The "Discoverer" of Pancasila and The Abuse of History in Indonesian School Textbooks
Penggali Pancasila dan Penyalahgunaan Sejarah dalam Buku Teks Sekolah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/santhet.v10i3.8878Keywords:
Pancasila, textbooks, abuse of history, historiography, BPUPKAbstract
This study examines the controversy surrounding the "discoverer" of Pancasila, its representation in Indonesian school textbooks, and its pedagogical implications. The controversy stems from conflicting textbook narratives, with some portraying Sukarno as the sole figure who articulated the philosophical foundation of the Indonesian state, while others attribute the proposal of Pancasila to several members of the BPUPK. Using the historical method combined with qualitative content analysis, this study examines Pancasila and History textbooks alongside primary sources, including the official BPUPK minutes, testimonies of historical participants, and relevant historiographical scholarship. The analysis is guided by Marc Ferro's framework on the use and abuse of history. The findings show that the controversy originated in a historiographical construction developed during the New Order period and subsequently reproduced through school textbooks. Source criticism further reveals that the documents used to support Muhammad Yamin's claim as the first proposer of Pancasila lack sufficient authenticity and credibility. The study also identifies selective use of evidence, omission of critical information, and unequal representation of historical actors. It concludes that history instruction should incorporate digitally accessible primary sources to foster source criticism, historical literacy, and critical thinking, while textbook development should be grounded in rigorous historical scholarship.
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