TRANSACTIONAL POLITICS AND RECIPROCITY AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: AN ANALYSIS OF THE 2024 SIDIKALANG ELECTION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/sosioedukasi.v14i1.5728Keywords:
Politics of Reciprocity, Regional Elections, Clientelism, Patron-Clientele, Sidikalang.Abstract
This study aims to analyze the political practice of reciprocating in the 2024 Regional Elections in Sidikalang District and the factors that affect it. By using a qualitative approach and in-depth interview techniques with various informants such as success teams, community leaders, voters, and party administrators, it was found that the practice of reciprocating favors is the main strategy in building political support. The politics of reciprocity is carried out through the provision of social assistance, promises of projects, and the strengthening of ethnic or religious ties. The main factors driving this practice are patron-client relations, weak political education, party pragmatism, and the dominance of clienteleistic strategies in campaigns. These findings show that local democracy is still colored by transactional relations that hinder the formation of a government that is oriented towards the public interest. Therefore, efforts to improve political literacy, party reform, and law enforcement against money politics are needed to encourage a cleaner and more integrity election process.
References
Ahmad, S. (2017). Dari Mahar Politik Hingga Mental Politik Transaksional: Kajian Komparatif tentang Korupsi di Era Milenial Indonesia. Mizan: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, FAI Universitas Ibn Khaldun (UIKA) Bogor, 5(1), 1–22.
Ambardi, K. (2009). Mengungkap Politik Kartel: Studi Tentang Sistem Kepartaian Di Indonesia Era Reformasi. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia (KPG).
Arianto. (2020). Uang dan Suara: Politik Uang dalam Pemilu Lokal. Pustaka Pelajar.
Arifin, A. (2015). Perspektif Ilmu Politik. PT Rajagrafindo Persada.
Aspinall, E., & Berenschot, W. (2019). Democracy for Sale: Elections, Clientelism and the State in Indonesia. Cornell University Press.
Buehler, M. (2010). Decentralisation and Local Democracy in Indonesia: The Marginalisation of the Public Sphere. ISEAS.
Duwila, I. (2022). Politik Transaksional dalam Pilkada : Tantangan Pengawasan Bawaslu Kepulauan Sula. JSSH: Jurnal Sains, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(2), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.52046/jssh.v2i2.732
Ermaya, B. S. (2022). Perilaku Politik Transaksional dan Biaya Tinggi dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah di Indonesia. Jurnal Keadilan Pemilu, 1(2), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.55108/jkp.v1i2.171
Geertz, C. (1973). The Interpretation of Cultures. Basic Books.
Gumelar, R. G., Ahmad, I., & Mukhroman, I. (2021). Pengaruh Transaksional Elit Politik terhadap Model Komunikasi Politik Pilwalkot Serang 2018. Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, 9(1), 94. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkk.v9i1.24439
Hendayana, Y. (2020). Teks dan Konteks dalam Jejak Budaya Takbenda Studi Kasus: Babasan dan Paribasa Sunda. Prosiding Balai Arkeologi Jawa Barat, 215–223. https://doi.org/10.24164/prosiding.v3i1.24
Jatmiko, D. (2022). Pergeseran Politik Aliran menjadi Politik Transaksional dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Langsung Kabupaten Tulungagung Tahun 2018. JRP: Jurnal Review Politik, 12(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.15642/jrp.2022.12.1.1-18
Katimin. (2017). Study Tentang Azas, Pemikiran, dan Praktik dalam Sejarah Politik Islam. Perdana Publishing.
Mietzner, M. (2013). Money, Power, and Ideology: Political Parties in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia. NUS Press Pte Ltd. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1nthsj
Nggilu, N., & Wantu, F. M. (2020). Menapaki Jalan Konstitusional Menuju Zaken Cabinet: Ikhtiar Mewujudkan Pemerintah Berkualitas Konstitusi. Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan, 15(1), 126–140. https://doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v15i1.1653
Pakazeni, I., & Cindy Nabilla. (2020). Analisis Sistem Pemerintahan di Indonesia pada Demokrasi di Era SBY dan Jokowi. TheJournalish: Social and Government, 1(3), 100–109. https://doi.org/10.55314/tsg.v1i3.24
Priono. (2008). Demokrasi Deliberatif: Menimbang Negara Hukum dan Ruang Publik dalam Teori Diskursus Jürgen Habermas. LKiS.
Rizkika, H. L., Ummah, H., Raider, A. W., & Rahmawati, E. I. (2019). Banal Politik Transaksional Para Pemilih (Tinjauan Psikologis). Insight: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi, 15(2), 289. https://doi.org/10.32528/ins.v15i2.2094
Robison, R., & Hadiz, V. R. (2005). Reorganising Power in Indonesia: The Politics of Oligarchy in an Age of Markets. Routledge Curzon.
Rusli, R., Desmaniar, D., & Nofenchi, S. Y. (2020). Eksistensi Syaikh Ahmad Surkati sebagai Tokoh Pembaharuan Islam di Indonesia 1914-1943. Tarikhuna: Journal of History and History Education, 2(2), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.15548/thje.v2i2.2703
Siregar, M., & Harahap, E. W. (2024). Suprastruktur dan Infrastruktur Politik dalam Kehidupan Demokrasi. UNES Law Review, 6(4), 10181–10189.
Sobari, W. (2022). Logika Politik Transaksional Petahana dalam Pilkada: Analisis Pembelahan Politik. Jurnal Keadilan Pemilu, 1(2), 13–24. https://doi.org/10.55108/jkp.v1i2.167
Solihah, R. (2016). Politik Transaksional dalam Pilkada Serentak dan Implikasinya Bagi Pemerintahan Daerah di Indonesia. The POLITICS: Jurnal Magister Ilmu Politik Universitas Hasanuddin, 2(1).
Syaputra, A., & Yusrizal, M. (2020). Koalisi Partai Politik di Kabinet: Antara Penguatan Lembaga Kepresidenan atau Politik Balas Budi. Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal), 9(1), 111. https://doi.org/10.24843/JMHU.2020.v09.i01.p08
Tampubolon, I. (2023). Kampanye, Gratifikasi, dan Politik Transaksional: Ditinjau dari Perspektif Etika Politik Islam. Jurnal Ilmiah Muqoddimah: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, Politik, Dan Humaniora, 7(3), 1008. https://doi.org/10.31604/jim.v7i3.2023.1013-1021
Utomo, W. W. (2022). Spiritualisme dan Politik di Indonesia. Moderate El Siyasi: Jurnal Pemikiran Politik Islam, 1(1), 71. https://doi.org/10.30821/moderateel-siyas.v1i1.11121
Utomo, W. W. (2023). Jokowism Between Political Ideology and Metaphors of Power in Political Polarization in Indonesia. Jurnal Al-Harakah: Jurnal Studi Islam, 5(1).