https://sinta.kemdikbud.go.id/authors/profile/5985024https://sinta.kemdikbud.go.id/authors/profile/6028107Jurnal Biosense (jurnal penelitian biologi dan terapannya), terbit berkala 4 kali dalam satu tahun yaitu pada bulan Januari, April, Juli, Oktober, setiap edisi-nya maksimal dapat memuat sebanyak 20 naskah artikel. saat ini telah terakreditasi sinta 5
Universitas PGRI Banyuwangi, Jalan Ikan Tongkol No 01, Telp (0333) 421593, 428592 Banyuwangi 68416
PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER OF INVASIVE BREAST CANCER ANALYSIS AND MOLECULAR INTERACTION WITH Taxus sumatrana PHYTOCOMPOUNDS
Invasive breast cancer remains a leading cause of cancer mortality, requiring reliable prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic agents. Taxus sumatrana contains bioactive compounds with potential anticancer activity. We aimed to analyze gene expression data and identify the worst prognostic of invasive breast cancer as well as analyzing molecular interaction with compounds of T. sumatrana. Gene expression analysis data was conducted by mining transcriptomic and Kaplan-Meier data from the UALCAN database to compare breast tumor and normal tissues and evaluated survival among 100 candidate genes. PGK1 was selected based on high expression and poor prognosis. Subsequently, 31 compounds of T. sumatrana from the KNApSAcK database were subjected to molecular docking against PGK1. PGK1 demonstrated significantly stronger expression in primary tumor tissues than normal tissues. This expression was associated with the poorest survival trend among analyzed biomarkers (TAGLN2, TUBA1B, and COX7B), indicating its prognostic relevance. Taxinine B, Tasumatrol X, and Tasumatrol U were identified as promising compounds according to their favorable binding affinities toward the active site of PGK1, forming hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions at key residues. PGK1 is a promising poor prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in invasive breast cancer. Taxinine B from T. sumatrana may act as potential PGK1 inhibitors and merit further experimental validation.
Copyright (c) 2026 JURNAL BIOSENSE https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
LITERATURE REVIEW: PERBANDINGAN METODE DETEKSI Streptococcus pneumoniae PADA SAMPEL NASOPHARYNGEAL SWAB PADA POPULASI DEWASA
Streptococcus pneumoniae merupakan patogen utama penyebab pneumonia komunitas pada populasi dewasa, dengan kolonisasi nasofaring sebagai tahap awal patogenesis. Deteksi bakteri ini menggunakan sampel nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) memiliki peran penting dalam diagnosis dan surveilans, namun performa diagnostiknya bervariasi tergantung metode yang digunakan. Literature review ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode deteksi S. pneumoniae pada sampel NPS pada populasi dewasa, dengan fokus pada sensitivitas, spesifisitas, dan implikasi klinis. Kajian dilakukan terhadap artikel publikasi tahun 2015–2026 yang melibatkan populasi dewasa (≥18 tahun) dan menggunakan NPS sebagai spesimen utama atau pembanding. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR), khususnya quantitative PCR (qPCR) dengan target gen lytA dan piaB, memiliki sensitivitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan kultur konvensional yang cenderung underestimasi kolonisasi. Namun, sensitivitas NPS pada dewasa tetap terbatas dibandingkan spesimen lain seperti sputum dan orofaring, terutama pada kasus dengan densitas bakteri rendah. Penggunaan multiplex PCR dan panel molekuler meningkatkan diagnostic yield serta memungkinkan deteksi simultan berbagai patogen pernapasan. Selain metode, faktor usia, lokasi kolonisasi, dan jenis sampel turut memengaruhi hasil deteksi. Disimpulkan bahwa PCR merupakan metode yang lebih sensitif dibandingkan kultur dalam deteksi S. pneumoniae pada NPS dewasa, namun keterbatasan biologis NPS perlu dipertimbangkan sehingga kombinasi metode dan sampel dapat meningkatkan akurasi diagnostik. Abstract Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia in adults, with nasopharyngeal colonization representing the initial stage of pathogenesis. Diagnostic detection of this bacterium using nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) specimens plays an important role in clinical diagnosis and surveillance; however, its diagnostic performance varies depending on the method employed. This literature review aimed to compare diagnostic methods for Streptococcus pneumoniae using NPS specimens in adult populations, with a particular focus on sensitivity, specificity, and clinical implications. The review included articles published between 2015 and 2026 involving adult participants (≥18 years) and utilizing NPS as the primary or comparative specimen. The findings indicate that Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based methods, particularly quantitative PCR (qPCR) targeting the lytA and piaB genes, exhibit higher sensitivity than conventional culture methods, which generally detect lower rates of colonization. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of NPS in adults remains limited compared with other specimen types, such as sputum and oropharyngeal swabs, especially in cases with low bacterial density. The use of multiplex PCR and molecular diagnostic panels enhances diagnostic yield and enables the simultaneous detection of multiple respiratory pathogens. In addition to the diagnostic method, factors such as age, colonization site, and specimen type also influence diagnostic outcomes. In conclusion, PCR is a more sensitive method than conventional culture for the detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae in adult NPS specimens. However, the biological limitations of NPS should be taken into account, and combining diagnostic methods with multiple specimen types may improve overall diagnostic accuracy.
