SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL
Jurnal sosioedukasi (e-ISSN: 2541-612X, Print ISSN 2086-6135) diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, diterbitkan dua kali setahun pada bulan mei dan november. fokus Scientific Journals of Education and Social. dan pertahun 2025 menjadi 4 kali terbitan yaitu Maret, Juni, Septeber dan Desember. Jurnal sosioedukasi mencakup semua bidang dan periode dalam Pendidikan dan sosial, yang membahas semua aspek pendidikan termasuk ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan politik dan hukum. Semua pendekatan bisa di terima. Jurnal ini menerima berbagai format termasuk artikel dari forum ilmiah, esai ulasan, dan masalah khusus. Editor juga menerima ulasan buku untuk diterbitkan di bagian khusus dari publikasi. Artikel-artikel tersebut dapat ditulis untuk disampaikan dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris.
Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universaitas PGRI Banyuwangi
SILIH ASAH, SILIH ASIH, AND SILIH ASUH VALUES IN DEVELOPING ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ SOCIAL ETHICS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
This systematic literature review examines the implementation of Sundanese philosophical values "Silih Asah, Silih Asih, Silih Asuh" in developing social ethics in elementary schools. The study analyzes 40 relevant articles from Sinta 2 and Scopus-indexed journals published between 2022-2025. Using the PRISMA framework, this review identifies key themes, implementation strategies, and outcomes of integrating local wisdom into elementary education. Results show that these values significantly enhance students' social competence, empathy, and collaborative skills. The findings suggest that incorporating indigenous philosophical values into school curricula can effectively bridge cultural preservation with modern educational goals.
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MANAGEMENT OF STRENGTHENING STUDENTS' CHARACTER EDUCATION IN SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING AT SD NEGERI 23 HALMAHERA WAT
This study aims to find out how to manage the strengthening of students' character education in Social Science (IPS) learning at SD Negeri 23 West Halmahera. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The research informants consisted of school principals, social studies teachers, and several students as supporting sources of information. The results of the study show that the management of strengthening character education is carried out through several stages, namely planning, implementation, and evaluation. Principals and teachers actively design learning strategies that integrate character values, such as honesty, discipline, responsibility, and cooperation, into every social studies learning activity. The implementation of learning is carried out with a variety of methods, including group discussions, simulations, and case studies, so that students can understand character values contextually. Character education evaluation is carried out through observation of student behavior, teacher reflection, and assessment of learning outcomes. Supporting factors for the success of character education management include the commitment of teachers and principals, facility support, and cooperation with parents. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include limited time, large number of students, and inadequate learning facilities. The conclusion of this study shows that the management of strengthening character education at SD Negeri 23 West Halmahera runs systematically and effectively, despite several obstacles. The integration of character education in social studies learning is able to form students who are disciplined, responsible, and have good social skills.
OPTIMISATION OF AVIATION HUMAN RESOURCES: THE ROLE OF TRAINING, DISCIPLINE AND JOB SATISFACTION IN ENSURING FLIGHT SAFETY
Commercial aviation has experienced significant growth in recent years; in 2024, passenger growth reached 54.76 million. This is inseparable from supporting factors such as aviation security, where Aviation Security personnel serve as a strategic element responsible for flight safety. However, the performance of Aviation Security personnel at Terminal 3 still faces obstacles. Field phenomena indicate low work discipline with an average lateness rate of 35.83% and a competency urgency where 96% of personnel require additional training. Additionally, a pre- research survey revealed a job satisfaction level of 76% and performance realization of 68%, both still below the management standard of 90%. The objective of this study is to analyze the factors influencing the performance of these Avsec personnel, specifically at Terminal 3 of Soekarno-Hatta Airport. The sample consists of 200 respondents determined using a saturated sampling technique, focusing on Aviation Security personnel assigned to Security Check Point 2. Data collection utilized an online questionnaire instrument. Data analysis was undertaken employing SEM-PLS 4. On the basis of the analytical outcomes, it may be adduced that, with respect to direct effects, training exerts a positive and statistically significant influence on performance, whereas work discipline does not manifest a positive effect on performance. Nonetheless, in regard to indirect effects, both training and work discipline evince a positive and significant influence on the performance of Aviation Security personnel when their effects are channelled through the mediating construct of job satisfaction. The research implications suggest that increased training activities, work discipline behavior, and job satisfaction impact performance, thereby enhancing the performance of Aviation Security personnel as the front line of aviation security operations.
PUBLIC AFFECTIVE RESPONSES TOWARD THE FREE NUTRITIOUS MEALS POLICY (MAKAN BERGIZI GRATIS/MBG): EVIDENCE FROM CENTRAL KALIMANTAN
This study examines public affective responses toward the implementation of the Free Nutritious Meal Program (MBG) in Central Kalimantan following Indonesia’s 2024 presidential election. While MBG was promoted as a flagship welfare policy aimed at improving child nutrition and reducing household burdens, its post-election implementation generated mixed public reactions. Drawing on Affective Intelligence Theory, this research analyzes how emotions such as enthusiasm, anxiety, and anger shape citizens’ evaluations of welfare policy beyond rational assessments of performance. Employing a mixed-methods design, the study integrates survey data from 50 respondents with in-depth interviews involving 10 informants. Quantitative data capture patterns of affective response and perceived policy quality, while qualitative data provide contextual insight into lived experiences with MBG implementation. The findings reveal that public support for MBG remains present but conditional. Enthusiasm toward the program’s objectives coexists with significant anxiety related to food safety, nutritional adequacy, and program sustainability, as well as situational anger directed at implementation failures rather than at the policy idea itself. These results demonstrate that public responses to welfare policy in a politically supportive region are emotionally complex and evaluative. Anxiety functions as a trigger for critical engagement and information-seeking behavior, while anger reflects demands for accountability rather than outright rejection. The study contributes to the literature on political emotions and public policy by highlighting the importance of affective dynamics in post-electoral governance and by extending the application of Affective Intelligence Theory to the analysis of welfare policy implementation in Indonesia.
ACADEMIC SUPERVISION AND TEACHERS’ PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF PRINCIPAL PRACTICE IN AN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
This study aims to examine the implementation of academic supervision conducted by the principal in improving teachers’ pedagogical competence at SD Negeri Jombor, Jumo District. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to explore the planning, implementation, follow-up, and impact of academic supervision on teachers’ pedagogical practices. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis involving the principal and teachers. The data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that academic supervision has been implemented through structured planning and classroom observation; however, it has not been carried out optimally due to limited time, uneven supervision frequency, and the absence of systematic follow-up programs. Academic supervision contributes positively to improving teachers’ pedagogical competence, particularly in lesson planning and instructional implementation, although improvements in student-centered learning and assessment practices remain limited. The study highlights the importance of needs-based, collaborative, and continuous academic supervision to enhance teachers’ pedagogical competence effectively.
THE INFLUENCE OF BRAND IMAGE AND DISCOUNT GIVING ON SHOPEE FOOD CUSTOMER LOYALTY WITH CUSTOMER TRUST AS A MEDIATING VARIABLE
This study aims to analyze the influence of brand image and discounts on Shopee Food customer loyalty, with customer trust as a mediating variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The population in this study were all active customers using Shopee Food services. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 150 respondents. Data were measured using a Likert scale of 1-5 ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Data analysis used Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that brand image has a positive and significant effect on customer trust and customer loyalty. Discounts have been shown to have a significant effect on customer trust and customer loyalty, although their direct effect on loyalty is smaller than other variables. Customer trust has the most dominant influence on customer loyalty. Customer trust has been shown to mediate the relationship between brand image and discounts with customer loyalty. These findings provide theoretical contributions to the development of consumer behavior science in the digital era and provide practical input for Shopee Food in designing effective marketing strategies by strengthening brand image, providing relevant discounts, and increasing customer trust.
THE PIVOTAL ROLE OF NOTARIES/PPAT IN THE PROTECTION OF PROTECTED RICE FIELD LAND
The conversion of agricultural land is not a new issue. It is caused by population growth and economic development, which require infrastructure development in the form of roads, industrial buildings, and settlements that require land availability. The conversion of agricultural land is natural, but it can become a problem because it can reduce the amount of productive agricultural land. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of the Law on the Conversion of Protected Rice Fields into Non-Agricultural Land for Settlement or Housing and the role of Notaries/PPATs in relation to Protected Rice Fields in the Conversion of Land for Settlement or Housing. This study uses a normative juridical method. Legal materials are obtained through literature review. The analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study show that the conversion of protected rice fields to non-agricultural use that does not comply with regulations can have various legal consequences, ranging from administrative sanctions to criminal sanctions. Law enforcement in the conversion of protected rice fields needs to be carried out against perpetrators and officials who abuse their authority. Notaries/PPATs play an important role in preventing the conversion of rice fields to ensure that the authentic deeds made do not violate the law or regulations regarding protected rice fields.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL MATURITY AND RELIGIOSITY ON MARRIAGE READINESS IN FATHERLESS WOMEN
This study aims to examine the influence of emotional maturity and religiosity on the marriage readiness of fatherless women. The method used was quantitative using a purposive sampling technique totaling 104 respondents. Emotional maturity is measured by the Emotional Maturity Scale, religiosity is measured by the Centrality of religiosity Scale and marital readiness is measured by the Marital Readiness Questionnaire scale. Data analysis used multiple linear regression. The results of the study tested three hypotheses, namely (1) there was a positive influence between emotional maturity on marriage readiness, sig.0.002(p<0.05), R2=0.091, (2) there was a positive influence between religiosity on marriage readiness, sig. 0.000(p<0.05),R2=0.280, (3) emotional maturity and religiosity together have a positive effect on marriage readiness, sig. 0.000(p<0.05) R2=0.324.The higher the emotional maturity and religiosity, the higher the readiness to marry fatherless women. The picture of marriage readiness based on the high fatherless category (inadequate father's involvement) showed low marriage readiness, while the medium category (inconsistent father's involvement) and the low category (adequate father's involvement) showed good marriage readiness.
ETHICS OF GADGET USE AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS: A REVIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MORAL PHILOSOPHY
The increase in gadget use among elementary school students is a phenomenon that is not only pedagogical and psychological in nature, but also has complex ethical implications. This article aims to examine the use of gadgets among elementary school children through a critical synthesis of various moral philosophy perspectives within the framework of technoethics, so that technology is not understood merely as a learning tool, but as an agent that shapes children's habits, social relationships, and value orientations. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method based on PRISMA standards on 22 scientific articles published in the last five years and sourced from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink databases. The analysis was conducted using a thematic approach to integrate empirical findings with the perspectives of deontological ethics, utilitarianism, virtue ethics, care ethics, discourse ethics, responsibility ethics, and family ethics. The results showed that unethical gadget use has the potential to reduce empathy, weaken social interaction, disrupt cognitive function, and hinder the formation of children's moral character. From a technological ethics perspective, these findings confirm that the effectiveness of educational technology cannot be separated from the moral responsibility of adults as technology controllers. This article concludes that the use of gadgets by elementary school students should be viewed as a moral practice that requires a normative and conceptual framework, not merely technical regulations, so that technology can contribute positively to the human and moral development of children.
ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION OF THE KUPANG CITY REGIONAL INFLATION CONTROL TEAM IN MAINTAINING INFLATION STABILITY
Regional inflation control requires cross-agency coordination that is not only structural in nature but also fundamentally communicative. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of organizational communication within the Regional Inflation Control Team (TPID) of Kupang City by examining differences in communication patterns between the policy formulation phase and the policy implementation phase. The research employs a Social Network Analysis (SNA) approach to map the communication structure among TPID actors, grounded in a structuralism paradigm. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of TPID meetings, and analysis of official documents. The findings reveal two distinct communication models: Model A, which is hierarchical and centralized during the policy meeting phase, and Model B, which is horizontal and collaborative during the policy implementation phase. These results underscore that organizational communication within TPID is dynamic and contextual, adapting to the specific policy function being carried out. This study contributes to the fields of organizational communication and public policy by demonstrating how communication operates as a working mechanism within cross-agency groups for regional inflation control.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST STREET CRIME (STUDY AT SOUTH TAPANULI POLICE)
Street crime is a form of crime that often occurs in public spaces and disturbs the community, such as theft, mugging and violence on the street. This research aims to analyze the law enforcement efforts carried out by the South Tapanuli Police (Polres) in dealing with street crime and identify factors that become obstacles in the law enforcement process. The research method used is an empirical juridical approach, with data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation studies. The results of the research show that the South Tapanuli Police have taken various preventive and repressive steps, such as routine patrols, outreach to the community, and taking action against criminals. However, there are still several obstacles such as limited personnel, lack of community participation, and lack of operational support facilities. Therefore, synergy is needed between the police, local government and the community to create conducive security conditions. It is hoped that this research can provide input in formulating more effective policies in eradicating street crime in the area.
REFORMULATION OF NOTARY PROTOCOL ARCHIVE STORAGE ARRANGEMENTS IN DIGITAL FORM
The rapid advancement of information and communication technology has significantly transformed various aspects of human activity, including the notarial profession. As a public official authorized to create authentic deeds, a notary is also responsible for maintaining the notarial protocol as legal evidence of every deed executed. However, the current archival system for notarial protocols in Indonesia remains largely manual and paper-based, leading to several challenges such as limited storage capacity, vulnerability to physical deterioration, and inefficiency in reporting and supervision processes. These conditions demonstrate the urgent need for reformulating the regulatory framework governing the storage of notarial protocols to align with digital transformation and the demands of modern legal administration. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the existing regulations on notarial protocol storage, evaluate the opportunities and challenges of digital archiving, and propose an appropriate reformulation aligned with Indonesia’s positive legal principles. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials include the Law on Notary Office (UUJN), the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). Secondary materials consist of literature, academic journals, and related research that support theoretical and practical analysis. The findings reveal that the current regulatory framework under the UUJN remains conventional and does not explicitly accommodate digital storage mechanisms. The digitalization of notarial protocols offers several advantages, such as efficient use of storage space, enhanced accessibility, faster reporting, and transparent supervision by the Notary Supervisory Council. Nevertheless, it also presents challenges, including data breach risks, authenticity verification issues, and unequal digital infrastructure across regions. To address these issues, this study recommends an integrative reformulation of the UUJN, UU ITE. Such reformulation should establish clear technical standards for digital storage, electronic supervision mechanisms, and strong data security through certified electronic signatures and national encryption systems. The implementation of these measures is expected to foster a modern, secure, and accountable notarial archival system that guarantees legal certainty and protection for society in the digital era.
THE ROLE OF MARITIME AND COMMERCIAL PILLARS: THE GLORY OF THE MAJAPAHIT KINGDOM IN 1350-1389
This study examines the important role of maritime power and trade in supporting the political and economic supremacy of the Majapahit Kingdom during the reign of Hayam Wuruk (1350–1389 AD). Using historical literature research methods, this study went through four stages, namely heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the study show that Majapahit successfully integrated a strong maritime defense system with a structured trade network. The kingdom strategically positioned its naval forces in various maritime zones and optimized river infrastructure, particularly the Brantas and Bengawan Solo rivers, to connect inland production areas with major ports such as Canggu, Tuban, Gresik, and Surabaya. Additionally, Majapahit applied the diplomatic principle of Mitreka Satata in establishing peaceful and stable relations with regional and inter-regional kingdoms, such as China, India, and Southeast Asian nations. This approach created a safe and profitable trading environment. As a result, Majapahit emerged as a dominant maritime and commercial power in the 14th century, demonstrating that the maritime and trade sectors were the cornerstone of the kingdom's prosperity
COLLABORATIVE GOVERNANCE OF SEDUDO WATERFALL TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The management of tourist destinations requires a governance pattern that involves various stakeholders so that it can run effectively and sustainably. Sedudo Waterfall Tourism in Nganjuk Regency is a natural tourist destination whose management involves local governments, village governments, and traditional leaders. The involvement of these various actors makes collaboration an important aspect in tourism management. This study aims to analyze the application of collaborative governance in the management of Sedudo Waterfall Tourism by focusing on initial conditions, institutional design, facilitative leadership, collaborative processes, and collaboration results. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach to understand the experience and dynamics of the interaction of the actors involved, and is supported by data analysis using NVivo 12 Pro. The results of the study show that collaboration has been relatively harmonious, but there is still an imbalance of authority and resources, especially between local governments and traditional leaders. These findings suggest that stronger institutional and regulatory design is needed to support sustainable tourism management from a public administration perspective.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FREE NUTRITIOUS FOOD PROGRAM AND THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION: AN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE IN INDONESIA
The Free Nutritious Meals (MBG) program is a strategic policy intervention designed to improve students' nutritional status, thereby supporting the quality of education in Indonesia. However, empirical evidence suggests that the impact of school meal programs on educational outcomes is not always direct or uniform, because these outcomes are influenced by various mediating and moderating factors. This article aims to synthesize scientific evidence on the implementation of the MBG and its implications for educational quality from an educational management perspective. This study uses a systematic qualitative review approach to empirical publications published between 2004 and 2025. Of the 266 documents identified through database searches and citation chains, the 50 most relevant articles were analyzed in depth using thematic analysis. The synthesis results indicate that MBG contributes to improvements in students' nutritional and health status, thereby enhancing prerequisites for learning, such as attendance, concentration, motivation, and class participation. The causal pathway from improved nutritional status to academic achievement is non-linear and is mediated by other factors, including the quality of teaching, the learning environment, and students' socio-economic conditions. The findings confirm that variations in MBG's impact across regions are primarily explained by differences in the quality of managerial implementation, cross-sectoral coordination capacity, sensitivity to the socio-cultural context, and the level of stakeholder engagement. This article proposes a conceptual model of MBG implementation in which implementation management directly influences both nutritional status and learning readiness, which act as mediators, while regional context and stakeholder engagement serve as moderators for these relationships. These findings contribute to the education policy literature by clarifying the mechanisms through which school feeding programs operate as educational management policies and as investments in human resource development.
APPLICATION OF CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN LAW NUMBER 41 OF 2014 CONCERNING ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND HEALTH (STUDY AT THE DELI SERDANG REGENCY AGRICULTURE OFFICE)
This research aims to analyze the application of criminal sanctions in Law Number 41 of 2014, which plays a crucial role in supporting national food security in the livestock and animal health sector. This law stipulates strict criminal sanctions for violations such as animal abuse, the slaughter of productive fe males, and the distribution of illegal animal products. However, its implementation in Deli Serdang Regency still faces obstacles, such as weak law enforcement, limited resources, and low public awareness. Based on these issues, the research questions are formulated as follows: First, are the criminal sanctions stipulated in Law Number 41 of 2014 effective in preventing violations in the animal health sector? Second, how are the criminal sanctions in Law Number 41 of 2014 concerning Livestock and Animal Health applied to violations in the livestock sector? And Third, what are the obstacles faced in the implementation of criminal sanctions in Law Number 41 of 2014, both in terms of law enforcement and socio-economic aspects of society? The method used in this study is empirical juridical with observation data collection, interviews and document studies, while data analysis uses descriptive analysis. This study found that although normatively Law No. 41/2014 regulates strict criminal sanctions (for example, Articles 86 and 87), its effectiveness in preventing violations in the field of animal health is not optimal. The application of criminal sanctions for violations in the livestock sector (for example, cultivation without a permit, use of non-standard feed, illegal slaughter) is also not consistent, often hampered by the complexity of technical and scientific evidence, as well as the tendency for case resolution to end in coaching or administrative sanctions. The main obstacles faced include the difficulty of proving technical criminal elements, limited human resource capacity (HR) of law enforcement officers in understanding aspects of livestock and animal health, lack of coordination between institutions, and limited facilities and infrastructure (for example, testing laboratories). From a socio-economic perspective, obstacles arise from low legal understanding and awareness among livestock businesses, particularly small-scale ones, as well as economic pressures that encourage them to ignore standards for the sake of profit.
PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF EMPATHY AMONG TYPICALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN IN A FULLY INCLUSIVE SCHOOL: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL
Inclusive education plays a strategic role in fostering social empathy among children, particularly non-special needs children who interact with peers with special needs. This study explores parents' perceptions of social empathy development in non-special needs children at Aluna Montessori Kindergarten Jakarta, which implements a full inclusion model. Employing a descriptive phenomenological approach, five parents were selected through purposive sampling as participants. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological procedure. Data validity was maintained through source triangulation and member checking with participants. Research findings indicate that daily interaction experiences within a fully inclusive environment facilitate the development of affective empathy, cognitive empathy, and prosocial behavior in non-special needs children. Children demonstrate spontaneous emotional responses, understanding of peers' varying needs, and attitudes of tolerance and acceptance toward diversity that become internalized both within school contexts and broader social settings. Findings underscore the significance of inclusive social experiences from early childhood periods in supporting authentic and sustainable social empathy formation in children.
