Analisis Kritis Efektivitas High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) sebagai Intervensi Metabolik dan Neurokognitif pada Individu dengan Obesitas

Authors

  • Hajar Danardono Independent Researcher
  • Josoef Roepajadi 2Department of Sport Massage Therapy, State University of Surabaya
  • Sapto Wibowo Department of Physical Education, State University of Surabaya
  • Mochamad Purnomo Department of D4 Sports Performance Analysis, State University of Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36526/kejaora.v11i2.8145

Keywords:

obesitas, komposisi tubuh, fisiologi olahraga, kesehatan metabolik, tinjauan kritis

Abstract

Tinjauan literatur integratif ini melakukan dekonstruksi terhadap dogma latihan aerobik kontinu intensitas sedang (MICT) yang dinilai tidak cukup komprehensif dalam mengatasi kompleksitas obesitas sebagai krisis kardiometabolik dan neurodegeneratif ringan. Artikel ini mengevaluasi secara kritis posisi High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) dan Sprint Interval Training (SIT) sebagai "stimulus pleiotropik" yakni agen sinkronisasi adaptasi sistemik yang mampu meregulasi metabolisme perifer dan fungsi kognitif sentral secara simultan. Melalui sintesis analitis terhadap 20 studi kunci, evaluasi berfokus pada restorasi mekanisme seluler (proteostasis otot dan biogenesis mitokondria) hingga psikofisiologis (modulasi nafsu makan dan kenikmatan latihan). Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa HIIT secara superior berfungsi sebagai "vaksinasi stres" biologis yang merestorasi sensitivitas insulin secara independen melalui jalur GLUT4, memicu lonjakan Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) untuk perlindungan neurokognitif, dan menstimulasi hormon anoretik (GLP-1) guna mencegah kompensasi kalori berlebihan. Namun, analisis kritis mengungkap tingginya heterogenitas operasional dari protokol intensitas "all-out" serta masih sangat minimnya studi longitudinal jangka panjang. Tinjauan ini menyimpulkan bahwa efektivitas adaptasi HIIT sangat dipengaruhi oleh profil fisiologis awal (seperti stabilitas sistem otonom), sehingga menegaskan perlunya pergeseran paradigma dari pendekatan "satu ukuran untuk semua" menuju model "Adaptive HIIT" yang berbasis pada prinsip precision exercise medicine.

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Additional Files

Published

2026-09-04

How to Cite

Danardono, H., Roepajadi, J., Wibowo, S., & Purnomo, M. (2026). Analisis Kritis Efektivitas High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) sebagai Intervensi Metabolik dan Neurokognitif pada Individu dengan Obesitas. Jurnal Kejaora (Kesehatan Jasmani Dan Olah Raga), 11(2), 255–263. https://doi.org/10.36526/kejaora.v11i2.8145

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Kejaora (Kesehatan Jasmani dan Olah Raga)

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Artikel

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Copyright (c) 2026 Hajar Danardono, Josoef Roepajadi, Sapto Wibowo, Mochamad Purnomo

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