro Antara Tahun 2000-2015. Jurnal Penelitian Geografi (JPG), 6(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.23960/JPG.V6I4.15307

Ardani, M. N. (2020). Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Ditinjau dari Penyelenggaraan Pangan (Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan). Law, Development and Justice Review, 3(2), 257–274. https://doi.org/10.14710/ldjr.v3i2.10067

Arrasyid, F., Pagar, P., & Tanjung, D. (2024). Islamic Family Law Reform in Indonesia Through Supreme Court Circulars: A Maqasid Sharia Perspective. Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Dan Penelitian Hukum Islam, 6(2), 208. https://doi.org/10.30659/jua.v6i2.29236

Aulia, K. N., Lestari, A., Latief, L. M., & Fajarwati, N. K. (2024). Kepastian Hukum dan Keadilan Hukum dalam Pandangan Ilmu Komunikasi. JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH, 2(1), 713–724. https://doi.org/10.61722/JSSR.V2I1.1006

Ayunanda, L., Lidya M, B., Intania P, S., & Saputra, D. A. (2024). Konsep Kepemilikan Hak atas Tanah Menurut Perspektif Hukum Adat dan Hukum Islam di Indonesia. Journal Customary Law, 1(2), 10. https://doi.org/10.47134/jcl.v1i2.2457

Azharuddin, A., & Tanjung, D. (2022). Pembaharuan Hukum Islam di Indonesia : Studi Pemikiran Hazairin. Mediasas: Media Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah, 5(2), 163–175. https://journal.staisar.ac.id/index.php/mediasas/article/view/19

Bachtiar. (2019). Metode Penelitian Hukum. UNPAM Press.

Chandra, R. Y., Santi, I. G., & Prasetyo, A. B. (2017). Kekuatan Hukum Grondkaart Milik PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Studi Kasus Penguasaan Tanah di Kelurahan Tanjung Mas Kota Semarang). Diponegoro Law Journal, 6(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.14710/DLJ.2017.17381

Harahap, S. K., & Tanjung, D. (2022). Sistem Akad Transaksi Jual Beli Online Dropshipping Perspektif Maqashid Syari’ah. HUMAN FALAH: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Islam, 9(2), 46. https://doi.org/10.30829/hf.v9i2.11840

Harun, I. A. (2022). Implementasi Konsep Maslahah Mursalah dalam Ekonomi Islam Menurut Tokoh Islam dan Jumhur Ulama. JURNAL ECONOMINA, 1(3), 563–577. https://doi.org/10.55681/economina.v1i3.132

Herlambang, P. H. (2019). Positivisme dan Implikasinya terhadap Ilmu dan Penegakan Hukum. Indonesian State Law Review (ISLRev), 2(1), 336–342. https://doi.org/10.15294/islrev.v2i1.36187

Hikam, S., & Khasanah, K. (2023). Prinsip Maslahah dalam Penyelenggaraan Bidang Jaminan Produk Halal. El Hisbah Journal of Islamic Economic Law, 3(2), 145–160. https://doi.org/10.28918/elhisbah.v3i2.1135

Iffan, A., Raihana, R., & Asrizal, A. (2019). Analisis Yuridis Pengaturan Pembagian Wilayah Zee dan Landas Kontinen di Selat Malaka Menurut United Nation Convention on The Law of (Unclos) 1982 dan Hukum Nasional. Jurnal Cahaya Keadilan, 7(2), 302–320. https://doi.org/10.33884/jck.v7i2.1362

Karini, E. (2021). Kedudukan Grondkaart sebagai Bukti Penguasaan Tanah (Studi di PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Kantor Devisi Regional IV Tanjung Karang). Jurnal Kepastian Hukum Dan Keadilan, 2(2), 11. https://doi.org/10.32502/khdk.v2i2.3456

Kudaedah, N. A. (2020). Maslahah Menurut Konsep Al-Ghazali. DIKTUM: Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum, 18(1), 118–128. https://doi.org/10.35905/diktum.v18i1.663

Lukman, Z. (2024). Pemanfaatan Lahan Milik PT. Kereta Api Indonesia oleh Masyarakat Sukamakmur dalam Perspektif Milk Al-Daulah (Studi tentang Legalitas Pemanfaatan Lahan Milik Negara). Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry.

Masrohatin, S., Khairinnisa, R., & Lestari, R. T. A. (2024). Optimalisasi dalam Melakukan Penagihan Sewa Aset di PT. Kereta Api Indonesia Daop 9 Jember dan Dampaknya dari Penyewaan Tersebut Bagi Perusahaan. Jurnal Gembira: Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(01), 164–169. https://gembirapkm.my.id/index.php/jurnal/article/view/398

Megawati, D. P. (2022). Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Status Hak Milik atas Tanah dalam UU No. 5 Tahun 1960. Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 3(2), 311–325.

Mubarok, R., Widyasamratri, H., & Budi, S. P. (2022). Analisis Perubahan Lahan Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Mijen Kota Semarang, Kota Malang, dan Bali. Jurnal Kajian Ruang, 2(2), 204. https://doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v2i2.26533

Muhammad, A. (2024). Hukum dan Penelitian Hukum. Citra Aditya.

Mursidi Agus, Dhalia Soetopo, Peluang Ekonomi Kreatif Berbasis Budaya Lokal di Banyuwangi: Peluang Ekonomi Kreatif Berbasis Budaya Lokal di Banyuwangi. JATI EMAS (Jurnal Aplikasi Teknik dan Pengabdian Masyarakat). Vol.9 no.2 pp 39-46. https://doi.org/10.12345/je.v9i2.278

Pratiwi, A., Safitri, D. E., Artika, L. W., & Zahra, D. L. (2023). Pendampingan Penerapan Sistem Informasi Akuntasi pada Proses Pembuatan Kontrak Sewa Aset PT Kereta Api Indonesia (persero) DAOP 9 Jember. Penamas: Journal of Community Service, 3(1), 51–57. https://doi.org/10.53088/penamas.v3i1.604

Rumondang, R., Lubis, M. Y., Sembiring, R., & Lubis, A. R. (2024). Kajian Yuridis Pengelolaan Barang Milik Negara (BMN) terhadap Pemanfaatan Aset Tanah Badan Usaha Milik Negara (Bumn) pada PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Lintas Jalur Rel Kereta Api Perbaungan – Tebing Tinggi. Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), 2(8), 3031–5220. https://doi.org/10.62281/V2I8.726

Silvia, I. (2020). Konflik Pertanahan antara PT KAI Daop VII Madiun dengan Paguyuban Kampung Kongan di Pare Kabupaten Kediri. Universitas Airlangga.

Teguh, S. I. (2020). Penertiban Tanah Milik Pt. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Divisi Regional II Sumatera Barat yang Dikuasai Masyarakat. Universitas Andalas.

Yolanda, N., Fendri, A., & Delfianti. (2025). Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Pemanfaatan Tanah Grondkart PT Kereta Api Indonesia (PERSERO) dengan Masyarakat di Batu Palano Sungai Pua. UNES Law Review, 7(3), 1162–1174. https://doi.org/10.31933/UNESREV.V7I3.2385