White Ribbon Movement: Peran Siswa Sekolah Menengah dalam Gerakan Pro-Demokrasi Thailand
Keywords:
Gerakan Sosial, Pro-Demokrasi, Gerakan Pita Putih, Gerakan Pemuda Thailand.
Abstract
Tujuan riset ini untuk menjelaskan peran di balik keterlibatan siswa sekolah menengah dalam protes pro-demokrasi di Thailand pada tahun 2020 dan 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang menggunakan data sekunder yang berasal dari sumber tertulis seperti buku, literatur, jurnal akademik, berita, dan media online yang relevan dengan penelitian ini. Untuk menjelaskan masalah penelitian, digunakan teori peran dan konsep Social Movement. Penelitian menemukan bahwa protes siswa sekolah menengah dimotivasi oleh keluhan terhadap sistem pendidikan yang di anggap telah usang serta menuntut pemerintah yang otoritatif, khususnya monarki. Menuntut agar sistem sekolah diubah menjadi lebih baik serta mengekspresikan diri mereka secara bebas dan tanpa rasa takut akan hukuman fisik adalah sebagaian dari hak demokrasi.
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Wui, M. (2010). Transnational Social Movement: Examining its Emergence, Organizational Form and Strategies, and Collective Identity. Philippine Sociological Society, Vol. 58. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43486330.
Wasserstrom, J. (2020). Hong Kong's protest movement has made a difference for the world. Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://asia.nikkei.com/Opinion/Hong-Kong-s-protest-movement-has-made-a-difference-for-the-world.
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Zed, M. (2004). Metode peneletian kepustakaan (pp. https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=iIV8zwHnGo0C&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Mestika+zed+2004&ots=nfig1NZ7Qk&sig=4BczA2-1WBiU3pyVuOEe0w1McOY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Mestika%20zed%202004&f=false). Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Student flash mob Sparks in a pan or a raging fire - BBC News ไทย. BBC News ไทย. (2020). Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://www.bbc.com/thai/thailand-51640629.
Wongcha-um, Panu. 2020. "Thai School 'Hunger Games' Salute Protests Spread". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-thailand-protests-idUSKCN25E1AT.
"In Pictures: Thai Students’ ‘Hunger Games’ Protests Spread". 2020. Aljazeera.Com. https://www.aljazeera.com/gallery/2020/8/19/in-pictures-thai-students-hunger-games-protests-spread.
Thanaponsangsuth, S., Anamwathana, P., & Preededilok, F. (2021). Thailand’s 2020s Youth-led Anti-government Movement from the lens of High School Students. IAC Education. Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://www.dpublication.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/47-54600.pdf.
A hybrid of print, news and web media and a growing movement by a new generation of Thai people in the 2020s-Kanokrat Root Chusakun. 国際交流基金アジアセンター. (2022). Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://asiawa.jpf.go.jp/culture/features/f-yomu2-thailand-2/.
Lertchoosakul, K. (2012). The rise of the Octobrists: power and conflict among gormer left wing student activists in contemporary Thai politics - LSE Theses Online. Etheses.lse.ac.uk. Retrieved 8 May 2022, from http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/503/.
Thailand’s lese majeste law: A weapon to silence dissent?. Aljazeera.com. (2020). Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/15/thailands-lese-majeste.
Education ministry to integrate junta’s 12 Thai values into education curriculum. Prachatai. (2014). Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://prachatai.com/english/node/4215.
Selway, J. (2020). Thailand’s national moment: Protests in a continuing battle over nationalism. Brookings. Retrieved 8 May 2022, from https://www.brookings.edu/blog/order-from-chaos/2020/11/02/thailands-national-moment-protests-in-a-continuing-battle-over-nationalism/.
Phongpaichit, P. (1999). Theories Of Social Movements And Their Relevance For Thailand. Pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from http://pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th/~ppasuk/theorysocmovt.doc.
Buechler, S. (1995). New Social Movement Theories. The Sociological Quarterly, 36(3), 441-464. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1995.tb00447.x
Staggenborg, S. (2005). Social movement theory. In G. Ritzer (Ed.), Encyclopedia of social theory (Vol. 1, pp. 754-759). SAGE Publications, Inc., https://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781412952552.n278
Unno, A. (2021). “Thalu Gas”: The Other Version of the “Thai Youth Movement”. Researchers At Iseas – Yusof Ishak Institute Analyse Current Events, (146). Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.iseas.edu.sg/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ISEAS_Perspective_2021_146.pdf.