Ethics Commerce and Justice Understanding Al- Ghazali's Views on Economics and Business
This study examines Imam Al-Ghazali's thoughts on economics and business ethics from an Islamic perspective. Using a qualitative approach based on literature, this study analyzes Al-Ghazali's main works such as Ihya ' Ulumuddin , al- Mustashfa , and relevant secondary literature. The results of the study indicate that Al-Ghazali emphasized the close relationship between economic activities and spiritual and moral values, where business is not only a means of obtaining worldly profits, but also an investment in the afterlife. He highlighted the concepts of maslahah , maqashid al- shari'ah , the hierarchy of human needs, social justice, and ethical principles in trade. Additionally, Al-Ghazali outlined the limits of profit, the the importance of wealth distribution, the prohibition of fraudulent practices, and the role of the state in creating a fair market. Al-Ghazali's thoughts have proven relevant to the challenges of the modern economy, particularly in building an ethical, sustainable, and welfare-oriented business system.
THE MEANING OF HAWĀ IN THE QUR'AN PERSPECTIVE OF TAFSIR FI ZHILALIL QUR'AN BY SAYYID QUTHB AND ITS RELEVANCE TO ADULTERY
This study examines the meaning of the word al-hawā in the Qur'an, the perspective of Tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur'an by Sayyid Quthb and its relevance to Adultery. The phrase al-hawā is one of the important terms in the Qur'an that has various meanings and moral implications in human life. In the Qur'an, al-hawā is not only understood as a desire or impulse of the soul, but also as an inner tendency that if not controlled can drag people to moral deviations, including adultery. This study aims to analyze Sayyid Quthb's interpretation of the pronunciation of al-hawā, understand its implications on human behavior, and explain its relevance to the phenomenon of Adultery in the moral and spiritual perspective of Islam. This research is a library research with a qualitative approach and thematic method (maudhu'i). The primary data source is Tafsir Fi Zhilalil Qur'an by Sayyid Quthb, while secondary data sources come from relevant tafsir books, books, and scientific literature. The data analysis technique was carried out through descriptive-analytical analysis of the verses of the Qur'an that contain the utterance of al-hawā. The results of the study show that Sayyid Quthb interprets al-hawā as the desire of the soul that tends to drive people to transgressions, acts beyond the limits, and disobedience. According to him, following the hawā of lust is the root of moral and civilizational damage, when hawā is used as a standard of truth instead of revelation, injustice, moral deviation, and the destruction of the social order are born. Its relevance to Adultery lies in the view that it is a manifestation of the domination of lust over faith and reason. Therefore, controlling the desires of lust by structurally improving the order of life can prevent the occurrence of adultery.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PJBL ON LOCAL WISDOM OF BALINESE CUSTOMARY TRADITIONS ON CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS AND GOTONG ROYONG CHARACTER IN PANCASILA EDUCATION SUBJECT FOR FIFTH GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) Model Based on Local Wisdom of Balinese Traditional Traditions on the Ability to Think Creatively and Character of Mutual Cooperation in Pancasila Education Subjects in Grade V Elementary School Students. Quantitative research methods, types of pseudo-experimental research approaches, and Non-Equivalent Control Group Design experimental research designs. The research population consisted of 195 elementary school students. The research sample was taken with simple random sampling of the class intake obtained, namely SD Negeri 7 Sumerta as an experimental group, and SD Negeri 4 Sumerta as a control group, thus the total sample number in this study was 32 students from SD Negeri 7 Sumerta (experiment), and 32 students from SD Negeri 4 Sumerta (control), so that the total sample amounted to 64 students in class V. The data collection instruments were a questionnaire on the character of mutual cooperation and a test of creative thinking ability. The prerequisite test for data analysis consisted of a normality test, a variance homogeneity test, a covariance matrix homogeneity, a correlation test between variables, a linearlity test, and an outlier test. Hypothesis testing was carried out with MANOVA. The results showed that the F value was 17.543 with a significance level of 0.000 in Pillai's Trace, Wilks' Lambda, Hotelling's Trace, and Roy's Largest Root. The Sig. value < 0.05 which means that there is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group simultaneously in the two dependent variables. The conclusion is that the PJBL model based on local wisdom of Balinese traditional traditions has a significant effect on students' creative thinking skills and mutual cooperation character. The suggestion for the next research is to be able to carry out experimental research by integrating local wisdom with learning models that are relevant to the demands of the times in other learning.
SPIRITUAL TRANSFORMATION OF DRUG SURVIVORS THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED REHABILITATION
This study examines the transformative experiences of drug survivors undergoing community-based rehabilitation at Rumah Cemara using Moustakas’ transcendental phenomenological approach. Through in-depth interviews with survivors who had participated in rehabilitation for at least one year and maintained recovery for two years, this research explores the process of reconstructing life meaning, spiritual growth, and the role of community support in addiction recovery. The findings indicate that addiction is a biopsychosocial phenomenon that damages identity and life meaningfulness. Community-based rehabilitation provides a transformative space that enables spiritual metamorphosis, where relapse is interpreted as a learning process rather than a failure. The resulting model of spiritual metamorphosis reflects a complex journey from despair toward the discovery of new meaning and empowerment as agents of social change. The main contribution of this study lies in the development of a holistic, culturally sensitive, and survivor-centered rehabilitation approach, while reinforcing addiction intervention paradigms that emphasize spiritual and social dimensions in Indonesia.
DATA-DRIVEN MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING LEARNING QUALITY
Although regulations regarding data-driven planning have been established, implementation in the field often faces challenges where data use tends to be limited to administrative fulfillment and has not been fully integrated with school management functions. This study aims to analyze the integration of management functions of planning, organizing, implementing, and controlling data-driven planning as a strategic mechanism for improving the quality of learning. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design at SMP Negeri 2 Taman, research informants were determined using a purposive sampling technique involving the principal, curriculum development team, teachers, school administration, and the school committee. Data was collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results showed that the school successfully synergized management functions with the Identification, Reflection, and Improvement cycle. Planning used the Education Report to identify priority problems, organizing utilized data reflection for role allocation, implementation was realized through In-House Training programs and learning communities, and control was carried out through periodic monitoring and evaluation. It was concluded that data-driven management is effective only if supported by teacher data literacy and leadership capable of transforming data into real pedagogical interventions, not just a document formality.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MERIT SYSTEM IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH BURU REGENCY
This study examines the implementation of the merit system in the promotion and transfer of civil servants within the Regional Secretariat of South Buru Regency, Indonesia. Despite formal regulations mandating merit-based human resource management, personnel decisions in local governments often remain vulnerable to political influence. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this study applies the policy implementation framework of Van Meter and Van Horn to analyze policy standards, resources, inter-organizational communication, and implementer disposition. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis involving key administrative actors. The findings reveal that although merit system standards are clearly regulated and widely acknowledged, their implementation remains largely symbolic. Limited human resource capacity, fragmented personnel data systems, weak coordination, and inconsistent commitment among implementing actors undermine substantive compliance. Political considerations continue to shape promotion and transfer decisions, negatively affecting professionalism, employee morale, and organizational effectiveness. This study contributes to public administration literature by demonstrating how political dynamics and institutional constraints hinder merit system implementation at the local level and highlights the need for stronger operational guidelines, capacity building, transparency, and accountability mechanisms.
CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE REPRESENTATION OF SANTRI IDENTITY IN TAJ YASIN’S DEBATE SPEECHES DURING THE 2024 CENTRAL JAVA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION
Identity politics rooted in pesantren culture plays a significant role in electoral contestation in Central Java; however, studies examining how santri identity is discursively represented, particularly within candidate debate forums, remain limited. This research aims to analyze the construction of santri identity in three debate speeches delivered by Taj Yasin during the 2024 Central Java gubernatorial election using Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) framework. The data consist of debate transcripts, which are examined through three analytical levels: textual analysis, discourse practice, and sociocultural practice. The findings reveal that santri identity is constructed through the strategic use of religious and pesantren-specific diction such as nglakoni, ngopeni, and akhlaq, as well as through narratives of moral exemplarity and genealogical references to respected religious figures, including the teachings of K.H Maimoen Zubair. This identity construction is further reinforced by visual performativity, particularly the consistent use of sarong and black cap throughout the debates, and by framing pesantren values as the normative foundation for policy arguments in education, sharia-based economics, environmental issues, and social development. At the sociocultural level, the construction of santri identity resonates strongly with the religious and pesantren-oriented character of Central Javanese society, functioning as both symbolic capital and a political communication strategy. This study concludes that santri identity operates not merely as a personal attribute but as a deliberate discursive strategy that integrates language, symbols, and cultural values to establish political legitimacy in the electoral arena.
DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOPRENEURSHIP LEARNING TOOLS IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF MODELS, COMPONENTS, AND IMPLICATIONS
This study aims to map the trends in the development of technopreneurship learning tools in Vocational High Schools by analyzing the development models, core components, and pedagogical implications to identify research gaps. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method with the PRISMA approach and PICo framework, this study selected five relevant articles from Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, and Dimensions databases for the period 2021-2025. The results of the data analysis show that the ADDIE and Borg & Gall development models are the most dominant because of their systematic structure in ensuring technical and pedagogical quality. The main components of the learning tool focus on three main aspects: digital technology integration, strengthening 21st-century skills (4Cs), and technical mastery of entrepreneurial management. Pedagogically, the implementation of these tools has been proven effective in improving student learning outcomes, motivation, and independence, as well as transforming the role of teachers into facilitators in the digital ecosystem. Despite the positive impact, a research gap was found in that current development is still limited to independent modules and has not touched on the formation of a comprehensive digital entrepreneurship ecosystem to overcome the low level of students' digital-preneurship skills in the field.
THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN CREATING A JOYFUL LEARNING ATMOSPHERE THROUGH INTERACTIVE ACTIVITIES IN GRADE 2 OF MUHAMMADIYAH 1 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL, SURAKARTA
This study aims to describe the contribution of teachers in creating a pleasant learning environment by implementing Joyful Learning based on interactive activities for second-grade students at Muhammadiyah 1 Elementary School in Surakarta. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. Information was collected through interviews with teachers and students, observations of the learning process, and collection of documentation of teaching and learning activities. The findings of this study indicate that the contribution of teachers in creating a pleasant learning environment is realized through several key aspects, namely teachers as designers of interactive learning, as facilitators of learning activities, as supportive class managers, and as motivators who provide positive reinforcement to students. These roles are realized through the use of educational games, group discussions, questions and answers, ice breakers, and the use of visual media and concrete materials that are appropriate to the characteristics of lower-grade students. The implementation of this teacher role can improve learning concentration, active participation, cooperation between students, as well as motivation and emotional involvement of students in a positive way during the learning process. Therefore, Joyful Learning through interactive activities has proven effective in creating a conducive and meaningful learning climate and supporting the cognitive, social, and emotional development of students in elementary schools
DEVELOPMENT OF A MULTICULTURAL-BASED SCHOOL MANAGEMENT (MSBM) TRAINING MODEL TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF STATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS IN SUBULUSSALAM CITY, ACEH PROVINCE
The objectives of this study are to: (1) To find a Multicultural-Based School Management Training Model (MSBM) to Improve the Performance of State Elementary School Principals in Subulussalam City, Aceh Province. (2) To test the feasibility of the Multicultural-Based School Management Training Model (MSBM) to Improve the Performance of State Elementary School Principals in Subulussalam City, Aceh Province. (3) To measure the effectiveness of the implementation of the Development of a Multicultural-Based School Management Training Model (MSBM) to Improve the Performance of State Elementary School Principals in Subulussalam City, Aceh Province. This type of research is a development research using the ADDIE model. It was carried out in 82 State Elementary Schools spread across 5 sub-districts of the city of Subulussalam, involving 82 school principals as subjects. The research instruments and model design are first validated by experts and tested on midwives to obtain their feasibility and effectiveness of use. The trial was carried out 2 times, namely a limited trial (20 respondents) and a broad trial (62 respondents). Based on the results of the study, it was found: (1) The MSBM Training Model is the development of a Multicultural-Based School Management model to improve the performance of Principals on multicultural school planning, Multicultural-based curriculum management, Multicultural learning supervision, Teacher professional development, Inclusive facilities and infrastructure management, Transparent and equitable financial management, School partnerships and school-based self-evaluation. multicultural so as to improve the performance of the Principal. (2) The feasibility of the MSBM Training Model to improve the performance of school principals in the city of Subulussalam is very valid and very feasible to use. The results of the feasibility test are obtained through expert validation and user trials. The feasibility of the model was reviewed from expert validation of 88.5% (very feasible) and the feasibility test of the model by users of 91.6% (very feasible). (3) The MSBM Training Model is very effective in improving the performance of school principals in carrying out their duties. The improvement in performance can be seen in the results of the second paired t test and the average N-Gain score. The value of sig. (2 tailed) the two trials were < 0.05 so that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted, meaning that the application of the MSBM training model had an effect on improving the performance of school principals in the city of Subulussalam. The average N-Gain Score (g) for both tests was 0.74 and 0.75. Because the g>0.7 value is in the high category, it can be concluded that the use of the MSBM Training Model can improve the performance of school principals in the city of Subulussalam.
THE ROLE OF VILLAGE HEAD LEADERSHIP AND YOUTH ENGAGEMENT IN IMPROVING LOCAL ECONOMIC WELFARE: A CASE STUDY OF PASAR KAMU IN SUPPORTING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS (SDGS)
Studi ini meneliti sinergi antara kepemimpinan kepala desa dan keterlibatan pemuda dalam mendorong kesejahteraan ekonomi lokal melalui inisiatif Pasar KAMU di Desa Denai Lama. Meskipun pembangunan desa seringkali bergantung pada pendekatan struktural dari atas ke bawah, penelitian ini menyoroti model dari bawah ke atas yang mendukung Tujuan Pembangunan Berkelanjutan (SDGs). Dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen, kemudian divalidasi menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Studi ini mengungkapkan tiga temuan utama: (1) Kepala desa mengadopsi gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif, berfungsi sebagai fasilitator daripada instruktur, memberikan legitimasi pada inisiatif masyarakat; (2) Pemuda bertindak sebagai wirausahawan sipil dan agen budaya, mengelola ekosistem pasar mulai dari zonasi hingga promosi digital; (3) Kolaborasi ini secara signifikan berdampak pada kesejahteraan lokal dengan menciptakan aliran pendapatan baru bagi 121 rumah tangga dan memperkuat kohesi sosial, secara langsung berkontribusi pada SDG 1, 8, dan 11. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kolaborasi organik antara kepemimpinan adaptif dan peran pemuda sangat penting untuk pembangunan pedesaan berkelanjutan.
OPTIMIZATION OF APPARATUS RESOURCES IN IMPROVING GOVERNANCE IN SAWADAI VILLAGE, SOUTH BACAN AND LABUHA VILLAGE, BACAN CAPITAL
Optimizing village apparatus resources is an important factor in improving effective, transparent, and accountable village governance. This study aims to analyze the optimization of apparatus resources in improving governance in Sawadai Village, South Bacan District and Labuha Village, Bacan Capital City. The research method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the optimization of village apparatus resources has not been fully optimal, which is characterized by limited apparatus competence, lack of training, and not yet optimal use of information technology in the implementation of village government. However, there are efforts from the village government to increase the capacity of the apparatus through training and coaching. The conclusion of this study shows that improving the quality of village apparatus resources needs to be supported by continuous training, clear division of tasks, and support for facilities and infrastructure to realize good village governance.
INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOR AS A MEDIATOR: THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA DEPENDENCE ON THE VOTING BEHAVIOR OF MIGRANT STUDENTS
This study aims to analyze the influence of social media dependence and Information Seeking Behavior on the voting behavior of migrant students in the 2024 Election in Salatiga City. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through an online questionnaire from 209 migrant student respondents from two major universities in Salatiga. The analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to test the direct and indirect relationships between variables. The results revealed that social media dependence has a positive and significant effect on voting behavior, both directly and indirectly through the mediation of ISB. Key findings indicate that ISB acts as a strong partial mediator, meaning that the influence of social media on election decisions is largely carried out through an active and critical information search process as modeled by Ellis. This study provides a theoretical contribution by integrating Media Dependency Theory and Ellis's Model to understand the mechanisms of voter behavior in the digital era, as well as practical implications for election organizers and educational institutions in designing effective political communication and digital literacy strategies for young migrant voters.
COLLABORATIVE AND ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES IN IMPLEMENTING THE INDEPENDENT LEARNING CURRICULUM IN SOCIAL STUDIES SUBJECTS AT THE TSANAWIYAH MADRASAH LEVEL
This study is motivated by the fact that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum in Social Studies at madrasahs has not yet run optimally. This is indicated by teachers’ limited understanding, the lack of relevant training, as well as constraints in facilities and digital literacy. The study aims to examine the management of the Merdeka Curriculum implementation in Social Studies at MTsN 1 Bireuen and MTsN 2 Bireuen, covering planning, organizing, implementation, supervision, and the supporting and inhibiting factors. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The informants consisted of the principals, vice principals for curriculum affairs, Social Studies teachers, madrasah supervisors, and the Head of the Madrasah Education Section (Kasi Penmad) of the Ministry of Religious Affairs in Bireuen Regency. The findings show that the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum has been fairly effective through collaborative planning, contextual learning, and developmental academic supervision. However, several challenges remain, including uneven teacher competence, limited ICT facilities, administrative workload, and low levels of digital literacy. In conclusion, the success of the Merdeka Curriculum implementation is strongly influenced by participatory leadership, collaboration among all members of the madrasah community, and continuous improvement of teacher competence.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STUDENTS’ CYBERSECURITY COMPETENCE AND THE RISK OF PERSONAL DATA EXPLOITATION IN ONLINE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
This study examines the relationship between students’ cybersecurity competence and the risk of personal data exploitation in online learning environments. As digital platforms become more integral to education, the research aims to explore how students’ knowledge of cybersecurity influences their ability to protect personal information from online threats. Using a literature-based methodology, data was collected from academic journals, books, and studies related to cybersecurity and online learning. The findings show that students with higher cybersecurity competence are better at safeguarding their data, while those with lower knowledge are more vulnerable to exploitation. The study concludes that continuous cybersecurity education and institutional support are essential for enhancing students' data protection practices in online learning.
THE COMPETENCE OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION TEACHERS IN REALISING INCLUSIVE ISLAMIC EDUCATION BASED ON GENDER EQUALITY
The issue of gender inequality in Islamic education practices is still found in various aspects of learning, both in terms of curriculum, teacher attitudes and teaching materials that are still gender biased. In fact, Islam teaches the principles of justice and equality which should be reflected in the education system. This study aims to examine the competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in realising inclusive Islamic education based on gender equality. This study uses a qualitative approach through a literature review of relevant theories and literature. The results of the study show that PAI teachers need to have pedagogical, professional, social and personal, and transformational competencies to create gender-fair and contextual learning. The conclusion of this study emphasises that the role of teachers is very strategic in shaping Islamic education that is fair and free from patriarchal bias. This study recommends teacher training and strengthening gender-sensitive curricula as concrete steps forward.
IMPLEMENTATION OF PRE MARITAL AGREEMENTS FOR THE COMMUNITY (Case Study at the Office of Notary Lenny Wibowo, S.H., M.Kn., Batu City)
The aim of this study is to analyze the causes, implementation, and impact of marriage agreements on both spouses in accordance with the provisions of the Indonesian Civil Code and the Code of Law. This research is an empirical study using an empirical Juridical approach method. The data analysis used is Qualitative data analysis. The type of data used is secondary legal data consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. This research is descriptive in nature, and the selection of this method is because the researcher wants to study legal issues, facts, and phenomena that are developing in society by analyzing the existing situations. In this research, the technique used is qualitative technique. The findings lead to the conclusion that a marriage agreement is still rarely encountered because society still thinks that marriage agreements are taboo and have difficulty or confusion in making such agreements. For most people, marriage agreements are still seen as being only about property issues. In fact, marriage agreements are not only used for property or property separation, but marriage agreements can create an agreement that discusses everything as long as it does not violate the law and religious laws. Furthermore, marriage agreements can greatly assist in the sustainability of a harmonious family. They also provide legal protection in case of disputes in marital life.
VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF COFFEE IN ENHANCING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF INDONESIA’S COFFEE AGRIBUSINESS
This study aims to analyze the structure of the coffee value chain and its role in enhancing the competitiveness of Indonesia’s coffee agribusiness. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using a case study method in several major coffee-producing regions in Indonesia, including Aceh, North Sumatra, and Sulawesi. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis involving coffee farmers, processing actors, traders, SMEs, and coffee exporters. The data were analyzed thematically to describe the value chain structure and identify key factors influencing agribusiness competitiveness. The results indicate that Indonesia’s coffee value chain consists of five main stages: production, post-harvest handling, processing, distribution, and marketing. The highest value added is generated at the processing and marketing stages, while farmers at the upstream level receive relatively low value added. Key factors influencing coffee agribusiness competitiveness include product quality, technology adoption, institutional roles, and access to capital. Optimizing the value chain through improved post-harvest quality, technological adoption, and strengthened institutional support can enhance the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee in the global market. This study recommends improving access to finance and strengthening farmers’ capacity as key strategies for developing a sustainable national coffee agribusiness.
DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION MITIGATION (ACEH TAMIANG CASE STUDY)
This study aims to analyze in-depth public perceptions and assessments of organizational communication mitigation in disaster management in Aceh Tamiang Regency, specifically regarding information clarity, speed of message delivery, inter-agency coordination, and the level of public trust in disaster information received. Furthermore, this study aims to identify and evaluate various communication media used in disaster mitigation, both conventional and information technology-based, and assess their effectiveness in improving preparedness, risk understanding, and community response to disasters. This study employed a case study approach, with documentation as the data collection technique. The researchers also employed domain analysis, and triangulation as a data validity check technique. The results indicate that the Regional Disaster Management Agency (BPBD) has implemented organizational communication mitigation in Aceh Tamiang Regency through the use of social media, specifically the Instagram account @bpbd_acehtamiang, as the primary channel for disseminating disaster information, from early warnings of extreme weather events and evacuation activities to post-tropical cyclone Sinyar data updates. However, the research findings also revealed significant limitations in the effectiveness of this communication mitigation, primarily due to the limited human resources of the BPBD, which are not commensurate with the population of Aceh Tamiang, weak cross-agency coordination, and the suboptimal use of other communication media such as TikTok and YouTube, which tend to be passive and ceremonial. Public perceptions indicated dissatisfaction with the speed of response and distribution of post-disaster aid, which was considered slow and fraught with image interests, as well as the lack of structural and non-structural mitigation efforts such as area-based early warning, environmental management, and forest rehabilitation. Overall, the results of this study confirm that the communication mitigation of the Aceh Tamiang BPBD organization has not been carried out in an integrated, sustainable, and community-oriented manner, thus requiring strengthening the communication system, increasing institutional capacity, and a more educational and participatory media strategy
THE PHENOMENON OF ISLAMIC JOKES ON SOCIAL MEDIA: BETWEEN ENTERTAINMENT AND THE INTERNALIZATION OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION VALUES
The phenomenon of Islamic jokes on social media has become increasingly popular alongside the rapid growth of digital platforms as spaces for expression and education. This study aims to analyze the role of Islamic jokes as a form of entertainment as well as a medium for the internalization of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) values. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach through content analysis of Islamic humor-themed posts on social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube, with a specific focus on TikTok. The findings indicate that Islamic jokes serve two primary functions. First, they function as a light, contextual, and easily accessible form of entertainment for the digital generation. Second, they possess the potential to internalize Islamic values through moral messages, character development, and the creative delivery of religious teachings. Nevertheless, the study also identifies the risk of meaning distortion and oversimplification of religious teachings when such content is not accompanied by proper understanding. This research emphasizes that Islamic jokes can serve as an effective educational medium when presented proportionally, ethically, and in accordance with Islamic legal and moral principles. These findings are expected to provide references for educators, content creators, and researchers in developing Islamic education and da‘wah strategies that are relevant to contemporary social media culture.
THE ROLE OF PARENTING IN LIMITING THE RISK OF NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE AUD SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT IN KB/RA BINA MUTIARA HATI SEMARANG
This study aims to investigate the role of parental parenting in limiting the negative influence of the social environment on early childhood development. The background of this research departs from the phenomenon of increasing the negative influence of the social environment that can have an impact on children's behavior and social development. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of various parenting models, namely permissive, authoritarian, and democratic, on children's social resilience. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through in-depth interviews and direct observation of parents and children at KB/RA Bina Mutiara Hati Semarang on October 1 – November 10, 2025. The results of the study show that democratic parenting is more effective in forming children's social resilience to negative environmental influences, while permissive and authoritarian parenting is less optimal in achieving it. These findings highlight the importance of a parenting approach that involves two-way communication and mutual understanding in shaping a child's character. The novelty of this research lies in the emphasis on the function of parenting as a protection against negative social influences that have not been explored much in the previous literature.
OBLIGATIONS OF LAND RIGHTS HOLDERS TO MANAGE THEIR OWN AGRICULTURAL LAND
Agricultural land is a strategic asset in national development because it plays a direct role in maintaining food security and community welfare. However, the process of urbanization, industrialization, and weak legal supervision has led to massive land conversion and an increase in absentee land ownership practices (guntai). Landowners who do not manage their land directly cause a lot of land to become unproductive, illegally transferred, or used as an object of price speculation. This condition causes inequality in land distribution and hinders the goal of agrarian reform as mandated by the UUPA. Therefore, this study examines in depth the "Obligations of Land Rights Holders to Manage Their Own Agricultural Land", focusing on how the normative regulation of these obligations and the legal consequences for rights holders who do not implement them. This study formulates two main research questions: how the obligation of land rights holders to cultivate their own agricultural land is regulated in Indonesian legislation, and what the legal consequences are for those who fail to fulfill this obligation. The research employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The legal materials used include primary sources such as the 1945 Constitution, the Basic Agrarian Law, Government Regulation No. 224 of 1961, Law No. 41 of 2009, Government Regulation No. 20 of 2021, and other related regulations, as well as secondary sources consisting of literature and academic journals, and tertiary legal materials. The results of the study show that the obligation of the right holder to manage agricultural land itself is a manifestation of the principle of the social function of land as stipulated in Article 6 of the UUPA. The provisions regarding the prohibition of absentee land ownership are affirmed in Government Regulation No. 224 of 1961, which requires agricultural land to be managed directly by its owners in order to prevent land concentration, speculative practices, and the occurrence of abandoned land. This obligation is also strengthened through the policy of protecting sustainable food agricultural land. Right holders who do not manage their land can be subject to various legal consequences, such as: control and takeover as abandoned land, reduction or revocation of land rights, and redistribution to other parties through the land reform program. Thus, the obligation to manage agricultural land itself is not only an administrative norm, but an important instrument to achieve agrarian justice and ensure the sustainability of national food security.
FORMULATING A COLLABORATIVE ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION THEORY: TOWARD STRENGTHENING RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
This article aims to formulate a collaborative theory of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) that can systematically and sustainably strengthen religious moderation in educational institutions. In the context of Indonesia's religious and cultural diversity, religious moderation is essential for fostering a harmonious and just society. This study employs a literature review method with a theoretical approach, analyzing concepts such as wasathiyyah, moderate Islamic values, and educational policies. The findings reveal that the implementation of religious moderation in education can be achieved through integrating tolerance values into the curriculum, optimizing inclusive teaching methods, teacher training, and evaluating students’ attitudes. The proposed collaborative IRE framework emphasizes the integration of Islamic, national, and socio-cultural values, while promoting key principles such as honesty, openness, compassion, and flexibility. Consequently, educational institutions serve as strategic spaces for shaping a generation that is moderate, tolerant, and capable of living peacefully in diversity.
DEVELOPING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT TEACHING MATERIAL BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM FOR STUDENTS OF SMPN 2 SETIA JANJI
This study aims to develop English descriptive text teaching materials based on the local wisdom of Asahan Regency using the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model and to examine the feasibility of the materials as well as students’ responses toward their implementation. The study is motivated by students’ low achievement and limited interest in learning descriptive texts, which are largely caused by the use of generic teaching materials that are not contextualized to students’ real-life experiences. This research employed a Research and Development (R&D) design consisting of needs analysis, material design, product development, expert validation, and limited field testing at SMP Negeri 2 Setia Janji. Data were collected through classroom observations, questionnaires, and interviews, and were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative descriptive techniques. The findings indicate that the developed teaching materials were considered valid and feasible by material and media experts. The results of the field testing also reveal an improvement in students’ engagement, learning motivation, and understanding of the structure and vocabulary of descriptive texts. Integrating local wisdom within the PBL framework enables students to connect language learning with their cultural and environmental contexts. Therefore, the developed materials are effective as contextual and meaningful English learning resources that support the development of 21st-century skills and strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile.
MORAL INJURY EXPERIENCES IN PEER SUPPORT OF ODHA SURVIVORS: BETWEEN CONCERN AND MORAL CONFLICT
This study examined experiences of moral injury among peer supporters who are also people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). A qualitative phenomenological design was employed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Six PLWHA peer supporters in Banyumas, Central Java, participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed thematically. The findings identified two forms of moral injury. Perpetration-based moral injury was characterized by guilt, shame, and self-disgust associated with the internalization of stigma related to HIV status and sexual orientation. Betrayal-based moral injury emerged from perceived betrayal by the healthcare system, intimate partners, and family members, as well as value conflicts encountered during peer support practice. Despite these experiences, participants engaged in processes of moral repair, including social support from Peer Support Groups, self-acceptance, increased self-awareness, meaning-making, and a commitment to helping others. The findings indicate that PLWHA peer supporters experience multifaceted moral injury while also demonstrating transformative resilience. These results underscore the importance of integrative interventions that address moral injury and facilitate moral repair through strengthening social support systems and enhancing individual resilience.
TARADUF DALAM AL-QUR’AN LAFADZ KAYD DAN KHIDA’
This thesis is entitled "TARADUF IN THE QUR'AN: THE WORDS KAYD AND KHIDA'". In discussing the meaning of deception, the Qur'an uses several words, including the words kayd and khida'. The writing of this thesis aims to reveal the similarities and differences of the words kayd and khida' by analyzing interpretations in classical and contemporary books. The method applied in this research is library research which is qualitative in nature, using descriptive analytic method. The results of the research: (1) interpretations of the words kayd and khida' in the Qur'an according to the commentators: Sayyid Qutb explains in his interpretation that the term kayd refers to covert efforts to achieve a goal, which usually has negative or evil connotations. Wahbah al-Zuhaili mentions that "Khida'" comes from a root word meaning harm. This term refers to the act of deceit commonly done by hypocrites. (2) similarities and differences between the words kayd and khida': Literally, both of these words are interpreted as deception and considered as taraduf. Although considered as taraduf, these two words certainly have slight differences. The word kayd is understood as a form of someone's hidden deception with the intention of achieving a specific goal. This deceptive act involves planning, where the plan is already made before its execution. This kayd act can harm others. Although in the Qur'an there are perpetrators of kayd actions that are positive, this action is more often depicted in a negative form. Meanwhile, khida’ reflects the action of hiding the truth or presenting oneself differently from what is actually true. Therefore, perpetrators of khida' are difficult to predict, whether as friends or foes. This action can occur without planning. Keywords: Taraduf, Kayd and Khida'
BAROCATOLOGY IN THE QUR'AN "MODERN ESSENCE AND IMPLICATIONS"
This paper explores the Qur’anic concept of barakatology, an in-depth reflection on the essence of barakah (divine blessing) as the spiritual foundation of human life. The study employs a thematic (tafsir maudhu‘i) approach combined with a linguistic examination of the term barakah across its various contexts in the Qur’an. It aims to uncover the meanings, dimensions, and implications of barakah in shaping a life that harmonizes spirituality with social reality. The findings indicate that barakah extends beyond material prosperity; it encompasses inner serenity, ecological balance, and social harmony. From a Qur’anic perspective, barakah represents the manifestation of divine mercy that arises when human beings align their lives with the principles of tawhid (monotheism), justice, and sincerity. Conceptually, barakatology comprises three core dimensions: (1) the essence of barakah as a divine gift originating from God; (2) the manifestation of barakah through equilibrium between spiritual and social aspects; and (3) its practical dimension, guiding humanity toward a just and sustainable way of life. In the modern era marked by materialism and moral decline the values of barakah offer a spiritual paradigm that redefines progress not by luxury or accumulation, but by the extent to which life generates benefit, harmony, and peace for all creation.
BUILDING A SUPERIOR SCHOOL IDENTITY: THE ROLE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND TEACHER COMPETENCE IN STRENGTHENING SCHOOL BRANDING
In an era of increasingly competitive education, schools are not only required to excel academically but also to have a strong image and identity in the community. This study used a literature review method. The results of relevant research discuss the relationship between leadership, teacher competency, and school branding strategies. The study shows that the principal's transformational leadership plays a crucial role in creating a vision and organizational culture that supports the strengthening of school identity. A visionary, inspiring, and participatory principal can increase teacher motivation and build a positive and innovative school climate. Meanwhile, teacher competency has a direct influence on the effectiveness of school branding, as teachers represent the school's values, quality, and character in the eyes of the community. Teachers who are professional, creative, and possess communication skills and mastery of information technology can significantly enhance a school's positive image.
THE USE OF PICTURE CARDS AS A COACHING MEDIA TO INCREASE THE LEARNING MOTIVATION OF SMK SAFINATUL HUDA STUDENTS IN HISTORY LEARNING
This study aims to (1) explain how the implementation of picture cards in coaching to increase the learning motivation of SMK Safinatul Huda students in history learning (2) determine the effectiveness of using picture cards as a coaching medium in increasing the learning motivation of SMK Safinatul Huda students in history learning. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study research type. Sampling was carried out using a purposive sampling technique (purposeful sampling). Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and document studies. The results of this study are the stages in implementing picture cards as a coaching medium, which include the planning stage, the implementation stage, and the evaluation stage. Student motivation has increased after participating in coaching using picture cards, which is evidenced by changes in student attitudes who initially felt less enthusiastic, unfocused, rarely did assignments, and easily bored and tired are now more enthusiastic, more focused during learning, and more diligent in doing assignments. This shows that the use of picture cards as a coaching medium is effective in increasing the learning motivation of SMK Safinatul Huda students in history learning.
DRIVERS OF STUDENTS’ LMS CONTINUANCE: USEFULNESS, EASE OF USE, ENGAGEMENT, AND SATISFACTION
This study examines factors that drive students’ continuance intention to use a learning management system (LMS) in higher education by integrating Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) variables (perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use), student engagement, and learning satisfaction. Data were collected from 286 university students (280 provided complete demographic information) and analyzed using PLS-SEM with bootstrapping (5,000 subsamples). The results show that perceived usefulness significantly increases both learning satisfaction and continuance intention. Perceived ease of use significantly enhances learning satisfaction but does not directly influence continuance intention. Student engagement positively affects learning satisfaction and continuance intention, indicating that sustained LMS use is shaped not only by system perceptions but also by students’ learning involvement. Learning satisfaction significantly increases continuance intention. Overall, the model demonstrates strong explanatory power for learning satisfaction and continuance intention. These findings imply that universities should prioritize LMS features that deliver tangible learning benefits, reduce friction in use, and support engaging learning activities to foster students’ long-term willingness to continue using LMS-based learning.
PERAN EFIKASI DIRI DALAM KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PBL PENDEKATAN PMRI BERBANTUAN PHET SIMULATIONS PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
This study investigates the role of self-efficacy in shaping elementary students’ mathematical problem-solving ability within a PBL–PMRI instructional model assisted by PhET Simulations. A mixed-methods concurrent embedded design was employed, with quantitative analysis as the primary approach and qualitative profiling as a complementary component. Participants were fourth-grade students from the Anggrek Cluster of primary schools in Semarang, Indonesia, assigned to experimental and control groups through cluster sampling. Data were collected using a self-efficacy questionnaire based on Bandura’s dimensions and a problem-solving test constructed according to NCTM indicators. Quantitative analyses included gain score analysis, mean difference testing, correlation, and interaction regression, while qualitative data were analyzed through interactive thematic procedures. The results show that the PBL–PMRI–PhET model significantly improves problem-solving performance and that self-efficacy is positively associated with strategic accuracy and persistence. Moreover, self-efficacy moderates instructional effectiveness, with high-efficacy students benefiting disproportionately from inquiry-oriented and technology-mediated learning. These findings indicate that instructional innovation and affective empowerment operate as an integrated system in developing mathematical problem-solving competence.
OVERCAPACITY MANAGEMENT POLICY TO PREVENT VIOLENCE IN DETENTION (STUDY IN CLASS 1 PRISON MEDAN)
This study discusses the policy of overcrowding as an effort to prevent violence in the Class I Detention Center (Rutan) Medan. The issues studied include: how the overcrowding policy is implemented in preventing violence between inmates; what are the supporting and inhibiting factors in the implementation of the policy; and how effective are the policies of regulatory arrangement, institutional strengthening, and provision of infrastructure in reducing the number of violence in detention. This study uses an empirical legal research with a qualitative approach, which positions law as a social phenomenon (law in action) and not only as a written norm. The nature of this research is descriptive analytical, namely describing objective conditions in the field while analyzing the relationship between the overcrowding policy and the social dynamics that occur in detention. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the overcrowding policy has been carried out through the redistribution of inmates, optimization of guidance, and coordination between agencies, but still faces obstacles such as budget limitations, minimal facilities and infrastructure, and bureaucratic institutional structures. Supporting factors such as officer commitment and internal innovation in detention also help reduce the potential for violence. Overall, regulatory reform, institutional strengthening, and infrastructure provision contribute to reducing the risk of violence, although their effectiveness remains suboptimal and requires continuous improvement.
AN ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN ECONOMICS AT A VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
This study investigates students’ learning achievement in Economics among Grade XI students at a vocational high school, where Economics functions as an adaptive subject within the curriculum. The study was motivated by preliminary observations indicating uneven achievement, particularly in calculation-based economic topics. A descriptive quantitative research design was employed, involving 68 students from the Accounting and Office Management programs selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through documentation of students’ daily assessment scores and a diagnostic test focusing on selected Economics topics. Supporting data were obtained through classroom observations and structured interviews with the Economics teacher. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive percentage techniques by classifying students’ scores into achievement categories. The results indicate that the average learning achievement score was 76.4, categorized as “Good.” However, 22% of students did not meet the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM). Further analysis shows that students performed better in theoretical topics than in calculation-based materials, and Accounting students achieved higher average scores than Office Management students. These findings suggest that although overall learning achievement is satisfactory, targeted instructional strategies are required to improve students’ understanding of quantitative Economics concepts in vocational education contexts.
THE ROLE OF THE POLICE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT CASES THAT RESULTED IN SERIOUS INJURIES AND DEATHS IN THE MEDAN POLICE TRAFFIC UNIT
Traffic accident cases in Medan City in the last three years show a high number with serious injuries to death. Most of them are caused by driver negligence. This study aims to analyze the legal basis for the settlement of traffic accidents that result in death and the role of investigators of the Medan Police Traffic Unit in the investigation process and legal protection for perpetrators and victims. Using a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, the results of the study show that the settlement of these crimes is regulated in various regulations, including the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 22 of 2009. Investigators from the Medan Police Traffic Unit play an important role in processing crime scenes and collecting evidence to realize fair and professional law enforcement.
INTEGRATING RELIGIOSITY VALUES INTO PROJECT-BASED LEARNING: EFFECTS ON ELEMENTARY STUDENTS’ RELIGIOUS ATTITUDES
Strengthening religious attitudes among elementary school students is an important necessity amid globalization, while learning in schools still often focuses on cognitive aspects. One effort that can be made is the application of the Project Based Learning model integrated with religious values in Pancasila Education. This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing a Project-Based Learning model with religious values on the religious attitudes of fourth-grade elementary school students. This study used a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest pre-experimental design. The research subjects included all 25 fourth-grade students at SDN Candipari 2. Data processing used the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Paired Samples T-Test, and Partial Eta Squared calculation with the help of SPSS version 25. The results of the analysis showed a significant increase in students' religious attitudes after the implementation of the Project Based Learning model, with a value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a Partial Eta Squared value of 0.869, which is classified as a large effect. These findings indicate that the implementation of Project Based Learning integrated with religious values is effective in improving the religious attitudes of elementary school students.
THE EFFECT OF THE COOPERATIVE INTEGRATED READING AND COMPOSITION (CIRC) LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENTS’ LEARNING MOTIVATION AND READING LITERACY
This study aims to examine the effect of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) learning model on students' learning motivation and reading literacy. This study uses a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent posttest-only control group design. The study population was fifth-grade students at Muhammadiyah Elementary School in Kupang City, with a sample size of 58 students divided into an experimental group and a control group. Data collection was conducted using a learning motivation questionnaire and a reading literacy test that had undergone validity and reliability tests. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis (MANOVA). The results showed that the CIRC learning model had a significant simultaneous effect on students' learning motivation and reading literacy. Students taught using the CIRC model had higher learning motivation and reading literacy skills than students taught using conventional learning models. These findings indicate that the CIRC learning model is effective in improving the learning motivation and reading literacy of elementary school students.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE TALKING STICK METHOD ASSISTED BY MISTERY BOX MEDIA IN IMPROVING INDONESIAN SPEAKING SKILLS IN CLASS V AT MIS MUSLIMAT NU PALANGKA RAYA
The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the Talking Stick method in class V of Indonesian subjects at MIS Muslimat NU using Mystery Box media, ensuring student learning outcomes after the implementation of the method. The quasi-experimental design more specifically, the Design of Non-Equivalent Control Groups became the basis of the quantitative methodology of this study. Meanwhile, the findings of this study show that the Talking Stick method has been used to improve speaking skills and learning outcomes in experimental classrooms through independent learning based on conventional methods and strengthening face-to-face materials with the help of Mystery Box media which has increased (significantly). There was a marked difference between the learning capacity of the two groups, according to the significance criteria Based on the results of the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the scores of students in class VA and class VB had significance values of 0.800 and 0.238, respectively. It can be concluded that the students' scores in the VA and VB classes are normally distributed because both significance values > 0.05. With the right infrastructure and student readiness levels, the Talking Stick method can be an effective alternative learning paradigm as well as increase student engagement in classroom learning.
