The Effect of the Inquiry Learning Model on the Historical Thinking Skills of Grade XI Students at SMA Negeri 1 Pandeglang

Pengaruh Model Inqiry Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Historis Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 1 Pandeglang

Abstract

The 21st-century educational paradigm shift demands a transition from teacher-centered to student-centered learning. However, history learning at SMA Negeri 1 Pandeglang is still dominated by conventional methods that hinder the development of students' historical thinking skills, compounded by a lack of prior evaluation regarding historical thinking indicators. This study aims to describe the effect of implementing the inquiry learning model on the historical thinking skills of Grade XI students regarding the Proclamation of Indonesian Independence. A quantitative method with a pre-experimental design (One Group Pretest-Posttest Design) was employed. The sampling technique used non-probability sampling involving 34 students from class XI-12. Data were collected through an essay test based on Sam Wineburg's indicators and analyzed using the parametric Paired Sample T-Test. Descriptive analysis results indicated an increase in the students' average score from 41.24% in the pre-test (very low category) to 66.47% in the post-test (moderate category). Furthermore, hypothesis testing yielded a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (< 0.05) and a t-value of 9.911 > t-table 2.03452, thereby rejecting H₀. In conclusion, the inquiry learning model has a positive and significant effect on improving students' historical thinking skills comprehensively across all measured indicators.