Dutch Strategy in West Aceh (Aceh War, 1873-1906)
Strategi Belanda di Aceh Barat (Perang Aceh, 1873-1906)
Abstract
The western region of the Aceh Darussalam Kingdom began to be opened and developed in the 16th century on the initiative of the Sultan of Aceh, then continued by Sultan Iskandar Muda by bringing in the Aceh Rayeuk and Pidie people. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 caused international traffic between East and West to become increasingly busy. This influenced international competition in winning trade and fighting over colonial lands in Asia. After the Aceh Besar region was conquered, the geography of West Aceh, which was very politically and economically strategic, also had to be conquered, in order to maintain this very strategic trade route. On the other hand, the appointment of Teuku Umar as Commander of the Aceh War, whose territory was in western Aceh, meant that the Dutch were obliged to conquer this region in order to be able to run their government.
References
Anshoriy, Nasruddin. (2008). Bangsa Gagal Mencari Identitas Kebangsaan. Yogyakarta: LkiS Yogyakarta.
Dukut, Widodo I. (2001). Soerabaja Tempo Doeloe. Surabaya: Dinas Pariwisata Kota Surabaya.
Ensiklopedi Nasional Indonesia Jilid X. (1990). Jakarta: Cipta Adi Perkasa.
Gayo, M.H. (1983). Perang Gayo Alas Melawan Kolonialisme Belanda. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Harrison, Brian. (1960). South East Asia a Short History. London: Mac Millan & Co. LTD.
Hurgronje, Cristian Snouck. (2019) Orang Aceh: Budaya, masyarakat, dan Politik Kolonial (The Achehers), Vol-1, (Terj-Ruslani). Yogyakarta: IrCiSoD.
Koningsveld, P. SJ. Van. (1989). Snouck Hurgronje dan Islam. Jakarta: Girimukti Pasaka.
Kruisheer, A. (1896) Atjeh. Weltevreden: N.V. Boekhandel Visser & Co.
Kuntowijoyo. (2001). Pengantar Ilmu Sejarah. Yogyakarta: Yayasan Bentang Budaya.
Mardanas, Safwan. (2007). Teuku Umar. Jakarta: Departemen Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Republik Indonesia.
M. Dien Madjid. (2014). Catatan Pinggir Sejarah Aceh. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, 2014.
Nieuwenhuijzen, W.C. 1897. De Toekoe Oemar-Politiek, Inleiding en Wording’s Gravenhage and. Batavia: De gebroeders Van Cleef & G. Kolff en Co.
Pieter Antonie van der Lith, A. J Spaan dan F.Fokkens. (1896). Encyclopædie van Nederlandsch-Indie, Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff / EJ Bril.
Reid, Anthony. (2005). Asal Mula Konflik Aceh. Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Reid, Anthony. (2011) Menuju Sejarah Sumatra: antara Indonesia dan Dunia. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia.
Sagimun Mulus Dumadi. (1983). Teuku Umar. Jakarta: Bhratara Karya Aksara,
Said, Muhammad Said. (1961). Aceh Sepanjang Aceh Jilid I. Medan: Diterbitkan oleh Pengarang Sendiri.
Said, Muhammad Said. (2007). Aceh Sepanjang Aceh Jilid 2, Medan: Waspada
Staatsblad Van Nederlandsch Indie nomor 264
Sulasman. (2014). Metodologi Penelitian Sejarah. Bandung: Pustaka Setia
Suny, Ismail. (1980) Bunga Rampai Tentang Aceh. Jakarta: Bharata Karya Aksara.
T Veer, Paul Van. (1985). Perang Aceh (Kisah Kegagalan Snouck Hurgronje). Jakarta: Grafiti Pers.
Van Langen, K.F.H. (1888) Atjeh Westkust, Met Darbij Behoorende Kaart. Leiden: E.J.Brill