UJI KUALITATIF KANDUNGAN KARBOHIDRAT DAN PROTEIN PADA BAHAN PANGAN HEWANI DAN NABATI MENGGUNAKAN METODE BIOKIMIA SEDERHANA
Carbohydrates and proteins are essential macronutrients that play important roles in body metabolism and human nutritional needs. This study aimed to identify the carbohydrate and protein contents in various animal- and plant-based food materials using simple biochemical methods, namely Lugol and Biuret tests. The study employed a qualitative descriptive method with samples consisting of tofu, tempeh, milk, banana, catfish, beef, chicken meat, egg, avocado, and peanuts. Sample preparation was carried out by homogenizing the food materials and adding distilled water to obtain filtrates for testing. The Lugol test was performed to detect starch content based on the formation of a blue-black color, while the Biuret test was used to detect proteins through the formation of a purple Cu–peptide complex. The results showed that banana gave a positive result in the Lugol test indicated by a dark coloration, suggesting the presence of starch, whereas most other samples showed negative results. In the Biuret test, tofu, tempeh, milk, catfish, beef, chicken meat, egg, and peanuts showed positive results indicated by a purple color change, confirming the presence of protein. This study demonstrates that Lugol and Biuret tests can be used as simple, rapid, and effective methods for the preliminary identification of carbohydrate and protein contents in food materials.
LITERATURE REVIEW ETNOBOTANI: POLA PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN OBAT OLEH MASYARAKAT ADAT
The use of medicinal plants by indigenous people is a form of local wisdom that is still preserved today. Indonesia's high biodiversity contributes to the development of traditional knowledge in the use of plants as natural remedies. This review article aims to analyze patterns of medicinal plant use by indigenous people, identify the most commonly used plant species, and understand how they are processed and utilized in traditional medicine. The method used was a literature review of various national and international scientific articles obtained through Google Scholar and ScienceDirect using the keywords "ethnobotany of medicinal plants," "use of medicinal plants by indigenous peoples," and "medicinal plant ethnobotany."The review results indicate that indigenous peoples utilize various types of medicinal plants found in their yards, gardens, and forests. The most commonly used plant part is the leaf, while the dominant processing methods include boiling, pounding, and direct application. Medicinal plants are generally used to treat ailments such as fever, diarrhea, hypertension, coughs, digestive disorders, and skin diseases.Based on the analysis, it is clear that the use of medicinal plants not only plays a role in maintaining public health but also reflects the relationship of local culture and knowledge to the environment. Therefore, efforts are needed to document, preserve, and develop ethnobotanical research so that traditional knowledge regarding medicinal plants is maintained and can be utilized sustainably.
ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN PANGAN PEKARANGAN DAN POLA PEMANFAATANNYA DI DESA MESJID, ACEH TAMIANG
Pekarangan rumah merupakan salah satu sumber keanekaragaman hayati lokal yang berperan penting dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan masyarakat pedesaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman spesies tanaman pangan pekarangan serta menganalisis pola pemanfaatannya berdasarkan indeks kuantitatif etnobotani. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2026 di Desa Mesjid, Kecamatan Manyak Payed, Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang. Metode yang digunakan adalah wawancara semi terstruktur terhadap 10 responden yang dipilih secara purposive sampling, dengan analisis data menggunakan indeks Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), dan Relative Importance (RI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 30 spesies tanaman pangan yang dibudidayakan di pekarangan masyarakat Desa Mesjid, terbagi dalam empat kategori pemanfaatan yaitu makanan pokok sebanyak 2 spesies yaitu talas dan singkong, sayuran sebanyak 6 spesies, buah-buahan sebanyak 13 spesies, dan bumbu masak sebanyak 9 spesies. Kelompok buah-buahan mendominasi keanekaragaman spesies yang ditemukan. Berdasarkan analisis indeks kuantitatif, pisang memperoleh nilai tertinggi pada ketiga indeks dengan UV 1,60, RFC 0,50, dan RI 1,00, diikuti mangga dengan nilai RI 0,72 dan kunyit dengan nilai RI 0,58. Keanekaragaman tanaman pangan yang masih terpelihara mencerminkan kuatnya pengetahuan lokal masyarakat yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi dalam pengembangan program ketahanan pangan berbasis keanekaragaman hayati lokal di wilayah Aceh Tamiang.