MARRIAGE DISPENSATION FOR CHILDREN IN JENEPONTO REGENCY
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor penyebab permohonan dispensasi pernikahan, peran lembaga masyarakat dalam proses dispensasi pernikahan, dan dampaknya terhadap keinginan pernikahan anak di Kabupaten Jeneponto. Meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019 telah menetapkan usia pernikahan minimal pada 19 tahun, namun praktik dispensasi pernikahan tetap menjadi celah hukum yang memungkinkan terjadinya pernikahan anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus intrinsik yang dilakukan di Kecamatan Tarowang, Kabupaten Jeneponto. Informan penelitian dipilih secara purposif, termasuk pasangan yang menikah melalui dispensasi pernikahan, orang tua, pejabat, dan pihak terkait. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor penyebab dispensasi pernikahan meliputi faktor internal seperti kehamilan di luar nikah, keinginan untuk menikah, dan putus sekolah; Faktor-faktor keagamaan seperti pemahaman literal tentang konsep baligh (pubertas) dan upaya untuk menghindari perzinahan; dan faktor-faktor norma sosial termasuk tekanan sosial, konsep siri (kehormatan), bias gender, dan praktik perjodohan. Peran lembaga masyarakat dalam sosialisasi, pendidikan, bantuan, dan pengawasan belum optimal. Dampak dari dispensasi pernikahan meliputi putus sekolah, ketidaksiapan ekonomi, ketergantungan finansial, konflik sosial, gangguan psikologis, dan peningkatan risiko pernikahan. Studi ini merekomendasikan penguatan upaya pencegahan dan perlindungan anak melalui pendekatan holistik dan kolaboratif.
DEVELOPMENT OF QUIZIZZ LEARNING MEDIA TO IMPROVE STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SOCIAL STUDIES LEARNING AT SMP NEGERI 2 TERNATE CITY
This research aims to develop Quizizz-based learning media and determine its feasibility and effectiveness in improving student learning outcomes in Social Sciences (IPS) subjects at SMP Negeri 2 Ternate City. The background of this research is based on the low learning outcomes of students caused by the use of learning media that is less varied and not optimal in utilizing digital technology. The research method used is research and development with stages including needs analysis, media design, product development, trial, and evaluation. The subject of the study is a student of the State Junior High School 2 Ternate City. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. The results of the study show that the Quizizz learning media is declared feasible to use based on the results of expert validation and positive student responses. In addition, the use of Quizizz media has been shown to be effective in improving student learning outcomes, which is shown by the increase in average scores and the percentage of learning completeness after the application of the media. Thus, Quizizz learning media can be used as an alternative to innovative and effective social studies learning media at SMP Negeri 2 Ternate City.
SPATIAL DETERMINANTS OF ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES SECTOR GRDP IN EAST JAVA: A GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED PANEL REGRESSION APPROACH
This study investigates spatial heterogeneity in the determinants of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) in the accommodation and food services sector across 38 districts and cities in East Java Province, Indonesia, over the period 2022–2024. Using Geographically Weighted Panel Regression (GWPR), the analysis examines how tourist arrivals, accommodation capacity, per capita expenditure, and local government tourism budgets influence sectoral GRDP at the local level. The results reveal an extreme spatial concentration of tourism-based economic activity (Gini coefficient = 0.82), with Surabaya City contributing 66.36% of provincial sectoral GRDP. The GWPR model significantly outperforms the global panel regression, with R² increasing from 0.412 to 0.847, confirming the presence of strong spatial heterogeneity. Local coefficient estimates identify four regional typologies: high-efficiency regions, supply-driven regions, demand-driven regions, and low-efficiency regions. Tourist arrivals exhibit the highest elasticity in destination-oriented regions (reaching 0.94 in Banyuwangi), while accommodation capacity has the strongest effect in metropolitan cores (up to 1.23 in Surabaya). These findings indicate that spatially targeted policies aligned with local economic structures are substantially more effective than uniform provincial interventions. The study provides empirical support for place-based tourism development strategies within the Regional Tourism Master Plan (RIPPARDA) framework.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE POLICY OF PROCUREMENT OF GOODS AND SERVICES THROUGH E-PURCHASING WITHIN THE MEDAN CITY GOVERNMENT
This study aims to analyze the implementation of the policy of procurement of goods and services through the e-purchasing system within the Medan City Government, focusing on the effectiveness of policy implementation, the level of compliance of regional apparatus, and the obstacles faced in its implementation. The research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with officials of the Goods/Services Procurement Work Unit (UKPBJ), Commitment Making Officials (PPK), and related regional apparatus, complemented by documentation studies on regulations, procurement reports, and e-purchasing transaction data. Data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and systematic conclusion drawn. The findings of the study show that the implementation of the e-purchasing policy in the Medan City Government in general has been running in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and contributes to increasing transparency, time efficiency, and accountability in the procurement process of goods and services. However, this study also found a number of obstacles, including limited human resource competence, suboptimal use of electronic catalogs, and resistance of some apparatus to changes from conventional procurement systems to digital. The results of the study confirm that the success of the implementation of e-purchasing is not only determined by the readiness of the technology system, but also by institutional capacity, organizational commitment, and continuous support through training and supervision. This study recommends strengthening human resource capacity and optimizing electronic catalog management as a strategic step in increasing the effectiveness of e-purchasing policies within the Medan City Government.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND HARMONIZATION IN THE MIDST OF THE DIVERSITY OF THE SEDAENG COMMUNITY, TOSARI DISTRICT, PASURUAN REGENCY
The Tengger community in Sedaeng Village, Tosari District, Pasuruan Regency, is known for its multicultural tradition that prioritizes interreligious tolerance, even though its residents adhere to different religions, especially Islam and Hinduism. This research aims to examine how the existence of Muslims in the midst of religious and cultural diversity can take place in harmony and how social, economic, and political value systems contribute to the formation of harmony. Using a qualitative approach based on ethnography and functional structural theory, this study examines the religious portrait of the Sedaeng community through the framework of social capital. The findings show that Tengger traditional values that contain multiculturalism, local wisdom in tolerance, and social symbols inherited through tradition, are a solid foundation for interreligious harmony. Collective beliefs, social obligations, and the meaning of tradition as a guideline for life have proven to be the main pillars in framing the harmony of the ummah. The novelty of this research lies in the identification of the role of customary-based religious social capital as a cultural mechanism in forming active tolerance in rural pluralistic communities.
THE UTILIZATION OF CANVA DIGITAL MEDIA IN INTEGRATING GRADUATE PROFILE DIMENSIONS AT SMAN 1 LAWANG KIDUL
This study aims to describe the use of the digital media Canva in integrating the dimensions of the graduate profile in learning activities at SMAN 1 Lawang Kidul. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings indicate that the use of Canva in learning effectively integrates the dimensions of the graduate profile in a systematic and contextual manner through project-based digital learning. Canva encourages active student engagement in understanding learning materials, expressing ideas creatively, developing critical thinking skills, collaborating, and enhancing independence and communication skills. In addition, digital mediabased learning supports the strengthening of faith based values, citizenship awareness, and digital ethics. Despite several technical constraints, such as limited devices and varying levels of students’ digital skills, overall the use of Canva contributes positively to the development of students’ character and competencies in accordance with the graduate profile dimensions. Therefore, Canva can be considered an innovative learning medium that is relevant to the demands of education in the era society 5.0.
PROFESSIONALISM OF THE PRINCIPAL IN IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF SOCIAL SCIENCE TEACHERS IN THE PRIVATE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OF NGAWET WEST HALMAHERA
This study aims to describe the professionalism of school principals in improving the performance of Social Sciences (IPS) teachers at Ngaweet Private Elementary School, West Halmahera Regency. The professionalism of school principals has an important role in creating a conducive work climate, fostering teacher competence, and encouraging the improvement of the quality of learning. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects include school principals, social studies teachers, and several related parties in the school environment. Data collection techniques are carried out through interviews, observations, and documentation, while data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the professionalism of school principals is reflected in managerial skills, leadership, academic supervision, and teacher coaching and development. The principal actively provides guidance, motivation, and evaluation of the performance of social studies teachers, so that it has a positive impact on learning planning, the implementation of the teaching and learning process, and the assessment of student learning outcomes. However, there are still several obstacles, such as limited infrastructure and sustainable development of teacher competencies. Therefore, efforts are needed to consistently improve the professionalism of school principals and support from various parties to improve the performance of social studies teachers optimally.
SCENARIO ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY IN THE UTILIZATION OF PUBLIC SPACE (CASE STUDY: KEBUN BUNGAN STADIUM MEDAN)
Kebun Bunga Stadium is one of public spaces provided by the Government of Medan. Over time, there has been a decline in performance including facilities that are starting become obsolete and limited sports infrastructure due to lack of maintenance. Therefore under these conditions, Kebun Bunga Stadium was revitalized as a form of effort to meet the training infrastructure for athletes in order to realize the capital of North Sumatera as a city of athletes. The revitalization is multi-year contract used regional budget (APBD) 2023 and 2024 with a total cost are Rp. 191,665,325,000. Kebun Bunga Stadium has several facilities such as an international-standard soccer field, tennis courts, volleyball courts, rock climbing walls, a skate park, a gym, a playground, an indoor sports field, a water park, a jogging track, and others. After revitalization, there are several sports facilities will be subject to fees, which will be used as a buffer for maintenance costs and a source of regional revenue. However, there is no clear information about public perception of these fees. Furthermore, every project supported by government must generate economic and social benefits for the community. Therefore, the benefits obtained must be greater than the costs incurred in order to support the sustainable facility. To understand this issue, a questionnaire was distributed to determine the public perception fees and scenario analysis of economic feasibility to ensure the feasibility and sustainability of the public space.
ANALYSIS OF SUPPORTING FACTORS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF JANTUR MAPAN WATERFALL TOURISM, LINGGANG MAPAN VILLAGE, WEST KUTAI
Community-based nature tourism development is a strategic approach to fostering social and economic progress in rural areas. This study analyzes the development challenges of Jantur Mapan Waterfall tourism in Linggang Mapan Village, West Kutai Regency, and examines the roles of stakeholders involved. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, with data collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed through descriptive qualitative techniques. The findings reveal that although local communities participate in tourism management and activities, the implementation remains suboptimal. Key constraints include limited facilities and infrastructure, the absence of a systematic development plan, low human resource capacity, and weak stakeholder coordination. From Talcott Parsons’ Structural Functional Theory (AGIL) perspective, the functions of adaptation, goal attainment, and integration are not yet balanced, despite the persistence of mutual cooperation values, service orientation, and commitment to sustainability. The study concludes that stronger synergy among the village government, tourism managers, local communities, and regional authorities is essential through structured planning, capacity building, and institutional strengthening to achieve sustainable tourism development and enhance local welfare.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING MEDIA QUIZIZZ LESSON IN NATIONAL MOVEMENT PERIOD MATERIAL TO INCREASE STUDENTS' INTEREST IN LEARNING HISTORY AT SMA NEGERI 9 PEKANBARU
This study aims to develop interactive learning media using Quizizz Lesson on the National Movement Era material and test its validity, practicality, and effectiveness in enhancing students' interest in learning history. The research uses the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) with subjects from class XI of SMA Negeri 9 Pekanbaru, consisting of 30 experimental and 30 control group students. The instruments used are interest questionnaires, expert validation sheets, and student practicality test sheets. The validity results show an average value of 0.95 (Highly Valid), practicality at 92.89% (Highly Practical), and effectiveness with an N-Gain of 0.52 (Medium) and a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p < 0.05). The Quizizz Lesson media proves to be feasible, practical, and effective in enhancing students' interest in learning the National Movement Era material
ANALISIS KINERJA APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA SEKRETARIAT BAWASLU DALAM MENDUKUNG PENGAWASAN PEMILU TAHUN 2024 DI KABUPATEN TAPANULI TENGAH
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) di Sekretariat Bawaslu Kabupaten Tapanuli Tengah dalam mendukung pelaksanaan tugas pengawasan Pemilu 2024, serta mengidentifikasi berbagai kendala yang dihadapi dalam menjalankan peran administratif dan teknis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan pemilihan informan secara purposive yang melibatkan ASN pelaksana, pejabat struktural, dan anggota Bawaslu. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan analisis dokumen, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana yang meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja ASN secara umum telah mendukung pelaksanaan tugas pengawasan Pemilu, terutama dalam aspek administrasi, koordinasi internal, dan dukungan teknis terhadap kegiatan pengawasan di lapangan. Namun demikian, penelitian juga menemukan sejumlah kendala, antara lain keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, beban kerja tinggi menjelang tahapan krusial Pemilu, minimnya fasilitas pendukung, serta belum optimalnya pola komunikasi dan supervisi antarunit. Hasil penelitian menegaskan pentingnya peningkatan kapasitas ASN melalui pelatihan berkelanjutan, penguatan manajemen kerja, dan penyediaan sarana yang memadai agar peran Sekretariat Bawaslu semakin efektif dalam memastikan kualitas dan integritas penyelenggaraan Pemilu.
PROTECTION OF LINEAGE (HIFZ AL-NASL) IN DETERMINING THE LEGAL PARENTAGE OF CHILDREN BORN OUT OF WEDLOCK: A NORMATIVE ANALYSIS AND JUDICIAL PRACTICE OF THE PRINGSEWU RELIGIOUS COURT
Focused on the Islamic principle of hifz al-nasl, this study has a dual aim: first, to analyze the framework for establishing the legal parentage of children born out of wedlock, and second, to scrutinize related judicial practices at the Pringsewu Religious Court. The research applies a normative juridical method, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case study approaches to examine laws, the Compilation of Islamic Law, and court decisions. Analysis is conducted through grammatical and systematic interpretation. According to the study, judicial practice at the Pringsewu Religious Court involves two distinct methods for establishing parental lineage. The first, a normative-preventive method, ties the child's legal status directly to the lawful nature of the parents' marriage, effectively preventing children born from invalid unions from being recognized as legitimate. In contrast, the normative–progressive approach grants legal protection by affirming the child’s biological parentage, ensuring legal certainty, identity, and safeguarding the child’s rights. This practice is concretely reflected in Case Number 57/Pdt.P/2024/PA.Prw and Case Number 28/Pdt.P/2025/PA.Prw, and demonstrates the court's effort to balance the enforcement of Islamic family law norms with child protection in accordance with the principles of maqasid shariah, specifically ḥifẓ al-nasl.
ANALYSIS OF BRAND IMAGE, SOCIAL MEDIA, AND VALUE PERCEPTION ON CONSUMER LOYALTY MEDIATED BY CONSUMER PREFERENCE FOR HEALTHY INSTANT NOODLE PRODUCTS
The presence of healthy instant noodles in society addresses consumers’ needs for food that is easy to prepare while still paying attention to nutritional content, raw material quality, and production processes that are safer for health. The manufacturing process of healthy instant noodles that are baked rather than fried demonstrates the company’s commitment that the product is produced with attention to health aspects and food quality. Research related to consumer preference and loyalty through brand image, social media, and value perception factors was conducted on the Committee and Parents of Muhammadiyah 24 Surabaya Elementary School students with 172 respondents. Samples were taken using Purposive Sampling technique which emphasizes consumers aged over 18 years, who are Committee members and Parents of SD Muhammadiyah 24 Surabaya students, and have consumed healthy instant noodles at least 2 times to determine the level of loyalty possessed by consumers. The analysis technique used in this research is SEM-PLS, where after hypothesis testing, results showed that directly the variables of brand image, social media, and value perception have positive and significant effects on consumer preference. However, brand image and value perception do not have significant effects on loyalty. Additionally, consumer preference indirectly positively and significantly mediates the influence between brand image, social media, and value perception on consumer loyalty.
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SHIPPING TRAINING POLICY AT THE BAROMBONG SHIPPING POLYTECHNIC
Introduction: This paper examines the implementation of maritime training policies at Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong, a maritime vocational school in Makassar, Indonesia. The maritime sector is crucial for Indonesia, an archipelagic nation relying heavily on sea transportation for logistics, infrastructure, and industry. This study investigates how the institution’s training programs align with international standards and their effectiveness in preparing skilled seafarers. The research questions are: How is the maritime training policy implemented at Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong? What are the outcomes in terms of graduate competency and industry absorption? Novelty: This research fills a gap by analyzing maritime training policies at a specific Indonesian institution, focusing on the direct impact on industry employment, a topic not widely explored in previous studies. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was used, employing interviews, direct observations, and documentation to gather data from key informants at Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong, including instructors and maritime experts. Results: The study finds that Politeknik Pelayaran Barombong has successfully implemented maritime training policies, ensuring adequate infrastructure and adherence to international standards like STCW. However, challenges remain, particularly in achieving optimal graduation rates for participants with lower educational backgrounds. Despite this, 85% of graduates are absorbed by the maritime industry within six months. Conclusion: While the implementation of maritime training policies has been successful, improvements are needed to enhance graduation rates and address challenges faced by students. Expanding the focus to include external industry stakeholders could help bridge gaps between academic curricula and industry needs.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTRINSIC MOTIVATION ON STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT WITH DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING AS A MODERATION VARIABLE AT UPT SMPN IN BANGKALA DISTRICT, JENEPONTO REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the influence of emotional intelligence, intrinsic motivation, and differentiated instruction on students’ academic achievement, as well as to examine the moderating role of differentiated instruction among students of UPT SMPN in Bangkala District, Jeneponto Regency. The background of this research arises from the persistent issue of low academic performance, which is presumed to be associated with students’ emotional competence, learning motivation, and the implementation of instructional practices that have not fully accommodated diverse learning needs. A quantitative approach was employed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS 4.The results indicate that emotional intelligence has a positive and significant effect on academic achievement. Intrinsic motivation also demonstrates a positive and significant influence on students’ academic performance. Furthermore, differentiated instruction significantly affects academic achievement, suggesting that instructional strategies tailored to students’ readiness, interests, and learning profiles contribute toimproved learning outcomes. The moderation analysis shows that differentiated instruction strengthens the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement; however, it does not moderate the effect of intrinsic motivation on academic achievement. Overall, this study affirms the importance of enhancing students’ emotional competence, fostering intrinsic motivation, and implementing differentiated instruction to improve academic performance at the junior secondary level. These findings provide valuable implications for teachers, schools, and policymakers in designing more adaptive and student-centered instructional practices.
ANALYSIS OF TIME MANAGEMENT AND EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION TO THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITAL MUSIC DISTRIBUTION PROCESS (CASE STUDY OF MUSIC AGGREGATOR IN PT. ALCOR KARYA GEMILANG JAKARTA)
The purpose of this study is to analyze the Analysis of Time Management and Effective Communication on the Effectiveness of the Digital Music Distribution Process of PT. Alcor Karya Gemilang Jakarta. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The sampling technique used is available sampling, with a sample size of 33 respondents determined by utilizing the available subjects. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires distributed to all patients who came for treatment at each available polyclinic. Data analysis used the Partial Least Square – Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS 4 through outer model testing (outer loading, convergent validity, discriminant validity, cross loading, average variance extracted, composite reliability), inner model (R-square), and bootstrapping procedures to test the significance of the relationship between variables. The results of the study indicate that Time Management has a significant effect on the Effectiveness of the Digital Music Distribution Process, and Effective Communication has a significant effect on the Effectiveness of the Digital Music Distribution Process.
