EKSTRAK TANAMAN KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L.) SEBAGAI AGEN BIOPROTEKTAN TANAMAN PANGAN: LITERATUR REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36526/biosense.v9i2.6623Keywords:
Curcuma longa, bioprotektan, biopestisida nabati, insektisidaAbstract
Ketergantungan terhadap pestisida sintetis dalam sistem budidaya tanaman pangan menimbulkan berbagai dampak negatif, seperti residu pada pangan, pencemaran lingkungan, dan resistensi hama serta patogen. Berbagai tanaman obat dan rempah telah dieksplorasi sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif untuk dikembangkan menjadi bioprotektan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review. Salah satu kandidat penting adalah kunyit (Curcuma longa L.), yang kaya senyawa kurkuminoid dan minyak atsiri. Literatur menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kunyit memiliki aktivitas antijamur, antioomiset, insektisida, dan nematisida terhadap beragam organisme pengganggu tanaman, baik pada fase budidaya maupun pascapanen. Review ini merangkum perkembangan penelitian mengenai fitokimia, mekanisme aksi, spektrum target organisme, serta prospek formulasi dan aplikasi ekstrak kunyit sebagai agen bioprotektan tanaman pangan yang ramah lingkungan.
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