Chrysopogon zizanioides VOLATILE COMPOUNDS AS POTENTIAL INHALED THERAPEUTICS FOR METASTATIC LUSC BIOMARKER
Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains a major subtype of non-small cell lung cancer with limited therapeutic options, particularly in metastatic stages. This study aimed to identify extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated biomarkers involved in LUSC progression and evaluate volatile compounds from Chrysopogon zizanioides as potential inhaled therapeutic candidates through an integrated computational approach. Gene expression and survival analysis were performed using UALCAN and TNMplot databases to identify prognostic ECM-related biomarkers. Volatile compounds of C. zizanioides were screened using drug-likeness and toxicity prediction analysis. Molecular docking was subsequently conducted against representative COL6A3 domains, including the N2 domain, Kunitz-associated domain, and microfibrillar structure. Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties relevant to inhalation-based therapy were also assessed. The results demonstrated that COL6A3 was significantly overexpressed in tumor and metastatic LUSC tissues and associated with poor overall survival trends, suggesting its involvement in tumor microenvironment remodeling and metastatic progression. Among 30 identified volatile compounds, zizanal and khusitone exhibited favorable drug-likeness and low predicted toxicity profiles. Whole-protein and specific-site molecular docking analyses revealed that both compounds showed stronger binding affinities toward the microfibrillar region of COL6A3 than pirfenidone, with khusitone demonstrating the strongest interaction (-7.12 kcal/mol). Interaction analysis identified ARG2811 as a key residue contributing to ligand stabilization. Furthermore, PK prediction suggested favorable pulmonary-oriented characteristics, including efficient membrane permeability, low CYP450 interaction risk, reduced blood-brain barrier penetration, and moderate plasma clearance. Collectively, these findings suggest that zizanal and khusitone may serve as promising lead compounds for inhaled therapeutics targeting COL6A3-associated metastatic LUSC.
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN AKAR DAN FASE MITOSIS BAWANG MERAH DENGAN PERLAKUAN AIR BIASA, MSG, TEH
This study aimed to analyze the effects of plain water, MSG solution, and tea solution on root growth and mitotic phases in the root meristem cells of shallot (Allium cepa L.). this research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design with three treatments and two replications. Shallot bulbs were soaked for 48 hours in each treatments solution, and the grown roots were measured and prepared for microscopic observation using the squash method with acetocarmine staining. The data were analyzed descriptively based on root growth, observed mitotic index values. The results showed that the tea solution treatment produced the highest root growth, with an average root length of 1,5 cm and a mitotic index of 15.42%. The MSG solution treatment produced an average root length of 0,40 cm and a mitotic index of 4,59%, while the plain water treatment produced an average root length of 0,15 cm with a mitotic index of 0%. Microscopic observations showed that the MSG and tea treatments had reached the prophase stage, whereas the plain water treatment remained in interphase. These results indicate that tea solution was more effective in stimulating root growth and meristematic cell division activity in shallot compared to MSG solution and plain water.