LIMITATION OF THE AUTHORITY OF THE DISTRICT OR CITY LAND OFFICE IN THE ISSUANCE OF BUILDING USE RIGHTS CERTIFICATES (HGB)
The issuance of Building Use Rights Certificates (HGB) by Regency/Municipal Land Offices is part of the public service function aimed at providing legal certainty over land utilization. However, in practice, the authority of regional Land Offices has been subject to certain limitations, particularly regarding land with specific criteria that must be processed at the Regional Office or the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN). This situation potentially leads to service delays, legal uncertainty, and administrative burdens for both the public and business actors. Based on these issues, this research formulates two main problems: (1) how the restriction of authority affects the quality of land services and legal certainty; and (2) what legal consequences arise from the limitation of authority of Regency/Municipal Land Offices in the process of issuing HGB certificates. This study employs a normative juridical method with statutory and conceptual approaches. Primary legal materials consist of land regulations and related legal documents, complemented by secondary legal materials such as literature and scholarly journals. The analytical techniques used are legal interpretation and legal construction to assess the consistency between normative provisions and service implementation. The results indicate that the limitation of authority is based on the principles of administrative prudence and vertical supervision to prevent abuse of power. However, its implementation creates obstacles in public service delivery through longer bureaucratic procedures, thereby reducing the effectiveness of land services and generating potential legal uncertainty. Therefore, a clearer coordination mechanism, standardized procedures, and enhanced transparency are needed so that the restriction of authority maintains legality without hindering public service and legal certainty.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A DIGITAL FLIPBOOK LEARNING MODULE ON YOUTH PLEDGE TO ENHANCE CLASS XI STUDENTS’ LEARNING MOTIVATION AT SMKN 1 KASIHAN
Based on the researcher's experience during the implementation of School Field Introduction 2 (PLP 2), it was found that learning was not yet optimal, as teachers only used one textbook and did not use supporting media or modules. The objectives of this study are: (1) to design and develop a digital flipbook-based learning module aimed at enhancing the learning interest of Grade XI students at SMKN 1 Kasihan, and (2) to evaluate the quality of the developed module in terms of feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness. The research adopts a Research and Development (R&D) approach, employing Robert Maribe Branch’s ADDIE model, which consists of five sequential phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection was conducted using two main instruments: questionnaires and written tests. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively. The findings reveal that: (1) with respect to product feasibility, the developed digital flipbook learning module has a “Very good” feasibility level with a score of “4,4”, (2) in terms of practicality, the developed digital flipbook learning module has a “very good” practicality level with a score of “4,71”, (3) in terms of effectiveness, the developed digital flipbbook learning module has an “Effective” level of effectiveness with a score percentage of “76,66%
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN D INTAKE AND PLASMA C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVELS AND APPENDICULAR SKELETAL MUSCLE INDEX IN ADULTS WITH OBESITY
Obesity is commonly associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and alterations in skeletal muscle mass, increasing the risk of sarcopenic obesity. Vitamin D deficiency and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are frequently observed in individuals with obesity and may contribute to impaired muscle metabolism. This study aimed to examine the relationship between vitamin D intake, plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index (ASMI) among obese adults at Universitas Indonesia Hospital (RSUI). An analytical cross-sectional design was employed involving 70 obese adults aged 18–59 years. Vitamin D intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, plasma CRP levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and ASMI was determined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical methods. The results showed that most participants had inadequate vitamin D intake and elevated plasma CRP levels, indicating the presence of systemic inflammation. No significant association was found between vitamin D intake and CRP levels or between vitamin D intake and ASMI. However, plasma CRP levels demonstrated a weak but statistically significant association with ASMI. These findings suggest that inflammation plays a more prominent role than vitamin D intake in influencing skeletal muscle mass among obese adults, highlighting the multifactorial nature of sarcopenic obesity.
GENDER INJUSTICE AGAINST FEMALE CHARACTERS IN THE NOVEL LUKA PEREMPUAN ASAP BY NAFI'AH AL-MA'RAB
The quality of women’s resources is a strategic issue that plays an important role in shaping social life and future generations. However, until now, women still face various forms of injustice due to the strong construction of patriarchal culture and unequal gender relations. Literature is an important medium to represent this reality as well as a means of social criticism. This study aims to examine the forms of gender injustice experienced by female characters in the novel Luka Perempuan Asap by Nafi’ah Al-Ma’rab through the perspective of feminist literary criticism. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods and literature. Data in the form of words, sentences, and paragraphs representing gender injustice were collected through intensive reading techniques and analyzed based on the framework of gender injustice Yulianeta (2021), which includes marginalization, domination, subordination, and repression. The results of the study showed that there were 20 data on gender injustice experienced by female figures, with subordination as the most dominant form, followed by domination, repression, and marginalization. The character of Mun as the main character experiences the most intense gender injustice, both in the family, education, and social realms. These findings confirm that the four forms of gender injustice are interrelated and form a structural system of oppression against women. The novelty of this research lies in the analysis of the relationship between forms of gender injustice as an ideological unit in the narrative of the novel. This research contributes to enriching the literary study of Indonesian feminism and increasing critical awareness of the issue of gender injustice through the reading of literary works.
ATTITUDES AND INTENTIONS OF CROSS-GENERATIONAL EMPLOYEES TOWARD THE UTILIZATION OF AI IN UNIVERSITIES
This study investigates the attitudes and intentions of cross-generational employees toward the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) in universities. Using data from 40 staff of research department as a respondents measured with a Likert scale, results show that attitudes toward AI were generally neutral, leaning positive (mean 3.33), while intentions to use AI were relatively high (mean 3.55). Despite attitudes not being fully positive, intentions remained strong, suggesting a readiness to adopt AI if organizational support is provided. No statistically significant differences were found between Generations X, Y, and Z in either attitudes or intentions, although minor variations existed. The findings indicate that AI adoption in universities has the potential for broad cross-generational support, particularly if accompanied by targeted training, education, and communication strategies. Tailored approaches for older generations can help reduce resistance, while Millennials and Gen Z can be empowered as agents of change. Cross-generational mentoring and equal access to AI-related learning opportunities are essential to foster a technology-inclusive workplace in higher education.
GAMIFICATION APPROACH IN DIGITAL LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS TOWARDS STUDENT EXPERIENCE AND ENGAGEMENT
This study explores the integration of gamification in digital learning environments, specifically within Learning Management Systems (LMS), to enhance student motivation and engagement. Despite the rapid advancement of technology in higher education, challenges such as low student engagement and lack of motivation persist. Previous research, including Zea Ulhaque, Fachrezi, and Hadiapurwa (2024), has highlighted that traditional, one-way instructional methods often fail to actively engage students, impacting academic performance. In response, gamification has emerged as a promising solution, with studies indicating that incorporating game elements like points, badges, leaderboards, and challenges can significantly boost student participation and motivation. The research employs a qualitative approach, utilizing a literature review method to synthesize existing studies on the effects of gamification on student learning outcomes. By reviewing the integration of gamified elements in LMS platforms, this study aims to offer a comprehensive understanding of their impact on student engagement and motivation. The findings suggest that gamification not only increases student interaction with learning materials but also fosters a more dynamic and enjoyable learning experience. The study concludes by recommending that educational institutions consider incorporating gamification into their LMS to improve student engagement and learning outcomes, with further research needed to explore its long-term effects and challenges in different educational contexts.
THE POTENTIAL OF BADONG MUSIC IN THE RAMBU SOLO' CEREMONY AS A THERAPEUTIC MEDIUM
The study aims to explore the function of Badong traditional music performed in the traditional death ceremony of Rambu solo’ as a therapeutic medium. Badong music, which is rich in spiritual and social values, is believed to play a therapeutic role in aiding the emotional healing process of grieving families. This study examines how Badong musical elements, such as melody, rhythm, and lyrics, interact with cultural and spiritual values to support psychological recovery and social solidarity during the grieving process. This study employed a qualitative approach and utilized a ethnographic method. The research was conducted in Tana Toraja, especially in the Ulusalu area, which was known to be active in carrying out the Rambu solo’ ceremony. The primary data sources came from grieving families, Pa’Badong (ritual leaders), traditional leaders, and academics. Data collection techniques included participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The validity of the data was ensured through triangulation techniques, including source triangulation, methodological triangulation, and theoretical triangulation, by comparing data from various subjekts, data collection methods, and theoretical perspectives. The results of the study show that Badong music has a significant contribution in channeling emotions and supporting the emotional healing process for bereaved individuals. Slow, repetitive melodies, meaningful lyrics, and collective performance forms in ritual circles create a space of catharsis, strengthening spiritual and social attachments. This study concludes.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REFLECTION-BASED ACADEMIC SUPERVISION IN ENHANCING TEACHERS’ PROFESIONALISM AT AN INDONESIAN PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
This study aimed to describe the implementation of reflection-based academic supervision in enhancing teachers’ professionalism at SD Negeri Batursari 5, Mranggen Subdistrict, Demak Regency. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed to obtain an in-depth understanding of the supervision process and its impact on teachers’ professional development. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and document analysis involving the principal and teachers. The findings reveal that reflection-based academic supervision was implemented through systematic stages, including supervision planning, classroom observation, reflective dialogue, and follow-up coaching. Reflective supervision encouraged teachers to critically evaluate their teaching practices, improve instructional planning, and strengthen pedagogical competence. The study also identified several challenges, such as time constraints, teachers’ readiness for self-reflection, and limited follow-up programs. Nevertheless, reflective supervision contributed positively to fostering teachers’ professional awareness, openness to feedback, and commitment to continuous improvement. This study concludes that reflection-based academic supervision is an effective strategy for enhancing teacher professionalism when implemented collaboratively and sustainably within a supportive school culture.
PROJECT-BASED LEARNING INTEGRATING ISLAMIC SOCIAL VALUES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SOCIAL ATTITUDE DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing a Project Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with the social values of Surah Al-Ma’un on elementary school students’ social attitudes. The research employed a quantitative approach using a pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design. The participants were 30 fifth-grade students of SDN Wonoplintahan 2, Sidoarjo Regency, selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a validated social attitude test. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, paired sample t-test, and effect size calculation (eta squared). The results indicated a statistically significant improvement in students’ social attitudes after the implementation of PBL integrated with the values of QS. Al-Ma’un, with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05). The effect size was categorized as very large. These findings demonstrate that integrating PBL with religious values effectively enhances students’ empathy, social care, cooperation, and social responsibility, and supports character education in elementary schools.
GLOBAL VALUES IN LOCAL WISDOM BASED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELIGIOUS HIGHER EDUCATION
This study aims to analyze, evaluate, and develop an in-depth exploration of the local cultural philosophy “Biar Kalah Nasi Mar Jang Kalah Aksi” as the foundation for formulating a new concept in management accounting to strengthen the global competitiveness of state religious higher education institutions. A qualitative research method with a descriptive ethnographic approach was employed to collect data through in-depth interviews with informants from 15 cities and regencies in North Sulawesi Province, as well as those residing outside the province, particularly key informants with a deep understanding of this local wisdom. The findings reveal that this cultural philosophy embodies values of resilience, innovation, and efficiency under conditions of limitation, which can be integrated into management accounting systems as an adaptive model for addressing global challenges while preserving local identity. Furthermore, the application of these values has the potential to optimize resource management and reinforce the institutional identity of state religious higher education institutions in responding to global changes and demands. The novelty of this study lies in the development of a local wisdom–based management accounting concept that is not only culturally relevant but also provides a responsive and sustainable foundation for the advancement of state religious higher education institutions.
DEVELOPMENT OF HISTORY FLASHCARD MEDIA ON THE MATERIAL OF THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC KINGDOM IN INDONESIA BASED ON SURAH AL-FATH VERSE 29 AT MTS AL WASHLIYAH 16 PERBAUNGAN
In order to teach the role of Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia at MTs Al Washliyah 16 Perbaungan, this project intends to create history flashcards based on Surah Al-Fath verse 29. Based on the ADDIE model which comprises the phases of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation the study used a Research and Development (R&D) methodology. Thirty eighth-grade students, one material expert, and one media expert were the research subjects. Questionnaires, observations, interviews, and learning outcome assessments were used to gather data, and a range of techniques were applied to examine the findings. Upon getting a 92% feasibility score from material experts and a 93% score from media experts, the generated media was considered extraordinarily viable based on the validation results. The percentage of pupils that actively participated rose from 35% to 83%, based on the implementation statistics. Learning outcomes also improved, with an average score that increased from 68.5 to 84.2 and a gain score of 0.50, which is in the moderate range. Both teachers and students praised the medium for its usefulness, appeal, and clarity. Incorporating Quranic themes into historical courses increased students' understanding of Islamic concepts. Thus, the produced History Flashcards media is valid, practical, and effective as a stand-in teaching tool for Islamic history at the Madrasah Tsanawiyah level.
THE EFFECT OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING MODEL WITH WAMENA LOCAL WISDOM ON LEARNING OUTCOMES AND PROBLEM SOLVING OF GRADE V ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN WAMENA
This study examines the effects of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) integrated with Wamena local wisdom on elementary students’ learning outcomes and problem-solving skills. Integrating culturally relevant pedagogy into innovative learning models is expected to enhance meaningful learning, particularly in remote regions with strong local traditions. A quasi-experimental design employing a non-equivalent pretest–posttest control group was used. The participants were 112 fifth-grade students from two elementary schools in Wamena, Indonesia. Data were collected using learning outcome tests and problem-solving assessments and analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results indicate significant differences in learning outcomes and problem-solving skills between students taught using PjBL integrated with local wisdom and those taught using conventional learning models. Students in the PjBL group achieved higher scores in both dependent variables. These findings demonstrate that integrating local wisdom into project-based learning enhances students’ conceptual understanding and problem-solving abilities. This study contributes to elementary education literature by highlighting the pedagogical value of culturally contextualized project-based learning in improving learning quality in geographically and culturally distinctive regions.
SHIFTS IN VOTER BEHAVIOR AND THE ELECTORAL CHALLENGES FACING PKB IN THE 2024 DEMAK LOCAL ELECTION
Recent developments in Indonesia’s local democracy reveal a reconfiguration of voter behavior that challenges assumptions about the durability of identity-based electoral loyalty. This article analyzes the electoral defeat of the National Awakening Party (PKB) in the 2024 Demak local election as an empirical anomaly, given the party’s strong socio-religious embeddedness and its electoral dominance in the simultaneous legislative election within the same district. Rather than attributing the outcome solely to organizational weakness, the study situates PKB’s loss within broader shifts in voter rationality, the declining mobilizational capacity of religious identity, and structural constraints shaping local party performance. Employing a qualitative, narrative-based literature review, the article engages with scholarship on voting behavior, Islamic political mobilization, party institutional functions, and subnational democratic competition in Indonesia. The analysis demonstrates that voters increasingly evaluate candidates and parties through pragmatic, contextual, and performance-oriented considerations, thereby weakening the determinative role of Nahdlatul Ulama based identity appeals. Concurrently, deficiencies in candidate recruitment, limited campaign adaptability, and coordination challenges within broad electoral coalitions constrained PKB’s capacity to convert symbolic legitimacy and organizational networks into effective electoral support. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the declining electoral relevance of religious identity and emphasizing adaptive party organization in local Indonesian politics contemporary.
EXPLORING JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL THINKING PROCESSES IN SOLVING SYSTEMS OF LINEAR EQUATIONS USING GEOGEBRA: A QUALITATIVE CASE STUDY
Critical thinking is an essential cognitive skill in mathematics learning, particularly in solving contextual and non-routine problems. However, many junior high school students still experience difficulties in applying critical thinking when solving systems of linear equations. This study aims to explore the critical thinking processes of students in solving systems of linear equations in two variables (SPLDV) using GeoGebra. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed. The participants were 25 ninth-grade students from a junior high school in Surabaya, Indonesia. Based on the results of a critical thinking test, three students were purposively selected to represent successful, less successful, and unsuccessful problem solvers. Data were collected through GeoGebra-assisted problem-solving tasks and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using Facione’s critical thinking framework: interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, and self-regulation. The findings reveal that successful students demonstrated all six critical thinking processes consistently, while less successful students showed partial fulfillment of the indicators. Unsuccessful students failed to demonstrate most critical thinking processes due to weak conceptual understanding and poor problem interpretation. GeoGebra supported visualization and verification of solutions but did not replace conceptual reasoning. These findings highlight the importance of integrating technology with explicit instruction on critical thinking processes in mathematics learning.
ENGLISH FOR NURSING: A NEED ANALYSIS OF CONTEXTUAL-BASED LANGUAGE TEACHING
English for Nursing is a relatively interesting specialization within the field of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). A deeper understanding of nursing discourse and the creation of a taxonomy of language use in nursing have been made possible through various needs analysis studies. To create appropriateness in evaluating nursing students who use English as a Foreign Language (EFL), this study focused on specific research areas. The research instruments used were interviews and pre-tests to measure students' abilities and needs related to the material and skills focus to be applied during the learning process. The results will assist instructors in various planning decisions, student grouping, selection of learning strategies and activities, and utilization of students' strengths and motivations in ESP classes. The Present Situation Analysis (PSA) component of the students indicated that students lacked several skills, including vocabulary, speaking, and reading. Therefore, as the stage of Target Situation Analysis (TSA), this analysis produces a syllabus design that is adjusted to the realm of English for Specific Purposes (ESP). So that it contributes to the development of effective and efficient learning.
CODING GAMES AS A MEDIUM TO STIMULATE COMPUTATIONAL THINKING IN CHILDREN AGED 5-6
This study aims to determine how coding games can be used as a medium to stimulate computational thinking in children aged 5–6 years at RA Hj. Sri Musiyarti. The study used data validity tests through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that coding games can stimulate children's abilities in arranging sequences of steps, recognizing patterns, predicting the consequences of instructions, and performing simple debugging. This coding play activity also strengthens social skills such as cooperation, communication, and the ability to manage emotions during the problem-solving process. Coding games are an effective medium in stimulating the basics of computational thinking in early childhood and are suitable for integration into the Early Childhood Education curriculum to support children's readiness to face the demands of 21st-century learning.
MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL EVALUATION OF DISSIMILAR METAL WELDS USING MULTI-MODAL TESTING TECHNIQUES
Studi ini menyelidiki tantangan dalam pengelasan logam berbeda, dengan fokus pada evaluasi mekanik dan mikrostruktur las antara material dengan sifat yang berbeda. Tujuan utamanya adalah untuk menilai bagaimana perbedaan termal, mekanik, dan mikrostruktur memengaruhi kualitas las. Metodologi penelitian berbasis literatur digunakan, dengan memanfaatkan data primer dari jurnal, buku, dan makalah penelitian yang relevan, sementara data sekunder dikumpulkan dari laporan industri dan studi kasus. Teknik pengujian multimodal, termasuk SEM, EDX, XRD, dan pengujian tarik, digunakan untuk menganalisis sifat-sifat las. Temuan ini menyoroti pentingnya mengoptimalkan parameter pengelasan dan pemilihan material pengisi untuk meningkatkan kinerja dan daya tahan las, yang berkontribusi pada peningkatan aplikasi industri pengelasan logam berbeda.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF EMPLOYEE SERVICES IN THE SORONG DISTRICT GOVERNMENT OF WEST PAPUA
Research on the digital transformation of civil service services in the Local Government of Sorong Regency, Southwest Papua Province. Digital transformation is a strategic effort to improve the efficiency, transparency, and accountability of the governance of state civil apparatus (ASN) through the utilization of information and communication technology. This study employs a qualitative method with observations, literature studies, and interviews to understand the digital transformation process and the factors influencing its success. The results of the study indicate significant progress through the implementation of online personnel information systems such as SIMPEGDA and other supporting applications, which facilitate personnel administration and public services. However, challenges such as uneven internet infrastructure, the need for improved digital literacy among ASNs, and data security still need to be addressed. Recommendations focus on strengthening technology infrastructure and enhancing human resource competencies to support optimal digital staffing services. The improvement of human resource competencies requires regular training and mentoring in staffing for civil servants (ASN) to be able to operate digital applications and systems effectively. The digital transformation of staffing services in Sorong Regency is not only an instrument for improving the performance of apparatus but also an important part of realizing an effective, professional, and competitive regional government in the digital era.
STANDARDIZATION OF THE NEW STUDENT ADMISSION PROCESS AT AL-AZHAR 29 BSB ISLAMIC KINDERGARTEN AND PRESCHOOL IN SEMARANG
This study aims to analyze the implementation of school activity programs in the process of placing new students at KB-TK Islam Al-Azhar 29 BSB Semarang. School readiness assessments are used as the main basis for class grouping and learning strategy planning throughout the school year. This study was conducted because there is still a gap in research on how the concept of school readiness is consistently applied in institutions with dense and development-oriented learning programs. The research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, classroom observations, and assessment document reviews, then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive analysis model through a process of reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study show that school readiness assessments play an important role in forming a balanced class composition, supporting differentiated learning strategies, and creating a more stable and inclusive classroom dynamic. The information obtained from mapping children's readiness helps teachers design early interventions and learning routines that are tailored to the developmental needs of each student. In addition, readiness assessments strengthen communication between schools and parents and increase family involvement in the educational process. Overall, the school readiness assessment process not only serves as an administrative procedure but also provides a foundation for more responsive and sustainable learning planning and evaluation.
