From Common Sense to Reflective Realism "A Dialectical Study of Thomas Reid's Philosophy"
Dari Akal Sehat ke Realisme Reflektif: Kajian Dialektis atas Filsafat Thomas Reid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/santhet.v10i1.6777Keywords:
Thomas Reid, Common Sense Philosophy, Reflective Realism, Epistemology of Trust, Dialogical MoralityAbstract
This study explores Thomas Reid’s philosophy of common sense as a response to the epistemological crisis of the Enlightenment era, marked by skepticism and idealism. Through a dialectical approach, the research examines Reid’s concepts of first principles, direct realism, and moral sense, highlighting their role in restoring trust in reality and moral responsibility. The analysis employs hermeneutic and constructive-dialectical methods to critically assess Reid’s position and its limitations, particularly regarding claims of universality and cultural neutrality. The findings propose a reinterpretation of Reid’s thought into reflective realism and dialogical morality, emphasizing the need for epistemic trust combined with critical openness and ethical dialogue in pluralistic societies. This synthesis offers significant implications for contemporary philosophy of science and ethics, especially in addressing challenges of post-truth and relativism. Reid’s philosophy, when read reflectively, becomes not only a defense of rationality but also a call for intellectual honesty and moral responsibility in navigating modern complexity
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