PUBLIC POLICY MODELLING: A REVIEW AND ANALYSIS FOR GOVERNMENT POLICY TREATISES

Abstract

This study aims to analysed public policy model in the preparation of government policy treatises by examining the meanings, processes, and practices underlying their formulation. Previous studies have predominantly emphasized technocratic and normative approaches to policy modelling, while limited attention has been given to the social, contextual, and interpretive dimensions that shape policy formulation and implementation. This study addresses this gap by exploring how policy models are constructed, legitimized, and translated into practice within institutional settings. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed to gain an in-depth understanding of policy modelling practices. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with key policy actors, observations of policy formulation processes, and analysis of policy documents and meeting minutes. Informants were selected purposively and expanded using snowball sampling based on their direct involvement in drafting policy treatises. This study argues that policy modeling is a socio-politically embedded interpretive process, not merely a neutral technical exercise. Four themes emerge: modeling serves as a governmental legitimacy tool, technocratic approaches often overlook social contexts, actors' tacit knowledge shapes model formulation, and significant gaps exist between formal models and actual implementation. Theoretically, this highlights contextual and experiential dimensions in public policy. Practically, it urges adaptive, context-sensitive policymaking. Future research should use participatory methods and recent sources to compare modeling across sectors and regions.