POLITICAL DYNAMICS OF THE 2024 NORTH SUMATRA GUBERNATORIAL ELECTION: IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
This study analyzes the political dynamics of the 2024 North Sumatra gubernatorial election (Pilgub Sumut), exploring its implications and challenges as a reflection of local democracy amidst identity politics (Batak, Malay, Javanese ethnicities), social polarization, and digital media disruption. Methodology: Employing a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with political actors and observers, field observations, and document analysis from KPU and Bawaslu. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation. Findings reveal five key insights: (1) the dominance of pragmatic coalitions based on candidate electability, (2) the instrumentalization of identity politics as a mobilization strategy with the risk of social fragmentation, (3) the dual role of social media—effective in engaging youth voters yet vulnerable to disinformation, (4) persistent structural challenges such as money politics, and (5) a shift in voter behavior towards rational considerations based on candidate track records. Conclusion: The 2024 election illustrates the dilemma of electoral democracy where identity-based tactics and pragmatic interests marginalize substantive issues (e.g., Lake Toba deforestation, gender inequality). The study underscores the need for strengthening digital literacy, enforcing anti-transactional politics laws, and promoting inclusive policy-based reconciliation to transform identity politics into policy accountability.
Construction of the Experience of Mother-Child Bonding in Early Childhood with Speech Delays Due to Gadget Exposure
This study aims to explore how mothers construct attachment experiences with young children who experience speech delays due to early exposure to gadgets. A qualitative approach using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was employed with nine participating mothers whose children had been exposed to gadgets since around 1.5 years of age and were undergoing speech therapy. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, and analysed idiographically and interpretatively. The results showed that excessive gadget use without supervision weakened key attachment functions, including secure base, proximity maintenance, safe haven, and response to separation stress. Mothers interpreted their children's speech delays as a crisis of maternal identity marked by guilt and role conflict, particularly among working mothers. Gadgets, which were originally interpreted as a practical solution, were reconstructed as a symbol of emotional absence. However, mothers showed reflective capacity to restore attachment through gadget restrictions, increased emotional presence, physical closeness, direct interaction, as well as spiritual coping and family support. This study confirms that speech delay due to gadget exposure is a relational phenomenon closely related to the quality of attachment and the mother's psychological presence in digital parenting.
UTILIZATION OF VILLAGE POTENTIAL FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN BELITAR SEBANG VILLAGE
Sustainable tourism development still often uses a needs-based approach, so it does not optimize the assets that local communities already have. This study aims to analyze the strategy of utilizing local potential through the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach in building sustainable tourist destinations in Belitar Sebang Village. A descriptive qualitative research method with a case study strategy was applied, where data was collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study identified three strategic asset clusters, namely unique natural assets (such as the dichotomy of hot and cold waterfalls), living cultural assets (including the art of Kuda Lumping and palm sugar production), and artificial assets that are integrated with the environment. The scientific contribution of this research lies in the provision of an ABCD-based analytical framework that integrates the dichotomous assets of nature and culture as the foundation of destination competitiveness. The study's conclusions show that development effectiveness is highly dependent on collaborative governance that empowers all local assets, where the ABCD approach offers a relevant conceptual foundation for achieving economic and socio-cultural sustainability
HUMAN EXPLOITATION OF NATURE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHRISTIAN ETHICS AND ESCHATOLOGY: A THEOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CONTEMPORARY ECOLOGICAL CRISIS
The contemporary ecological crisis, characterized by the massive exploitation of nature, raises fundamental theological questions regarding the relationship between humanity, God, and creation. This article aims to examine human exploitation of nature through the perspectives of Christian ethics and eschatology, positioning the ecological crisis as an ethical and eschatological issue of faith. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive method with a critical-theological approach, this study conducts a literature review of Biblical texts, theological treatises, and Indonesian contextual theology. The findings indicate that the exploitation of nature reflects a human failure to fulfill God’s mandate of stewardship over creation and reveals a crisis in Christian ethics that is both personal and structural. Christian ethics asserts that obedience to God is manifested not only through vertical relationships but also through concrete responsibility toward communal life, including the natural world. Furthermore, Christian eschatology is understood not as a narrative of apocalyptic fear, but as a transformative and ethical hope for the restoration of creation. Eschatological hope calls believers and the church to actively engage in environmental preservation and restoration as part of their witness of faith in a wounded world. This article concludes that Christian ethics and eschatology are inseparable in responding to the ecological crisis. The exploitation of nature is not a sign of destruction to be passively accepted; rather, it serves as a prophetic call for the church to live faithfully and responsibly, participating in God’s redemptive work over all creation.
TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION AND DIGITAL TALENT EMPOWERMENT: ANALYSIS OF TELKOMSEL'S CSR PROGRAM AT RUMAH BUMN YOGYAKARTA
This study analyzes PT Telkomsel's CSR program in developing the digital competency of the younger generation at Rumah BUMN Yogyakarta from a corporate communication perspective. Using a qualitative case study involving 10 informants (4 companies, 6 participants), data was collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis using the Braun & Clarke thematic method. The findings indicate that Telkomsel's CSR program functions as a symmetrical two-way communication that not only transfers technical skills in digital literacy and entrepreneurship but also facilitates the empowerment process by increasing participants' self-confidence, communication skills, and entrepreneurial mindset. The communication dynamics between facilitators and participants demonstrate a dialogic, participatory approach, where participants are empowered through active participation and the construction of shared meaning. From the company's perspective, this program contributes to the construction of a corporate identity as an institution concerned with sustainable social development, not merely philanthropy or image building. The study concludes that CSR has the potential to be a transformative corporate communication instrument if designed with the principle of sustainable empowerment. This is an open access article under the CC–BY-SA license.
COMMITMENT TO LEARNING MEDIATES THE INFLUENCE OF TIME MANAGEMENT AND WELLBEING ON STUDENT LEARNING INDEPENDENCE
In facing the demands of higher education in the 21st century digital era, student learning independence is the main key to academic and professional success. Time management and well-being play a crucial role in forming a learning commitment that supports optimal mastery of independence. Therefore, the essence of this study is designed to examine the influence of time management and well-being on student learning independence, with learning commitment as a mediating variable, specifically at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Law (FIS-H) Makassar State University (UNM). This study chose a quantitative approach with the Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique analyzed using SmartPLS software. A total of 100 active FIS-H UNM students were selected as respondents through proportionate stratified random sampling from a population of 4,150 students. This study used a Likert scale questionnaire of 1-5 to explore time management, well-being, learning independence and learning commitment, with indicators such as schedule preparation, personal growth, and intrinsic motivation. The research findings are expected to demonstrate a significant influence, both directly and indirectly, between time management and well-being on students' independent learning in the social sciences, with commitment to learning as the primary intermediary. This study concludes that independent learning is key for students in developing independent learning skills and strengthening their academic adaptation.
SERVICE QUALITY, STORE ATMOSPHERE, AND PRODUCT VARIETY ON CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISIONS AT TOKO SEMBAKO BU SRIYU KEDIRI
This research investigates how service quality, store atmosphere, and product variety affect customer purchase choices at Toko Sembako Bu Sriyu in Kediri City. A quantitative approach was adopted, gathering data through surveys from 200 previous store customers selected via purposive sampling. Multiple linear regression analysis in SPSS was applied to the data. The partial analysis (t-test) revealed that neither service quality nor store atmosphere significantly impacts purchasing decisions. In contrast, product variety demonstrated a positive and significant effect. Simultaneous testing (F-test) confirmed that, taken together, all three variables significantly influence purchase decisions. Nevertheless, the model's explanatory power is limited, as shown by a low R² value of 0.043, implying that factors outside this study account for most of the variance in consumer decisions. This analysis confirms that product variety is the key factor driving purchasing behavior among grocery store consumers. This study intends to contribute practical knowledge to retail marketing management literature and to provide actionable guidance for grocery retailers seeking to refine their marketing strategies.
STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF WEBSITE-BASED LEARNING MEDIA: REDEFINING MEANINGFUL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN INDONESIAN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
This study aims to describe students’ perceptions of the use of website-based learning media in Natural Science (IPA) instruction at the elementary school level. The research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method involving fifth-grade students at an elementary school in Indonesia. Data were collected through observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The findings indicate that the utilization of website-based learning media has a positive impact on students’ learning processes. The media enhance learning motivation through engaging and interactive features, strengthen conceptual understanding through visual and contextual material presentation, and foster learning independence by allowing students to manage their study time and strategies autonomously. Moreover, the use of website media contributes to improved learning outcomes, the development of digital literacy, and the promotion of social collaboration through online discussions and interactions among students. The successful implementation of this digital media is supported by factors such as technology accessibility, teacher competence in using digital tools, and the alignment of learning materials with the curriculum. Overall, the findings affirm that website-based learning media play a strategic role in creating innovative, meaningful, and 21st-century-oriented science learning experiences
NOTARY AUTHORITY IN MAKING DEEDS ON LAND ACQUISITION FOR ROAD WIDENING BY THE MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS AND PUBLIC HOUSING
This study aims to analyze the authority of Notaries in drafting deeds of land rights release in land acquisition for road widening conducted by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR), as well as to examine the legal consequences of land acquisition carried out without a Notarial deed. The research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Legal materials consist of primary legal sources in the form of relevant laws and regulations, secondary legal materials including legal doctrines and previous studies, and tertiary legal materials as supporting references. The data are analyzed qualitatively through legal reasoning to assess normative consistency and the scope of legal authority in land acquisition practices. The findings indicate that Notaries possess juridical authority to draft authentic deeds related to the release of land rights based on the Law on the Notarial Office; however, such authority is not mandatory within the legal framework governing land acquisition for public purposes. Land acquisition conducted without a Notarial deed remains administratively valid if procedural requirements are fulfilled, yet it may weaken evidentiary strength and increase the risk of future legal disputes.
SOEHARTO MUSEUM AS AN EDUCATIONAL MEDIUM: A QUALITATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES IN HISTORY EDUCATION
This research is motivated by students’ low interest in history lessons, which is often caused by monotonous teaching methods. The research questions include: (1) How is the experience of learning history at the Soeharto Museum? (2) What materials and media are presented? and (3) What are the effectiveness and challenges of history learning in this museum? The objectives of this study are: (1) to describe the history learning experience at the Soeharto Museum, (2) to identify the materials and media used, and (3) to analyze the effectiveness and challenges encountered. This qualitative research was conducted through interviews with museum managers and visitors, non-participant observation, and documentation. The findings show that: (1) the Soeharto Museum is effective as a medium for historical education that is both empirical and affective, through collections, visual narratives, documentary films, and guided tours; (2) the materials and media, including interactive storytelling, discussions of values, national songs, and reflection activities, are tailored to visitors’ age levels, thus engaging cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains; (3) the museum’s effectiveness is evidenced by positive responses from visitors and educational institutions, and by the adoption of similar methods by other museums. This experience- and emotion-based approach aligns with constructivist theory, although the main challenge remains maintaining relevance in the digital era. The museum addresses this through technological innovation and communicative educators.This research highlights the importance of collaboration between schools and museums to make history learning more contextual, reflective, and adaptive. The Soeharto Museum serves as an effective educational medium by integrating traditional and digital approaches to foster nationalism and historical awareness among younger generations.
LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENT WORKSHEET BASED ON MIKIR STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE NUMERACY ABILITIES
Mathematical numeracy skills are essential competencies needed by students to understand and solve contextual problems in everyday life. However, various assessment results indicate that the numeracy skills of junior high school students in Indonesia are still relatively low, necessitating innovation in mathematics learning. One effort that can be done is through the development of Student Worksheets (SW) that are systematically designed and oriented towards students' thinking processes. This article aims to systematically review the research literature related to SW development, mathematical numeracy skills, and the potential integration of the MIKiR (Experience, Interaction, Communication, and Reflection) strategy in junior high school mathematics learning. The research method used is a systematic literature review of journal articles. The results of the study indicate that contextual SW can improve students' numeracy skills, but most studies have not integrated learning strategies explicitly into the SW design. This study confirms a research gap related to the development of SW based on the MIKiR strategy to improve junior high school students' mathematical numeracy skills
THE MYSTERY OF THE RED SUITCASE: UNCOVERING THE CRIME OF HEINOUS MURDER WITH MUTILATION
This research focuses on the study of criminal law regulation in the positive legal system in Indonesia, as well as assessing the extent to which these regulations cover the crime of mutilation. In addition, this study also analyzes the application of the provisions of article 340 of the Criminal Code in the case of the "Red Suitcase" in Kediri with Decision Number 67/Pid.B/2025/PN Kdr. This research utilizes a normative juridical approach as the main method, namely a legal research approach that directs its main focus to the study of legal norms, legal principles, legal theories, and current laws and regulations. The results of the study revealed that until now, the crime of mutilation has not been specifically regulated in the Criminal Code. Therefore, prosecutors and judges usually apply article 338 or article 340 depending on the elements contained in the crime of mutilation. In case number 67/Pid.B/2025/PN Kdr, the defendant was tried for murder accompanied by mutilation, and was declared proven to meet all the elements listed in article 340 of the Criminal Code. As a result, the defendant was sentenced to life imprisonment as the maximum sanction other than the death penalty. This research can enrich the study of Indonesian criminal law by analyzing the legal basis of the crime of mutilation through a court decision, in the midst of the absence of special regulations regarding the criminal act.
AN SCP-BASED ASSESSMENT OF MARKET STRUCTURE AND AIRLINE PERFORMANCE IN POST-PANDEMIC INDONESIA
This study applies the Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) framework to empirically reassess the relationships among market structure, airline conduct, and industry performance in Indonesia’s aviation sector. The analysis integrates descriptive trend analysis to capture post-pandemic industry dynamics and panel data regression techniques to quantitatively evaluate structural and behavioral effects on performance. The findings are intended to provide policy-relevant evidence for enhancing industry competitiveness and long-term resilience. The results indicate that Indonesia’s aviation industry is characterized by a persistent oligopolistic structure, in which market concentration (HHI and CR4) and minimum efficient scale (MES) significantly shape airline behavior and performance. Using fixed-effects panel regression for the 2019–2024 period, the estimates show that higher market concentration and MES have positive and statistically significant effects at the 1–5% level on capacity decisions (ASK) and yield, while airline performance, measured by load factor, remains significantly influenced after controlling for fuel price volatility and GDP growth, providing strong empirical support for the Structure–Conduct–Performance (SCP) framework. This study demonstrates that post-pandemic performance in Indonesia’s aviation industry is primarily driven by market structure and internal operational decisions, particularly capacity management (ASK) and fleet utilization, rather than by pricing strategies, service quality, or short-term macroeconomic conditions.
COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT IN OPTIMIZING THE FUNCTION OF MOSQUES AS COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CENTERS: A CASE STUDY OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THE GREAT MOSQUE AND THE GREAT MOSQUE IN THE CITY OF MEDAN
This study aims to analyze the application of communication management in optimizing the function of the Great Mosque and the Great Mosque of Medan City as a center for community development. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting data through observation and in-depth interviews with the management of the Mosque Prosperity Agency (BKM), secretariat staff, and active worshippers of the two mosques. Secondary data was obtained from literature reviews in the form of books, journals, and official documents related to communication management and mosque management. The results of the study show that effective communication is the main key in optimizing the function of the mosque. The mosque management implements careful communication planning, organizes communication through clear division of tasks and coordination channels, implements communication with direct and digital channels, and controls and evaluates communication to assess the success of the program. Communication strategies that are clear, simple, friendly, and actively involve worshippers have been proven to increase community participation, make mosques more lively, and function not only as a place of worship but also as a center for social development, education, and da'wah. These findings corroborate that good communication management is able to make mosques an effective and sustainable community development center.
ADAPTIVE GOVERNANCE IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION EFFORTS THROUGH ECOTOURISM AT NGERONG CAVE IN RENGEL VILLAGE
This study discusses poverty alleviation efforts through ecotourism in Rengel Village, Rengel District, Tuban Regency. This study aims to analyse the application of adaptive governance in poverty alleviation efforts through Ngerong Cave Ecotourism in Rengel Village. This research method used a descriptive qualitative approach and data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the adaptive governance theory from Sharma-Wallace (2018), the study results lie on the eight indicator: collaboration, coordination, social capital development, community empowerment and involvement, capacity building, connecting knowledge and decision-making through data collection, improving leadership capacity, and utilizing or creating governance opportunities. The findings reveal that efforts to alleviate poverty through Ngerong Cave Ecotourism have not shown significant improvement in poverty caused by lack of collaboration among various parties, the lack of community empowerment and involvement, and the absence of proactive measures to create governance opportunities. On the other hand, managers have coordinated professionally, built substantial social capital, increased capacity, and made decisions in accordance with the adaptive governance approach. This study contributes to expanding the literature on adaptive governance used in rural ecotourism as an effort to reduce poverty.
MINDFUL LEARNING STRATEGIES IN SUPPORTING THE MENTAL WELL-BEING OF SLOW LEARNERS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Mindful learning strategies act as a relevant learning approach for slow learners who need a calmer, more conscious and focused learning approach to support their mental well-being. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the application of mindful learning strategies in supporting the mental well-being of slow learner students and identifying supporting and inhibiting factors for its implementation. This research strengthens learning theories that prioritize psychological health as a foundation for slow learners. This research is a qualitative research with a case study design. Research data was obtained through observation of learning activities, interviews with classroom teachers and tutors, and documentation of the learning process in the classroom. The validity of the data in this study is through source triangulation and technique triangulation. The data analysis technique is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed that (1) mindful learning was applied through: simple breathing exercises, teaching that focused on one activity in full, self-reflection after learning; (2) Factors supporting implementation include teacher support, classroom atmosphere, suitability of learning methods, and support from schools, while inhibiting factors include time constraints, variations in students' abilities, and unstable environmental atmosphere
STYLISTIC ANALYSIS OF IMAGERY IN THE POETRY COLLECTION OF SLEEPING SONGS BY AMA GASPAR
This study aims to describe the type, distribution, and tendency of the use of imagery in the collection of poems Lagu Sleep by Ama Gaspar as a representation of the aesthetic strategy of contemporary Indonesian poetry. The focus of the research is directed at six types of imagery, namely visual, hearing, smell, taste, tactile and movement images, which play an important role in building the reader’s aesthetic meaning and experience. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a type of literature research. The data source is in the form of a collection of poems Sleeping Song by Ama Gaspar which contains 82 poems, with 52 poems selected as research data based on the completeness and clarity of the imagery elements. Data in the form of words, phrases, and expressions were analyzed using content analysis techniques through the stages of identification, classification, and interpretation of images. The validity of the data is maintained through repeated reading and checking the consistency of classification by peer researchers. The results of the study showed that 151 imaging data were found spread across six types of images, with details: 50 data visual images, 35 data auditory images, 32 motion images, 18 sensory images, 10 sensory images, and 6 sensory images. Visual imagery is the most dominant type, characterized by visual depictions of objects, light, colors, and spaces that function to concretize the inner experience of the lyrical figure. Auditory and motion imagery support mood dynamics and emotional conflict, while other imagery enriches layers of affective and symbolic meaning. The discussion suggests that the dominance of visual imagery reflects the tendency of visuality in contemporary poetry, while other variations of imagery show the use of human sensory experience as the primary poetic strategy. The novelty of this research lies in the comprehensive mapping of all types of imagery and its tendency to dominate contemporary poetry works that are relatively new and have not been studied stylistically, especially the work of Ama Gaspar. These findings contribute to the development of the study of the stylistics of Indonesian poetry and can be used as a reference in literary learning.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ELECTRONIC TRAFFIC LAW ENFORCEMENT (ETLE) SYSTEM THROUGH TRAFFIC CCTV SURVEILLANCE AS AN EFFORT TO CRACK DOWN ON VIOLATORS
This study analyzes the implementation of the Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE) system through traffic CCTV surveillance as an effort to enforce traffic violations in Medan City. The objectives of this research are to examine the legal basis of the ETLE system, analyze its implementation by the Traffic Directorate of the North Sumatra Regional Police, and identify obstacles encountered in its application. This research employs a normative juridical method with a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing primary legal materials in the form of statutory regulations and secondary legal materials from legal literature and scholarly works. The results indicate that the legal foundation of the ETLE system is established under Law Number 22 of 2009, Government Regulation Number 80 of 2012, and Police Regulation Number 8 of 2023, which collectively provide legal certainty for electronic-based traffic law enforcement. The implementation of ETLE in Medan City has been conducted through public socialization and CCTV-based monitoring to enhance efficiency and objectivity in traffic law enforcement. However, several obstacles remain, including technical limitations of CCTV facilities, weather conditions, low public awareness, inaccurate vehicle data, and the use of fake license plates. These challenges affect the effectiveness of ETLE implementation and require improved infrastructure and inter-agency coordination.
THE IMPACT OF SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION DIGITALIZATION AND CIRCULAR PRODUCTION ON OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY THROUGH GREEN INNOVATION IN INDONESIA’S OIL, GAS, AND ENERGY SECTOR (SECONDARY DATA FROM ANNUAL REPORTS AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTS, 2020-2024)
The oil and gas sector is the backbone of national energy, yet it faces challenges in maintaining operational efficiency amidst the pressure of transitioning toward Net Zero Emission (NZE) 2060. This study analyzes the impact of Digital Supply Chain Integration (DSCI) and Circular Production (CP) on Operational Efficiency (OE) with Green Innovation (GI) as a mediating variable. The research focuses on Indonesian oil, gas, and energy companies from 2020 to 2024. The method is quantitative, using path analysis on secondary data from Annual Reports and Sustainability Reports. Results show that Digital Supply Chain Integration has no significant effect on Green Innovation or Operational Efficiency, indicating digital investments are not yet optimized for ecological and cost-efficiency goals. Conversely, Circular Production has a significant negative effect on Operational Efficiency, showing circular practices reduce operational costs through primary input savings. Further, Operational Efficiency has a significant positive effect on Green Innovation. The mediation test confirms that Green Innovation mediates the relationship between Circular Production and Operational Efficiency via eco-design-based innovation. These findings highlight efficiency as an essential foundation for energy companies to achieve sustainable green innovation.
EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF PROGRAM AND ACTIVITY PLANNING AT THE SOCIAL AFFAIRS OFFICE OF MALUKU PROVINCE: A DATA-BASED PARTICIPATORY PLANNING PERSPECTIVE
This study examines the quality of program and activity planning at the Social Affairs Office of Maluku Province from a data-based participatory planning perspective. High-quality planning is essential for ensuring that social welfare programs are effective, efficient, and responsive to real community needs, particularly in a geographically dispersed and socially diverse region such as Maluku. Using a qualitative research approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and document analysis involving key planning actors within the institution. The findings indicate that planning practices have increasingly incorporated stakeholder participation and the use of social data to identify priority issues and design targeted interventions for vulnerable groups. Participatory mechanisms involving government units, community representatives, and traditional leaders contribute to greater contextual relevance and policy alignment. In addition, the utilization of integrated social data supports more evidence-based decision-making and program justification. However, the study also reveals several challenges, including limited depth of stakeholder involvement in decision-making, inconsistencies in data quality and integration, uneven analytical capacity among planners, and weak feedback follow-up mechanisms. These constraints limit the full realization of participatory and data-driven planning as a strategic tool for social development. The study concludes that strengthening institutional capacity, improving data governance, and enhancing inclusive participation are critical to improving planning quality and ensuring sustainable social welfare outcomes in Maluku Province.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DEEP LEARNING IN INTERNATIONAL KINDERGARTENS IN INDONESIA AND SOUTHERN THAILAND
Global changes in education demand learning strategies that can develop 21st-century skills, making the deep learning approach increasingly relevant in fostering conceptual understanding and meaningful learning experiences. This study compares the implementation of deep learning in early childhood education at PG-TK Semesta International School, Indonesia, and Satit Phatna Witya School, Southern Thailand, to identify similarities, differences, and factors influencing their success. The study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a comparative study design, utilizing observation, interviews, and documentation, which was then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results show that both schools apply deep learning principles with different approaches: PG-TK Semesta emphasizes learning by doing through projects and environmental exploration, while Satit Phatna Witya integrates cultural values ​​and utilizes technology in its learning process. Supporting factors include the role of teachers as facilitators, a conducive learning environment, technological support, and a positive school culture. Meanwhile, the barriers include variations in children's abilities, limited teacher understanding, language differences, and unequal learning resources. This research demonstrates that the success of deep learning is determined by teacher readiness, environmental support, and contextual learning strategies. This research also helps advance the use of adaptable deep learning methods in early childhood education.
THE EFFECT OF PERCEPTION AND ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY ON DISORIENTATION IN ECONOMICS LEARNERS IN MAN CITY OF MOJOKERTO
This study aims to analyze the influence of student perception and academic self-efficacy on disorientation in economics learning among class XI IPS students of MAN Kota Mojokerto. Disorientation in learning, characterized by confusion, loss of learning direction, and unclear learning objectives, is a significant issue that impacts students' low motivation and academic achievement. This study uses a quantitative explanatory approach with a sample of 80 respondents selected using the Slovin formula. Data were collected through a closed Likert-scale questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out through classical assumption tests and multiple linear regression to determine the partial and simultaneous effects of the two independent variables on disorientation in economics learning. The results showed that academic self-efficacy had a negative and significant effect on disorientation in learning (0.005, which is less than (p < 0.05), which means that the higher the academic self-efficacy, the lower the level of disorientation experienced by students. Conversely, student perception did not have a significant effect on disorientation in learning (0.922, which is greater than (p > 0.05). These findings indicate that internal factors, such as self-confidence, play a stronger role in determining the direction and clarity of students' learning goals. This study concludes that strengthening academic self-efficacy is essential to reduce disorientation and increase the effectiveness of economics learning.
NEGOTIATING GENDER ROLES IN CULTURE-BASED CREATIVE ECONOMIES: A STUDY OF THE KAMPOENG LAMA TOURISM VILLAGE COMMUNITY, DELI SERDANG REGENCY
This study aims to analyze the influence of gender equality and community participation on affirmative economic development in the tourism village of Hariara Pohan, with tourism village sustainability functioning as a mediating variable. The objective is to understand how social empowerment and cultural governance contribute to equitable and long-term economic benefits in community-based tourism. The research used a quantitative survey method and involved 165 respondents who were actively engaged in tourism and local creative economy activities. A structured questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale was administered, and data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to assess both direct and indirect causal relationships among the studied variables. The results indicate that gender equality and community participation significantly enhance tourism village sustainability, particularly through strengthened decision-making roles, cultural heritage protection, and collective responsibility. Both variables also directly influence affirmative economic development by improving micro-enterprise growth, access to capital, and fair distribution of tourism income across households. Furthermore, tourism village sustainability mediates these relationships, demonstrating that social empowerment leads to stable economic outcomes when supported by cultural preservation and environmental stewardship. In conclusion, the study underscores that sustainable and inclusive tourism development requires not only economic planning, but also equitable participation, gender-balanced leadership, and strong cultural identity. These elements are essential for building resilient rural tourism economies.
COPING STRATEGIES OF MINISTERS IN DEALING WITH DUAL ROLE CONFLICTS AT THE GTDI CHURCH IN LUMBAN TONGATONGA VILLAGE
This study aims to describe the dual role conflict experienced by church ministers, its impact on their ministry and work roles, and the coping strategies used to deal with this conflict. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research subjects consisted of two church ministers at the Church of God in Indonesia (GTDI) Lumban Tonga-tonga who also had roles as professional workers and family members. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that dual role conflict manifested in the form of time constraints, emotional pressure, and differences in behavioural demands between work, church ministry, and family roles. This conflict has an impact on the effectiveness of ministry, work performance, and the psychological condition of the subjects. To overcome dual role conflict, the subjects developed various coping strategies, including time management, prioritisation, communication with relevant parties, social support from family and fellow ministers, and spiritual strengthening through prayer and reflection on faith. These coping strategies help subjects maintain role balance and continuity of service amid the various role demands they face. This study provides an understanding of the dynamics of dual role conflict among church ministers and the importance of coping strategies in maintaining balance between ministry, work, and family life.
CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL LEARNING FROM A PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE
Character development at the elementary school level has become an increasingly urgent issue due to growing moral challenges arising from social change and the expansion of digital technology. Empirical findings indicate that character education practices in elementary schools remain largely normative and have not yet fully supported deep value internalization among students. This study aims to examine character development in elementary school learning through a philosophy of science perspective, encompassing ontological, epistemological, and axiological dimensions. The research employed a Systematic Literature Review using PRISMA guidelines, analyzing 22 relevant scholarly articles published between 2021 and 2025. The findings reveal that integrating the philosophy of science into elementary learning provides a strong conceptual foundation for character education, where values are not merely introduced as rules but are understood, interpreted, and practiced through reflective and contextual learning experiences. In conclusion, the philosophy of science perspective can function as a comprehensive pedagogical framework for character development in elementary school students.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES FOR BPJS PATIENTS AND GENERAL PATIENTS AT WALUYO JATI REGIONAL PUBLIC HOSPITAL
Health services constitute a fundamental element in the administration of public governance, particularly as they relate to citizens’ basic rights to access quality and equitable health protection. This study examines in depth the dynamics of responsiveness and accountability in public service delivery within the context of healthcare services at RSUD Waluyo Jati Kraksaan, focusing on two primary groups of service users: BPJS patients and general patients. The analysis is conducted through the theoretical framework of New Public Service (NPS), which positions the public interest as the central objective of service delivery and emphasizes that government and public institutions must serve citizens in a humane, empathetic, participatory, and democratic manner. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach to understand service-related phenomena within their social context, relying on in-depth interviews, field observations, and administrative documentation. The findings indicate that RSUD Waluyo Jati demonstrates an initial commitment to providing equitable and public-oriented services; however, in practice, several complex gaps remain. These include prolonged waiting times for BPJS patients, disparities in service perceptions between BPJS and general patients, limited communication between the hospital and service users, and suboptimal transparency in service procedures. The implementation of key NPS principles such as Serve Rather Than Steer, The Public Interest Is the Aim, and Accountability and Transparency has not yet been fully realized in daily service practices. This study concludes that strengthening service digitalization, enhancing public communication capacity, reforming queue management systems, and simplifying BPJS administrative procedures constitute strategic measures to improve the delivery of responsive and accountable healthcare services.
LINKING CARBON DISCLOSURE AND CARBON PERFORMANCE TO FIRM VALUE: AN INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL VALUE CREATION MODEL
This study investigates the impact of financial flexibility, CSR disclosure, carbon emission reporting, and carbon performance on the valuation of Indonesian energy firms (2019-2023), moderated by corporate governance. To address the research objectives, a quantitative framework was utilized through panel data regression analysis with STATA 15. This study comprised 42 energy sector companies, selected via purposive sampling. The findings elucidate that financial slack has an influential positive effect on firm value, while CSRD has no direct effect but becomes influential when moderated by corporate governance. CED has an influential positive effect on firm value, while CP demonstrates no measurable impact. These findings confirm that transparency of social and environmental information is more valued by the market than actual environmental performance in creating sustainable value.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA COMMUNICATION STRATEGY IN ENHANCING BRAND AWARENESS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE FOUNDER’S EXPERIENCE OF TILOVAVE.ID
The rise of social media has transformed marketing communication, particularly for MSMEs and local brands building brand awareness. It now serves not only as a promotional tool, but also as an interactive space for storytelling and creating emotional connections. This study aims to explore the meaning of social media communication strategies for increasing brand awareness, based on the subjective experience of Tilovave.id’s founder. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, it examines the founder’s experiences, values, and meaning-making around implemented strategies. Data were collected through an in-depth interview with the founder, digital observation of social media activity, and documentation of posts and audience interactions. Thematic analysis followed stages of data condensation, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Findings reveal that Tilovave.id’s strategy is understood as building an authentic brand identity through visual consistency, experience-based storytelling, communicating quality and trust, and sustained two-way interaction. Authenticity and emotional engagement emerge as key to organic brand awareness where the audience not only recognizes the brand visually, but also develops trust and emotional bonds. The study contributes theoretically by enriching digital marketing communication research through a phenomenological lens, and practically by aiding MSMEs in designing more meaningful, authentic, and relationship-oriented social media strategies.
HOPE AND PEER ATTACHMENT AS PREDICTORS OF RESILIENCE IN S1 UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE SPECIAL REGION OF YOGYAKARTA
Resilience is a critical psychological capacity that enables individuals, particularly students, to recover from various stressors and challenges. Students with low resilience tend to be more vulnerable to stress and less capable of adapting to life’s adversities. Previous research has demonstrated that both hope and peer attachment individually influence resilience. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of hope and peer attachment as predictors of resilience both jointly and individually among undergraduate students enrolled in universities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY). This study employed a quantitative approach with a survey research design. The research was conducted at several universities across the DIY, involving 393 undergraduate students selected through incidental sampling. Data were collected using three standardized instruments: (1) the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS); (2) the Hope Scale developed by Snyder; and (3) the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) by Armsden and Greenberg. The content validity of all instruments was confirmed using the Gregory formula, with each instrument scoring a value of 1.00. Reliability testing indicated acceptable to excellent internal consistency, with Cronbach’s Alpha values of 0.661 for the BRS, 0.933 for the Hope Scale, and 0.931 for the IPPA. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression, performed with SPSS version 25. The results of the study indicate that: (1) hope and peer attachment jointly serve as significant predictors of resilience among undergraduate students in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with an F value of 80.369 and a significance level of α = 0.000 (p < 0.05); (2) hope is a significant individual predictor of resilience, with a T value of 10.471 and α = 0.000 (p < 0.05); and (3) peer attachment is also a significant predictor, with a T value of 9.410 and α = 0.000 (p < 0.05). The combined contribution of hope and peer attachment to resilience is 29.2%, with hope accounting for 21.9% and peer attachment accounting for 18.5% of the variance in resilience.
EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGILE EDUCATION FRAMEWORK IN DEVELOPING STUDENTS' ACADEMIC RESILIENCE AT PKBM FLEXI SCHOOL
Currently, there has been no comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of the framework's implementation in developing students' academic resilience. This study aims to evaluate the application of the Agile Education Framework in developing students' academic resilience at PKBM Flexi School through the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) evaluation model. This study is a qualitative study involving several evaluation subjects such as the principal, teachers, and students. The study was conducted at PKBM Flexi School, Tangerang, Indonesia. Data collection techniques included interviews. Data were validated by triangulation of techniques and sources. Data were analyzed using interactive analysis through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing and testing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the first component of the context indicates that the implementation of the Agile Education Framework in PKBM Flexi School has a strong philosophical, regulatory, and institutional foundation. The second component of the input indicates that the readiness of human resources, facilities, and funding at PKBM Flexi School to support the implementation of Agile Education. The third component of the process in the implementation of the Agile Education Framework in PKBM Flexi School shows a dynamic, adaptive, and student-centered learning process. The fourth component of the product shows that the implementation of Agile Education has a significant impact on the development of students' academic resilience. Overall, the evaluation of the implementation of the Agile Education Framework has a positive contribution to the development of students' academic resilience.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGAINST VIOLATIONS OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN PUBLIC (STUDY AT THE LABUHAN BATU POLICE)
Freedom of expression in public is a fundamental pillar in a democratic state guaranteed by the Indonesian constitution, particularly Article 28E paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and further regulated in Law Number 9 of 1998. However, in practice, law enforcement against violations of this right is often colored by complexity and challenges. Based on this, the formulation of the problem of this study is first, What are the legal regulations regarding violations of freedom of expression in public at the Labuhan Batu Police?, Second, What is the mechanism for law enforcement against violations of freedom of expression in public at the Labuhan Batu Police?; and Third, What factors are the obstacles and supporters in law enforcement against violations of freedom of expression in public at the Labuhan Batu Police?. The method used in this research is empirical legal research with a conceptual approach and statutory regulations. Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews and documentation studies with qualitative descriptive data analysis. The results of this study indicate that. First, related to legal regulations, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Law No. 9/1998 concerning Freedom of Expression in Public, Law (UU) Number 1 of 1946 concerning Regulations on Criminal Law, Law No. 11 of 2008, revised to Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning the Law on Information and Electronic Transactions and Regulation of the Chief of Police of the Republic of Indonesia No. 7 of 2012 concerning Procedures for organizing services, securing and handling security cases of expressing opinions in public. Second, the law enforcement mechanism is multi-layered, from pre-action to enforcement, with the Police Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) as the primary guideline. Third, inhibiting factors include uneven human resource capacity in understanding human rights, the existence of ambiguous articles, political intervention, and a repressive legal culture. Supporting factors include the constitutional basis of the 1955 Constitution and Law No. 9/1998 as the legal basis.
THE EFFECT OF INFLATION, COMPANY SIZE AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO ON STOCK UNDERPRICING MODERATED BY UNDERWRITER REPUTATION IN COMPANIES CONDUCTING INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS (IPOs) ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE FROM 2021 TO 2024
This study evaluates the impacts of inflation, firm size, and leverage, proxied by the debt-to-equity ratio, on IPO underpricing among companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period., with underwriter reputation posited as a moderating construct. Employing a quantitative design, secondary data were extracted from corporate financial disclosures and capital market sources. The final sample comprised 140 underpriced IPO firms selected through purposive sampling. The empirical investigation employed multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results demonstrate that none of the explanatory variables exert statistically significant partial effects on IPO underpricing. Furthermore, underwriter reputation neither directly influences underpricing nor moderates the relationships between inflation, firm size, leverage, and IPO underpricing. Collectively, the explanatory variables also fail to exhibit a significant joint effect. These outcomes suggest that IPO underpricing in Indonesia is driven by determinants beyond the macroeconomic conditions and firm-specific financial attributes examined herein.
TRANSFORMING SCHOOL CULTURE THROUGH CHARACTER EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY OF SD NEGERI 01 DORO
This study explores the role of the school principal in transforming school culture through the implementation of character education at SD Negeri 01 Doro, a primary school in Doro District, Pekalongan Regency, Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The research reveals that the school principal plays a pivotal role in integrating character education into the school's curriculum, extracurricular activities, and daily routines. Through strategic planning, the principal has successfully embedded values such as discipline, responsibility, and cooperation into the school's culture. The study highlights the importance of leadership in creating a positive school environment that supports character development, while also identifying challenges such as limited time and resources for teachers. The findings suggest that with consistent leadership and involvement of the entire school community, significant improvements in both student behavior and academic performance can be achieved. This case study provides valuable insights into how character education can be a powerful tool in reshaping school culture and enhancing the holistic development of students.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DEEP LEARNING, LEARNING ENGAGEMENT, AND EMOTIONAL REGULATION ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF CRITICAL THINKING AND COLLABORATION AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Contemporary education faces substantial challenges in preparing elementary students for twenty-first century competencies, necessitating transformative pedagogical approaches beyond conventional instruction. This quasi-experimental investigation examined the influence of deep learning pedagogy on critical thinking abilities and collaborative competencies among fifth-grade elementary students, by student engagement and emotional regulation hypothesized as mediating mechanisms. Forty participants were systematically allocated into experimental and control cohorts, receiving deep learning intervention and conventional instruction respectively across an eight-week duration. Quantitative analysis utilizing ANCOVA revealed statistically significant enhancement in critical thinking (F = 58.743, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.614) and collaboration (F = 52.186, p < 0.001, partial η² = 0.586) inside of the experimental cohort. Path analysis confirmed partial mediation effects, by student engagement mediating 42.8% of critical thinking variance and 40.3% of collaboration variance, while emotional regulation mediated 29.9% and 31.2% respectively. Structural equation modeling demonstrated acceptable model fit (CFI = 0.942, RMSEA = 0.068), explaining 71.3% of critical thinking variance and 68.7% of collaboration variance. Qualitative observations documented progressive transformation in classroom discourse patterns, collaborative behaviors, and metacognitive awareness. Findings provide empirical substantiation for deep learning implementation in elementary contexts, highlighting interconnected roles of behavioral participation, emotional investment, cognitive strategy deployment, and affective regulation in fostering higher-order thinking and interpersonal competencies essential for future-ready learners. This is an open access article under the CC–BY-SA license.
THE LEGAL STATUS AND JURIDICAL IMPLICATIONS OF IKATAN NOTARIS INDONESIA AS THE EXCLUSIVE PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATION UNDER ARTICLE 82 OF UUJN-P AND MINISTRY REGULATION NO. 24/2025
Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (INI) has long served as the professional forum for notaries in Indonesia. Following the enactment of Law No. 2 of 2014 on Amendments to the Notary Law (UUJN-P), the organization’s status fundamentally changed from voluntary membership into a legally mandated entity, recognized as the single, exclusive professional body for notaries in Indonesia. Further regulatory reinforcement is found in Ministry Regulation No. 24/2025, which confirms INI’s position as a legal entity in the form of an association and assigns strategic authority in supervision, ethical enforcement, and professional development. This legal transformation raises critical issues regarding the hybrid nature of INI as a private legal entity endowed with public functions within the state regulatory framework for notarial office. This article analyzes the legal status of INI under Article 82 of UUJN-P, evaluates whether INI can be considered a state organ in a functional sense, and examines the juridical implications of the exclusive professional organization model on the implementation of notarial duties and public protection. Using normative juridical methods, this research concludes that while INI maintains its character as a private association, its delegated authority creates a dual position that requires clear accountability mechanisms to ensure the integrity of the notarial profession and the protection of public interest.
DETERMINATION OF PAYMENT OF TAX OBJECTS IN THE DEED OF LEASE AGREEMENT FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF TOURISM OBJECTS MADE BY A NOTARY
This study examines the determination of tax obligations in lease agreements for the management of tourism objects, focusing on the Cooperation Agreement for the Utilization of the Pantai Bentar Tourism Object. The research aims to analyze the legal regulation of tax object payment, the legal consequences of the absence of taxation clauses, and the notary’s responsibility when the deed does not clearly stipulate the parties’ rights and obligations. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches, with legal materials collected through library and document research on regional asset management, taxation, and notarial law. The findings indicate that although the agreement formally fulfills the requirements of Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code, it substantively fails to comply with mandatory legal norms due to the absence of taxation clauses and clear allocation of rights and obligations. This omission violates prevailing fiscal regulations and may cause legal uncertainty and potential regional financial losses. The study concludes that notaries bear professional and administrative responsibility to ensure that authentic deeds comply with mandatory public law provisions to guarantee legal certainty in regional asset management.
