BLINDNESS IN HADITH: TYPOLOGY OF LECTURERS' VIEWS ON HADITH ABDULLAH BIN UMMI MAKTUM IN SUNAN ABŪ DĀWŪD PERSPECTIVE OF DISABILITY PARADIGM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/sosioedukasi.v15i3.9069Keywords:
Visual Impairment, Abdullah Ibn Umm Maktum, Hadith Commentary, Disability Paradigm, Commentators' TypologyAbstract
Despite growing scholarship on disability in Islam, little attention has been paid to how classical hadith commentators conceptualize visual impairment through their interpretations of prophetic traditions. This study addresses this gap by analyzing the perspectives of hadith commentators (shurrāḥ al-ḥadīth) on visually impaired persons through the hadith of Abdullah ibn Umm Maktum in Sunan Abū Dāwūd and reconstructing a typology of their interpretations using the disability paradigm as an analytical framework. This study employed library research with an interpretative and comparative approach. Primary sources consisted of Sunan Abū Dāwūd, Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd by Ibn Raslān, Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd by 'Abd al-Muḥsin al-'Abbād, and Badhl al-Majhūd fī Ḥall Sunan Abī Dāwūd by Khalīl Aḥmad al-Sahāranfūrī. Data were collected through documentation and takhrīj bi al-lafẓ and analyzed using content analysis, comparative analysis, and interpretation based on the disability paradigm. The findings indicate that all three commentators agree that visual impairment does not prevent a person from serving as an imam, although they employ different interpretive emphases. Ibn Raslān represents an Inclusive-Legitimative typology through his emphasis on prophetic recognition of competence, al-'Abbād develops an Inclusive-Accommodative typology by highlighting practical support for religious participation, and al-Sahāranfūrī constructs an Inclusive-Dialogical typology through the presentation of diverse scholarly opinions. Collectively, these typologies reflect the principles of the Inclusion Model by recognizing the religious authority, participation, and dignity of persons with visual disabilities. This study contributes to hadith scholarship by introducing the disability paradigm as a framework for interpreting classical hadith commentaries and by proposing a conceptual typology that enriches contemporary Islamic disability studies.
References
Abī Ḥātim al-Rāzī, A. M. ʿAbd al-R. ibn. (1952). Al-Jarḥ wa al-Taʿdīl (1st ed., Vol. 4). Maṭbaʿat Majlis Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-ʿUthmāniyyah.
Adnan, Z. (2023). Methodology study Hadith by Imam Bukhari. THARWAH: Journal of Islamic Civilization and Thought, 3(1), 15–32.
al-Saharanfuri, K. A. (2006). بذل المجهود في حل سنن أبي داود (Bazl al-Majhūd fī Ḥall Sunan Abī Dāwūd) (1st ed., Vol. 3). Markaz al-Shaikh Abi al-Hasan al-Nadwi li al-Bahuth al-Dirasat al-Islamiyyah.
al-Sijistāni, A. D. S. ibn al-A. (n.d.). Sunan Abī Dāwūd (M. M. al-D. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd (ed.); Vol. 1). al-Maktabah al-ʿAṣriyyah.
Alqazlan, S. (2026). Disability in Islamic Tradition: Theological, Legal, and Sociocultural Perspectives. Journal of Disability & Religion, 1–20.
Fatah, A., & Andaluzi, F. (2025). Al-Nasā’ī’s Method of Hadith Criticism in His Sunan (al-Mujtabā): A General Overview. Iltifat: Journal of Qur’an and Hadith Studies, 1(02), 123–131.
Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, A. ibn ʿAlī ibn. (1325). Tahdhīb al-Tahdhīb (1st ed.). Maṭbaʿat Dāʾirat al-Maʿārif al-Niẓāmiyyah.
Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, A. ibn ʿAlī ibn. (1415). Al-Iṣābah fī Tamyīz al-Ṣaḥābah (ʿĀdil Aḥmad ʿAbd al-Mawjūd & ʿAlī Muḥammad Muʿawwaḍ (eds.); 1st ed., Vol. 1). Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyyah.
Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī, A. ibn ʿAlī ibn. (1986). Taqrīb al-Tahdhīb (M. ʿAwwāmah (ed.); 1st ed.). Dār al-Rashīd.
Khofifah, I. U., Khanifah, R. N., & Romadhon, R. I. (2025). A CRITICAL STUDY OF MISINTERPRETATIONS OF PROPHETIC HADITH ON DISABILITY. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 14(001), 339–416.
Mizzi, J. al-D. A. al-Ḥajjāj Y. al-. (1980). Tahdhīb al-Kamāl fī Asmāʾ al-Rijāl (B. ʿAwwād Maʿrūf (ed.); 1st ed.). Muʾassasat al-Risālah.
Puspitasari, N. S., Irfan, M. Z., & Al Faritzi, M. R. (2024). Disability in the Qur’an Manifestation of Repositioning from Exclusive to Inclusive. Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an, 20(2), 123–135.
Rashid, M. S. A. (2019). Ulum al-Hadith wa al-Syarah. Prenada Media.
Raslān al-Maqdisī al-Ramlī al-Shāfiʿī, S. al-D. A. al-ʿAbbās A. ibn Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī ibn. (2016). Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd (1st ed., Vol. 3). Dār al-Falāḥ li al-Baḥth al-ʿIlmī wa Taḥqīq al-Turāth.
Robinson, M. (1998). Human Rights and Disabled Person. In R. Hurst (Ed.), Are Disabled People Included? Disability Awareness in Action. Freeways Print.
Santoso, M. B., & Apsari, N. C. (2017). A Paradigm Shift in Disability. Intermestic: Journal of International Studies, 1(2).
Sholeh, M. B., & Musyafiq, A. (2025). The Sunan Hadith Collection as a Methodological Instrument: A Novel Study of Its Typology, Quality, and Role in Legal Inference. El-Sunnah: Jurnal Kajian Hadis Dan Integrasi Ilmu, 6(2), 231–248.
Umam, K. (2024). Hadiths on The Prophet’s Attitude Toward Differences. UInScof, 3(1), 900–915.
Ur Rehman, M. B., & Ramzan, H. M. (2025). A Scholarly Review of Fath al-Wadud bi Sharh Sunan Abī Dāwūd: Methodology, Sources, and Contributions to Hadith Studies. AL-HAYAT Research Journal (AHRJ), 3(1), 144–151.
Wensinck, A. J. (1936). Al-Muʿjam al-Mufahras li Alfāẓ al-Ḥadīth al-Nabawī (Vol. 2). Brill.
Widijantoro, J., & Windrawan, P. (2019). Analysis of Decisions for Persons with Disabilities Facing the Law (P. Windrawan (ed.); 1st ed.). SIGAB (Inclusion Workshop and Disability Advocacy Movement) Indonesia.
ʿAbbād al-Badr, ʿAbd al-Muḥsin ibn Ḥamad. (n.d.). Sharḥ Sunan Abī Dāwūd (Dars 81, Vol. 81). Islamweb (al-Shāmilah).
.png)