STUDI ETNOBOTANI PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN Oxalidaceae OLEH MASYARAKAT LOKAL
This study discusses the utilization of Oxalidaceae plants by local communities in Medan City and its surrounding areas. This study aimed to identify the types of Oxalidaceae plants known by the community and describe their utilization in daily life. The research used a descriptive method with simple qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected through closed questionnaires distributed to 20 respondents and analyzed based on response percentages. The results showed that all respondents recognized and had used Oxalidaceae plants, especially Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola. The most frequently used plant part was the fruit, which was utilized as food, cooking seasoning, and traditional medicine. These plants are believed to help treat coughs, hypertension, mouth ulcers, and fever. Community knowledge was mostly obtained from parents and family, indicating the inheritance of traditional knowledge across generations. This study shows that Oxalidaceae plants have important value as food sources, traditional medicine, and part of local wisdom. Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas pemanfaatan tanaman famili Oxalidaceae oleh masyarakat lokal di Kota Medan dan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tanaman Oxalidaceae yang dikenal masyarakat serta mendeskripsikan bentuk pemanfaatannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif sederhana. Data dikumpulkan melalui angket tertutup kepada 20 responden dan dianalisis berdasarkan persentase jawaban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh responden mengenal dan pernah memanfaatkan tanaman Oxalidaceae, terutama belimbing wuluh dan belimbing manis. Bagian tanaman yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah buah, baik sebagai bahan makanan, penyedap masakan, maupun obat tradisional. Tanaman ini dipercaya bermanfaat untuk membantu mengatasi batuk, hipertensi, sariawan, dan demam. Pengetahuan masyarakat sebagian besar diperoleh dari orang tua dan keluarga, sehingga menunjukkan adanya pewarisan pengetahuan secara turun-temurun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman Oxalidaceae memiliki nilai penting sebagai sumber pangan, obat tradisional, dan bagian dari kearifan lokal masyarakat.
REAKSI PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR PIGMEN ANTOSIANIN DAN KURKUMIN PADA KONDISI ASAM DAN BASA
Pemanfaatan indikator alami dari bahan tumbuhan menjadi alternatif yang lebih aman, murah, dan ramah lingkungan dibandingkan indikator sintetis dalam pengujian asam dan basa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi serta efektivitas ekstrak bahan alam, yaitu buah naga (Hylocereus costaricensis), kunyit (Curcuma longa), dan kol ungu (Brassica oleracea L) sebagai indikator alami asam-basa. Ketiga bahan alam tersebut secara berurutan mengeksploitasi sensitivitas pigmen betasianin, kurkumin, dan antosianin terhadap fluktuasi derajat keasaman (pH) lingkungan uji. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental melalui ekstraksi bahan alam dan pengujian perubahan warna visual pada tiga sampel representatif, yaitu cuka dapur, minuman karbonat (Sprite), dan deterjen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa larutan cuka dapur secara konsisten memberikan respon spektrum warna asam yang valid dan sesuai teori pada seluruh indikator. Namun, pengujian pada sampel Sprite dan deterjen menunjukkan adanya anomali atau pergeseran visual dari trayek warna ideal akibat pengaruh interferensi matriks zat aditif, efek pengenceran, variasi konsentrasi ekstrak, serta tingkat kekuatan disosiasi asam-basa sampel uji. Meskipun perubahan warna akhir tidak selalu bersifat linear layaknya indikator sintetis akibat batasan limitasi deteksi senyawa fungsional, ketiga ekstrak bahan alam ini terbukti mengalami transformasi struktural (protonasi dan deprotonasi) yang aktif. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak buah naga, kunyit, dan kol ungu memiliki potensi besar sebagai instrumen alternatif indikator asam-basa alami yang aplikatif untuk pembelajaran kimia dasar. Abstract This study aims to explore the potential and effectiveness of natural extracts, namely dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis), turmeric (Curcuma longa), and red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L), as natural acid-base indicators. These three natural resources sequentially exploit the sensitivity of betacyanin, curcumin, and anthocyanin pigments toward fluctuations in environmental acidity (pH). The research was conducted experimentally through maceration extraction of the natural materials followed by visual color change testing on three representative samples: household vinegar, a carbonated beverage (Sprite), and detergent. The results demonstrated that the vinegar solution consistently produced a valid and theoretically compliant acidic color spectrum response across all indicators. However, the testing on Sprite and detergent samples exhibited anomalies or visual shifts from the ideal color charts, which were attributed to the interference of additive matrices, dilution effects, variations in extract concentration, and the dissociation strength of the tested samples. Although the final color transitions were not always linear compared to synthetic indicators due to the detection limitations of the functional compounds, all three natural extracts were proven to undergo active structural transformations (protonation and deprotonation). Consequently, it can be concluded that dragon fruit, turmeric, and red cabbage extracts possess substantial potential as applicable alternative instruments for natural acid-base indicators in basic chemistry education.