Boonreak, K., & Phaicharoen, N. (2020). Thailand’s ‘Bad Students’ Rise Up to Demand Democracy, Education Reform. Benar News. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.benarnews.org/english/news/thai/th-students-highschool-protests-10132020175940.html.
The revolution will be magical: Harry Potter-themed protest calls for monarchy reform. Prachatai. (2020). Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://prachatai.com/english/node/8696.
Sombatpoonsiri, J. (2020). Student Protests and a New Dawn of Civil Resistance in Thailand. ICNC. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.nonviolent-conflict.org/blog_post/student-protests-and-a-new-dawn-of-civil-resistance-in-thailand/.
‘Our first dictatorship is school’: Thai students revolt. Nypost.com. (2020). Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://nypost.com/2020/09/25/our-first-dictatorship-is-school-thai-students-revolt/.
Reed, J. (2021). Why ‘Bad Students’ give bad marks to Thailand’s schools. Ft.com. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.ft.com/content/f9c33f1e-ad07-4b10-9291-b1bce3331e94.
Peck, G. (2019). Final Election Results Leave Thailand Divided. Thediplomat.com. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://thediplomat.com/2019/05/final-election-results-leave-thailand-divided/
Phasuk, S. (2019). Unending Repression Under Thailand’s Military Junta. Human Rights Watch. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/22/unending-repression-under-thailands-military-junta.
Wright, G., & Praithongyaem, I. (2020). Wanchalearm Satsaksit: The Thai satirist abducted in broad daylight. BBC News. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53212932.
Rasheed, Z. (2020). Why are Thai students protesting against King Vajiralongkorn?. Aljazeera.com. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/8/26/why-are-thai-students-protesting-against-king-vajiralongkorn.
Phaholtap, H., & Streckfuss, D. (2020). The ten demands that shook Thailand - New Mandala. New Mandala. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.newmandala.org/the-ten-demands-that-shook-thailand/.
Harmer, J. (2020). Thai students jeer education minister as protests escalate. The Washington Post. Retrieved 9 May 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/thailands-student-led-protests-against-government-grow/2020/08/18/291ca454-e1b7-11ea-82d8-5e55d47e90ca_story.html.
Sinpeng, A., & Sombatpoonsiri, J. (2020). New tactics, old grievances in Thai protests | East Asia Forum. East Asia Forum. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://www.eastasiaforum.org/2020/09/08/new-tactics-old-grievances-in-thai-protests/.
Waiwitlikhit, Pongsapak. (2020). “The Next Generation?: A Comparison between Thailand’s 1973 Protests and Thailand’s 2020 Protests.” International Journal of Humanities and Social Science 10 (12): 16–25. Retrieved 10 May 2022. https://doi.org/0.30845/ijhss.v10n12p3.
Wui, M. (2010). Transnational Social Movement: Examining its Emergence, Organizational Form and Strategies, and Collective Identity. Philippine Sociological Society, Vol. 58. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://www.jstor.org/stable/43486330.
Wasserstrom, J. (2020). Hong Kong's protest movement has made a difference for the world. Nikkei Asia. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://asia.nikkei.com/Opinion/Hong-Kong-s-protest-movement-has-made-a-difference-for-the-world.
Barron, L. (2020). 'We Share the Ideals of Democracy.' How the Milk Tea Alliance Is Brewing Solidarity Among Activists in Asia and Beyond. Time. Retrieved 10 May 2022, from https://time.com/5904114/milk-tea-alliance/.
Dolowitz, D., & Marsh, D. (1996). Who Learns What from Whom: A Review of the Policy Transfer Literature. Political Studies, 44(2), 343-357. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1996.tb00334.x
Tarrow, S. (2005). The New Transnational Activism. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511791055
Oliveira, O., & Pal, L. (2018). New Frontiers And Directions In Policy Transfer, Diffusion And Circulation Research: Agents, Spaces, Resistance, And Translations. Revista De Administração Pública, 52(2), 199-220. https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220180078
McCargo, D. (2021). Disruptors’ dilemma? Thailand’s 2020 Gen Z protests. Critical Asian Studies, 53(2), 175-191. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2021.1876522
Published
2022-05-17
How to Cite
Livia Rizkysah FajrinD., & Ageng PrakosoH. (2022). White Ribbon Movement: Peran Siswa Sekolah Menengah dalam Gerakan Pro-Demokrasi Thailand . SOSIOEDUKASI : JURNAL ILMIAH ILMU PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL, 11(1), 109-120. https://doi.org/10.36526/sosioedukasi.v11i1.1939
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