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION IN SUPPORTING STUDENT DISCIPLINE IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS
Physical Education has strategic potential in shaping elementary school students' discipline due to its activity-based learning characteristics, rules, and direct experience. This study aims to analyze the role of Physical Education in shaping elementary school students' discipline through the learning process that takes place in the school environment. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. The research subjects included Physical Education teachers and elementary school students. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, learning observations, and documentation, then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions by applying triangulation of sources and techniques to ensure data validity. The results of the study indicate that the formation of student discipline through Physical Education takes place through teacher role models, the application of clear and consistent learning rules, and the habituation of disciplined behavior integrated into physical activities. Students learn to understand the meaning of discipline through direct experience that links orderly behavior with the smooth running of learning activities. This study concludes that Physical Education not only functions as a means of developing physical abilities, but also as an effective vehicle for internalizing the value of discipline in the learning lives of elementary school students.
RECRUITMENT, TRAINING, TECHNOLOGY, AND EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN CREATING HUMAN CAPITAL PERFORMANCE THROUGH AN INNOVATIVE WORK SYSTEM
In the era of digital transformation and globalization, organizations are required to develop innovative human resource management strategies to maintain sustainable competitiveness. Human capital performance increasingly depends on the effective integration of recruitment, training, technology, and employee engagement within an innovative work system. This study aims to analyze how these four strategic components interact to enhance human capital performance in contemporary organizations. The research adopts a qualitative approach using a literature review method by examining relevant national and international academic publications published between 2015 and 2025. Data were collected through a systematic literature review process involving keyword identification, database searching, article selection, and thematic categorization. The data analysis employed thematic content analysis to identify recurring patterns and conceptual relationships among recruitment strategies, training and development, HR technology, employee engagement, and innovative work systems. The findings reveal that strategic recruitment supported by digital technologies improves alignment between employee competencies and organizational goals, while continuous training strengthens employee adaptability and innovative capacity. HR technology serves as an integrative infrastructure that connects recruitment, training, and engagement processes, whereas employee engagement functions as a key mediator in maximizing performance outcomes. Overall, the study concludes that a holistic and integrated innovative work system significantly enhances human capital performance and supports organizational sustainability in the digital era.
CULTURAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF THE TORAJA ETHNIC GROUP IN SOCIAL INTERACTION AT LONG BELEH HALOQ VILLAGE, KEMBANG JANGGUT DISTRICT, KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGENCY
This research aims to identify the social structure of the Toraja ethnic community in Long Beleh Haloq Village, describe cultural adaptation strategies in social interactions within a multiethnic environment, and examine supporting and inhibiting factors affecting adaptation. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation using purposive sampling. Eleven informants participated, consisting of members of the Toraja Family Association (IKAT), Toraja residents, local villagers, and the village head. The research was conducted from February to May 2025. Data analysis followed stages of data collection, reduction, display, and conclusion drawing, while validity was ensured through source and method triangulation. Findings show that the social structure of the Toraja community in Long Beleh Haloq Village is egalitarian and functional, where social status is determined by contribution, responsibility, and social roles rather than lineage. Cultural adaptation strategies include contextual language use, participation in work and communal activities, preservation of the traditional wedding ceremony Rampanan Kapa’, and active roles of families and IKAT in maintaining values of mutual cooperation, solidarity, tolerance, and togetherness. Supporting factors consist of strong internal cohesion, openness, and acceptance from local communities. Inhibiting factors involve differences in customs, coordination constraints, and geographical distance between settlements. Overall, the Toraja community is able to maintain cultural identity while adapting harmoniously to a new social environment through mutual respect and intercultural cooperation within an increasingly diverse rural Indonesian social context.
POLITENESS AND IMPOLITENESS IN CINDERELLA (2015): A PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS
Recent discourse in pragmatic studies has contested the idea that politeness functions solely as a cooperative and harmony-seeking endeavor, particularly in contexts characterized by unequal power relations. This research investigates the functions of politeness and impoliteness as instruments of control in hierarchical interactions. This study utilizes Brown and Levinson's politeness theory, Culpeper's impoliteness framework, and multimodal discourse analysis to investigate the collaborative construction of dominance through linguistic and non-verbal resources in cinematic discourse. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive methodology, the analysis examines specific subtitle dialogues between Lady Tremaine and Cinderella in the film Cinderella (2015), enhanced by multimodal indicators including gaze, intonation, facial expressions, and camera angles. The analysis focuses on important pragmatic factors, such as indirectness, sarcastic politeness, and actions that put someone's face in danger. The results show that people use politeness on purpose to make authority seem real, control behavior, and make domination seem normal. Being rude, on the other hand, strengthens hierarchical control through both words and actions. These findings indicate that politeness in power-laden discourse cannot be interpreted merely as cooperative behavior; it necessitates analysis as a strategic and multimodal practice. The study underscores the importance of extending pragmatic analysis beyond verbal interaction and integrating multimodal perspectives as a best practice in the analysis of power and control in discourse.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HYPERMEDIA IN IMPROVING LEARNING OUTCOMES
This study was conducted to describe the effectiveness of hypermedia in improving learning outcomes in the subject of IPAS on the topic of job diversity for Grade 5 students at SDN Tamanbaru and SDN Kebalenan in the 2024/2025 academic year. This study used the ADDIE model and was designed with a quasi-experimental design. The population in this study consisted of all teachers and students in grade 5 at SDN Tamanbaru (n = 09) as a limited test and students in grades 5A, 5B and 5C at SDN Kebalenan (n = 74), where grade 5A (n = 25) was the control class and grade 5B at SDN Kebalenan (n = 25) was the experimental class. Data analysis techniques are validity test, reliability test, N-Gain test, normality test, Wilcoxon test, homogeneity test, and Independent t-test. The results showed: 1) Hypermedia devices are moderately effective based on N-Gain values at limited test 34.6%; experimental class 39.6%; while the control class 15.6%; 2) The results of the independent test is 0.019<0.05. Thus, hypermedia learning improves learning outcomes, and such learning is more effective than conventional learning.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA TECHNOLOGY ON STUDENTS' READING INTEREST AT SMA NEGERI 1 MOGA PEMALANG REGENCY
This research is motivated by the high intensity of social media use that has the potential to distract students from in-depth reading activities, even though students' literacy competency achievements are relatively adequate. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of social media technology on students' reading interest at SMA Negeri 1 Moga. The research method used a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The study sample consisted of 292 students determined using proportional random sampling techniques. Data analysis was conducted using prerequisite tests and simple linear regression. The results showed that students' reading interest was generally in the low to moderate category, but the aspect of finding reading content on social media was classified as high. There was a positive and significant influence of social media technology on reading interest with a contribution of 30.8%. It was concluded that social media plays a significant role in influencing students' reading interest. It is recommended that schools implement pedagogical strategies to direct the use of social media as a means of supporting constructive literacy.
Strategic Communication and Religious Tolerance in Multicultural Societies: A Bibliometric Review from Scopus Database
Religious tolerance is essential for sustaining social cohesion in multicultural societies shaped by globalization and digital communication. Strategic communication contributes to inclusive narratives and interfaith understanding, yet research integrating these domains remains fragmented. This study systematically maps the intellectual structure, research trends, and gaps in strategic communication and religious tolerance scholarship using a bibliometric approach. A descriptive quantitative analysis examined 290 Scopus-indexed publications published between 1985 and 2025. Citation analysis, co-authorship mapping, and keyword co-occurrence were applied to identify dominant themes, influential contributors, and knowledge structures. The findings indicate a highly centralized research landscape dominated by Western countries, particularly the United States and Australia. Public relations emerges as the principal conceptual framework linking organizational, community, and institutional communication, while religious tolerance is often treated implicitly rather than as a core analytical concept. The study reveals limited representation of non-Western contexts, highlighting a significant research gap and opportunities for more inclusive).
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SOCIAL STUDIES FOR PHASE D OF KURIKULUM MERDEKA (INDONESIA’S MERDEKA CURRICULUM)
The Merdeka Curriculum includes Learning Outcomes (Capaian Pembelajaran or CP) as a key component, serving as the primary reference for teachers in planning and conducting instruction. Recently, the Head of the Agency for Standards, Curriculum, and Educational Assessment (BSKAP) revised the CP, replacing version 032/H/KR/2024 with 046/H/KR/2025. This revision introduces changes that directly affect the expected cognitive levels of student achievement. This research seeks to compare the substance of the Learning Outcomes documents for Social Studies (Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial) in Phase D, to assess the degree of cognitive level changes, and to examine their implications for instructional direction, competency focus, and the intended depth of students’ cognitive abilities. The study uses a comparative document analysis approach.The findings reveal a transition from the dominance of C2 (Understanding) to a broader distribution across higher levels in the revised Bloom’s Taxonomy, including C3 (Applying), C4 (Analyzing), C5 (Evaluating), and C6 (Creating). New operational verbs such as explain, predict, identify, analyze, evaluate, and elaborate emphasize a focus on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). In Phase D Social Studies learning, teachers need to design strategies based on case studies, analytical discussions, collaborative projects, and creative assignments to encourage analysis, evaluation, and creation, making learning more critical, reflective, and innovative.
DAYUN WHISPERS IN BATIK: BUILDING LOCAL CULTURAL IDENTITY THROUGH DAYUN WRITING BATIK
Batik Seni Tulis Dayun is a manifestation of local culture that represents the identity, values, and narrative of the Dayun Village community, Siak Regency. This research aims to examine the production process, the symbolic meaning of the motifs, and the marketing strategy of Batik Seni Tulis Dayun as a form of cultural preservation in the midst of modernization and digitalization. Using an ethnographic approach with participant observation and in-depth interview methods, this research highlights how each stage in the production process from motif printing, pencantingan, coloring, lorod, to finishing has a strong charge of traditional and educational values. The motifs, such as watermelon leaves, pompa angguk, olang-olang dance, and senduduk leaves, were born from the socio-economic reality of the community and reflect their closeness to the natural environment and local culture. In terms of marketing, businesses are utilizing digital platforms and collaboration with the local industry sector to increase exposure and competitiveness. However, challenges such as the digital divide, limited technical training, and lack of regeneration of young batik makers still hamper the development of these businesses. This study emphasizes the importance of cross-sectoral support in maintaining the sustainability of Batik Seni Tulis Dayun as a superior cultural product that can compete in the market while strengthening local identity.
BRIEF READING, SIGNIFICANT IMPACT: THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A 15 MINUTE READING HABITUATION PROGRAM USING PICTURE STORYBOOKS TO STRENGTHEN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ CHARACTER
Strengthening character education at the elementary school level is increasingly important in addressing contemporary educational challenges. One practical strategy widely implemented in schools is a 15-minute reading habituation program utilizing picture storybooks. This study aims to systematically examine the contribution of short reading habituation using picture storybooks to the development of elementary school students’ character. This research employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by analyzing relevant national and international journal articles published between 2022 and 2025. Data were collected from reputable academic databases and analyzed descriptively to identify key patterns related to literacy practices, character formation, and the pedagogical role of picture storybooks. The findings indicate that consistent short-duration reading activities effectively support the internalization of character values such as honesty, responsibility, discipline, empathy, and cooperation. Picture storybooks facilitate value transmission through narrative and visual elements that align with children’s cognitive and emotional development, enabling moral learning to occur naturally and enjoyably. In conclusion, the 15-minute reading habituation program using picture storybooks represents a simple yet sustainable literacy-based strategy for strengthening character education in elementary schools when
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF AUGMENTED REALITY TECHNOLOGY ON THE MOTIVATION TO LEARN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN VOCATIONAL SCHOOLS
Islamic Religious Education (IRE) learning in secondary schools is still often conducted using conventional methods, resulting in suboptimal student participation and learning motivation. The development of educational technology provides opportunities to create more interactive learning experiences, one of which is through the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of AR-based learning in improving students learning motivation in PAI subjects at Vocational High School (SMK). This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design and purposive sampling technique. The research subject cosisted of 46 students divided into an experimental group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 25). Learning motivation was measured using a questionnaire based on the ARCS model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satifaction). Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics (Mean and N-Gain), and inferential statistics, including prerequisite tests, paired sample t-test, independent sample t-test, complemented by effect size analysis using cohen’s d. The result indicated a significant difference in learning motivation between the experimental and control groups after treatment (p < 0.0001) with a cohen’s d value of 1.767, indicating a large effect size. These findings suggest that AR-based learning is effective in enhancing students learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education.
INTEGRATING VALUES-ORIENTED DEEP LEARNING TO PROMOTE GLOBAL CITIZENSHIP ATTITUDES AMONG PRIMARY LEARNERS
This study aims to analyze the effect of applying deep learning integrated with the values of QS. Al-Hujurat verses 9–13 on strengthening elementary school students' attitudes toward global diversity. The study uses a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest–posttest pre-experimental design. The research subjects consisted of 34 fifth-grade students at SDN Wonoplintahan 2. The research instrument was a global diversity attitude test that included indicators of empathy, tolerance, appreciation of differences, solidarity and cooperation, and global responsibility. The Shapiro–Wilk normality test, paired sample t-test, and Eta effect size were used to analyze the data. All analyses were conducted using SPSS 25. The results showed a significant increase in global diversity attitude scores after the intervention, with a large effect size and a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05). These results indicate that QS. Al-Hujurat can effectively and sustainably shape the global diversity attitudes of elementary school students.
MANAGEMENT OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ADMINISTRATION IN STRENGTHENING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING TEACHERS AT GEMBALA BAIK SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL, PONTIANAK
This study aims to describe the management of guidance and counseling (GC) administration in strengthening the professional competence of guidance and counseling teachers at SMA Gembala Baik Pontianak. The research employed a descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies involving guidance and counseling teachers, the principal, vice principals, students, and parents. Data analysis used the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the management of guidance and counseling administration has been implemented through planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation stages; however, it has not yet been optimal in terms of service documentation and the scheduling of face-to-face counseling sessions. The management of GC administration contributes to strengthening the professional competence of guidance and counseling teachers, particularly in mastering service programs, applying professional ethics, and evaluating services. The main constraints include the limited number of guidance and counseling teachers, high administrative workload, and limited service time. Solutions include strengthening school coordination, utilizing administrative technology, and enhancing managerial support.
IMPLEMENTATION OF STUNTING REDUCTION POLICY IN MUARA JAWA DISTRICT, KUTAI KARTANEGARA REGENCY
This study aims to implement the Policy to Reduce Stunting Rates in Muara Jawa Subdistrict, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, and to examine the supporting and inhibiting factors that influence its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The Implementation Framework refers to Edward III's theory, which covers four dimensions of policy implementation: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure, adding two additional dimensions, namely supporting and inhibiting factors.The results of the study show that the implementation of the policy to reduce stunting rates in Muara Jawa Subdistrict is driven by a very strong and integrated governance system, supported by factors of communication (very effective and consistent), disposition (high and controlled commitment), and bureaucratic structure (adaptive and convergent). The main strength lies in the authoritative authority of the sub-district head, who has successfully controlled sectoral egos and integrated financial resources quickly through the involvement of the village head (TPPS). However, the overall effectiveness of implementation is structurally hampered by a serious resource deficit. These obstacles include a quantitative deficit of technical human resources (nutritionists/midwives) and volunteers (cadres) who are vulnerable due to high workloads and low incentives, as well as a structural deficit of sensitive intervention facilities (sanitation and clean water) that require large budgets beyond the authority of the sub-district level. Strengthening structural resources, enhancing functional human resource support, and enriching educational communication.
STRENGTHENING SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING THROUGH INTEGRATION OF GLOBAL GENDER EQUALITY PERSPECTIVES
Gender equality is a global issue that continues to face challenges in its implementation across countries. School learning plays a strategic role in instilling the values of justice and equality from an early age. One such approach is through the subject of Social Studies. This article aims to examine how strengthening Social Studies learning through the integration of a global perspective on gender equality makes learning more relevant, contextual, and better able to foster critical awareness in students. This research uses a literature review. Data were obtained from various literature sources, including national and international journal articles and books related to Social Studies learning themes, gender equality, and global perspectives. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically by mapping the relationship between ten main Social Studies themes and gender equality issues in a global context. The results of the study indicate that gender equality can be integrated comprehensively into Social Studies subject themes, such as culture, history, environment, individual identity, social relations, power, economics, technology, global connections, and citizenship. The integration of a global perspective into Social Studies learning helps students understand gender equality as a cross-border, cross-cultural social issue. Thus, Social Studies learning plays a vital role in fostering inclusive, just, and responsible attitudes among global citizens.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF ADOPTED CHILDREN’S RIGHTS UNDER THE CIVIL CODE AND ISLAMIC INHERITANCE LAW
Child adoption transcends mere legal formality, representing a profound social and humanitarian responsibility. Its core must be the child’s best interests, not just fulfilling parental desires, thereby offering children a path to a more prosperous life. This research employs a normative juridical method, utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches to compare the legal protection of adopted children’s rights under the Civil Code and Islamic Inheritance Law. The findings reveal distinct paradigms. The Civil Code establishes adopted children in a position equal to biological children regarding custody, care, guardianship, and education. It ensures legal parity, administrative certainty, and prioritizes parental suitability for the child’s welfare. Conversely, Islamic law maintains the child’s lineage with their biological parents; adoption does not create a blood relationship. It is viewed as a social responsibility and virtuous deed. Nonetheless, Islam fundamentally supports initiatives for child protection and welfare. A key mechanism is the obligatory bequest (wasiat wajibah), which guarantees inheritance rights for adopted children. This provides concrete legal protection, as explicitly stipulated in Article 209 of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), ensuring their financial security while honoring biological lineage principles. Thus, both systems, through different means, aim to safeguard the rights and future of adopted children.
The THE ROLE OF PARENTAL PATTERNS IN SUPERVISING LEARNING AT HOME FOR VULNERABLE STUDENTS IN GRADES 1 TO 3 OF MANTINGAN 3 ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
This study aims to examine the role of parental parenting patterns in supervising home-based learning for vulnerable students in Grades 1–3 at SDN Mantingan 3. A descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design was employed to gain in-depth understanding of social phenomena and the meanings behind parents’ guidance behaviors. Primary data were collected through observations and in-depth interviews with parents, while secondary data were obtained from relevant literature. Data analysis was conducted interactively using Miles and Huberman’s model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that democratic parenting is the most effective style for supporting home learning, characterized by warm communication, clear guidance, opportunities for children to ask questions and experiment, and consistent emotional support. This approach enhances intrinsic motivation, self-confidence, curiosity, learning independence, time management, task completion, and self-evaluation. Supporting factors include parental commitment, a conducive learning environment, emotional closeness, and active communication with teachers, while main obstacles are limited parental time, low academic competence, socioeconomic constraints, and environmental distractions.
INDONESIAN LANGUAGE EDUCATION BASED ON LEARNING OUTCOMES IN THE TEACHING MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT COURSE AT THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATRA
This study aims to describe Indonesian language education based on learning outcomes in the Teaching Material Development course at the Islamic University of North Sumatra. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, learning observations, and documentation studies, then analyzed using an interactive analysis model. The results of the study show that the formulation of learning outcomes has referred to the learning outcomes of graduates, but some of the formulations are still general and have not been fully measured. The implementation of learning has implemented an active learning strategy, but the relationship between learning activities and learning outcomes has not been fully understood by students. The development of Indonesian teaching materials shows a systematic structure, but learning evaluation is still predominantly oriented towards the knowledge aspect. This study concludes that it is necessary to strengthen the alignment between learning outcomes, learning strategies, and evaluation systems to improve the quality of Indonesian learning in higher education.
ABRAHAM MASLOW’S HUMANISTIC THEORY IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING IN SCHOOLS
This study aims to analyze the implementation of Abraham Maslow’s humanistic theory in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning and its implications for the self-actualization of eleventh grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Madang Suku II OKU Timur. The background of this research is based on the predominance of cognitively oriented and teacher-centered PAI learning, which tends to overlook students’ psychological and humanistic needs. This study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design. The research subjects consisted of PAI teachers and eleventh grade students. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, which includes three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The data validity technique referred to the concept proposed by Moleong, including credibility testing through source triangulation and technique triangulation, as well as prolonged engagement and reference adequacy. The results indicate that Abraham Maslow’s humanistic theory was implemented contextually through the fulfillment of students’ physiological needs, safety needs, love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs within the PAI learning process. The teacher acted as a facilitator who created a safe, comfortable, democratic, and respectful learning environment. The implementation of this theory contributed to increased learning motivation, self-confidence, courage to express opinions, and the development of students’ potential and self-actualization. This study confirms that Abraham Maslow’s humanistic theory is relevant and effective in supporting humanistic, participatory, and meaningful Islamic Religious Education learning.