KAJIAN VARIASI MORFOLOGI DAN PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN MYRTACEAE DI LINGKUNGAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN
Myrtaceae is one of the largest plant families in the world with more than 5,500 species spread across tropical and subtropical regions, including Indonesia. This study aims to identify Myrtaceae species, describe their morphological variations, and determine the utilization of Myrtaceae plants found on the campus of Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED). This research used a qualitative descriptive method through exploratory field surveys. Observations were carried out in several campus areas including building yards, parking lots, campus gates, and field edges. Plant identification was carried out using the PlantNet application and relevant botanical literature. The results showed that four species of the Myrtaceae family were found: Psidium guajava (guava, 6 locations), Syzygium samarangense (wax apple, 8 locations), Syzygium malaccense (Malay apple, 2 locations), and Syzygium myrtifolium (red tip photinia, 1 location). Each species exhibits distinct morphological characters in terms of habit, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit. All species have multidimensional utilization values covering food, traditional medicine, ornamental plants, and ecological shading functions. The conclusion of the study indicates that the vegetation on the UNIMED campus has significant potential as a living collection of Myrtaceae with ecological and ethnobotanical value. ABSTRAK Myrtaceae merupakan salah satu famili tumbuhan terbesar di dunia dengan lebih dari 5.500 spesies yang tersebar di kawasan tropis dan subtropis, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies Myrtaceae, mendeskripsikan variasi morfologinya, serta mengetahui pemanfaatan tumbuhan Myrtaceae yang terdapat di lingkungan kampus Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui survei lapangan eksploratif. Pengamatan dilakukan di beberapa area kampus meliputi halaman gedung, area parkiran, sekitar gerbang kampus, dan tepi lapangan. Identifikasi tumbuhan dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi PlantNet, jurnal penelitian, dan literatur botani yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ditemukannya empat spesies famili Myrtaceae, yaitu Psidium guajava (jambu batu, 6 lokasi), Syzygium samarangense (jambu air semarang, 8 lokasi), Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, 2 lokasi), dan Syzygium myrtifolium (pucuk merah, 1 lokasi). Setiap spesies memperlihatkan karakter morfologi yang berbeda pada aspek habitus, batang, daun, bunga, dan buah. Seluruh spesies memiliki nilai pemanfaatan multidimensi yang mencakup pangan, obat tradisional, tanaman hias, dan fungsi ekologis sebagai peneduh. Kesimpulan penelitian vegetasi kampus UNIMED memiliki potensi signifikan sebagai koleksi hidup Myrtaceae yang bernilai ekologis dan etnobotanis.
IDENTIFIKASI KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN LIAR SEBAGAI TANAMAN OBAT DI LINGKUNGAN JASA MAKMUR, KECAMATAN SEI LEPAN, KABUPATEN LANGKAT
Wild plants are part of biodiversity that has the potential to be a source of traditional medicine, but their use is still not optimal and has not been widely documented scientifically. This study aims to identify the diversity of wild plants that are used as medicinal plants by the community in the Jasa Makmur Environment, Sei Lepan District, Langkat Regency. The research uses a descriptive method with an ethnobotanical approach through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The determination of respondents was carried out using purposive sampling techniques. The results of the study show that there are 20 species of wild plants that belong to 16 families and are used as traditional medicinal plants. The most widely used part of the plant is the leaves, followed by roots, rhizomes, fruits, seeds, and flowers. The plant is used to treat various health problems, such as wounds, cough, diarrhea, fever, hypertension, as well as hair and burn treatments. The processing method carried out by the community is relatively simple, namely by boiling, mashing, applying, and consuming directly. The use of wild plants shows that the community still maintains local knowledge that has been passed down from generation to generation. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that wild plants in the Jasa Makmur Environment have a fairly high diversity and have the potential to be a source of traditional medicine, so they need to be preserved and utilized sustainably. Abstrak Tumbuhan liar merupakan bagian dari keanekaragaman hayati yang memiliki potensi sebagai sumber obat tradisional, namun pemanfaatannya masih belum optimal dan belum banyak terdokumentasi secara ilmiah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keanekaragaman tumbuhan liar yang dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat oleh masyarakat di Lingkungan Jasa Makmur, Kecamatan Sei Lepan, Kabupaten Langkat. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan etnobotani melalui observasi, wawancara semi-terstruktur, dan dokumentasi. Penentuan responden dilakukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 20 spesies tumbuhan liar yang tergolong dalam 16 famili dan dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat tradisional. Bagian tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah daun, diikuti oleh akar, rimpang, buah, biji, dan bunga. Tumbuhan tersebut dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi berbagai gangguan kesehatan, seperti luka, batuk, diare, demam, hipertensi, serta perawatan rambut dan luka bakar. Cara pengolahan yang dilakukan masyarakat relatif sederhana, yaitu dengan merebus, menumbuk, mengoleskan, dan mengonsumsi secara langsung. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan liar tersebut menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat masih mempertahankan pengetahuan lokal yang diwariskan secara turun-temurun. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tumbuhan liar di Lingkungan Jasa Makmur memiliki keanekaragaman yang cukup tinggi dan berpotensi sebagai sumber obat tradisional, sehingga perlu dilestarikan dan dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan.
EVALUASI ANGKA KAPANG KHAMIR JAMU BERAS KENCUR SEDIAN CAIR DI SEKITAR STASIUN KALIBATA JAKARTA
Jamu beras kencur merupakan minuman tradisional yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia dan dibuat dari campuran beras, kencur, jahe, serta air. Kualitas mikrobiologis jamu dapat dipengaruhi oleh kualitas bahan baku, kebersihan pekerja, proses pengolahan, dan kondisi lingkungan produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi mutu mikrobiologis jamu beras kencur yang dijual di sekitar Stasiun Kalibata, Jakarta berdasarkan parameter Angka Kapang dan Khamir (AKK) serta menilai kesesuaiannya dengan standar Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) Nomor 32 Tahun 2019. Sebanyak lima sampel jamu beras kencur diperoleh dari pedagang di sekitar Stasiun Kalibata, Jakarta. Pengujian AKK dilakukan mengacu pada SNI 21527-1:2012. Sampel diencerkan secara berseri hingga pengenceran 10⁻⁷ menggunakan Buffered Peptone Water. Sebanyak 1 mL dari setiap pengenceran diinokulasikan ke dalam media Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar (DRBC), kemudian diinkubasi selama 5 hari. Koloni kapang dan khamir yang tumbuh dihitung untuk menentukan nilai AKK masing-masing sampel. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan nilai AKK pada sampel A, B, C, D, dan E berturut-turut sebesar 5,14 × 10⁵; 6,9 × 10⁴; 1,28 × 10⁴; 1,23 × 10⁶; dan 3,27 × 10³ koloni/mL. Seluruh sampel memiliki nilai AKK yang melebihi batas maksimum yang ditetapkan BPOM, yaitu 10³ koloni/mL. Dengan demikian, seluruh sampel dinyatakan tidak memenuhi persyaratan mutu mikrobiologis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan higiene dan sanitasi dalam produksi dan penjualan jamu beras kencur untuk menjamin keamanan produk bagi konsumen. Abstract Jamu beras kencur is a traditional Indonesian beverage widely consumed by the community and prepared from a mixture of rice, aromatic ginger (Kaempferia galanga), ginger, and water. The microbiological quality of herbal drinks can be affected by the quality of raw materials, worker hygiene, processing practices, and environmental conditions during production. This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of beras kencur herbal drinks based on the Yeast and Mold Count (YMC) parameter and to assess their compliance with the standards established by the Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM) Regulation No. 32 of 2019. Five beras kencur samples were collected from vendors operating around Kalibata Station, Jakarta. YMC analysis was conducted in accordance with SNI 21527-1:2012 using Buffered Peptone Water as the diluent and Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar (DRBC) as the culture medium. Serial dilutions were prepared up to 10⁻⁷ using BPW. One milliliter of each dilution was inoculated onto DRBC medium and incubated for 5 days. The resulting yeast and mold colonies were counted to determine the YMC value of each sample. The YMC values of samples A, B, C, D, and E were 5.14 × 10⁵, 6.9 × 10⁴, 1.28 × 10⁴, 1.23 × 10⁶, and 3.27 × 10³ Colony/mL, respectively. All samples exceeded the maximum limit established by BPOM (10³ Colony/mL) and were therefore classified as non-compliant with microbiological quality requirements. These findings indicate the need for improved hygiene and sanitation practices during the production and distribution of jamu beras kencur to ensure consumer safety.
EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK KAPANG ENDOFIT UMBI DAHLIA (Dahlia Variabilis) TERHADAP BAKTERI PATOGEN YANG DIISOLASI DARI PUS LUKA DAN FESES MENCIT PUTIH (Rattus Norvegicus)
Meningkatnya angka resistensi terhadap antibiotik konvensional mendorong perlunya pencarian alternatif agen antibakteri yang bersumber dari alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas ekstrak etil sitrat dari kapang endofit yang diisolasi dari umbi Dahlia variabilis terhadap bakteri patogen yang berasal dari pus dan feses mencit putih (Rattus norvegicus). Penelitian dilakukan secara in vivo dengan menggunakan 25 ekor mencit yang dibagi ke dalam lima kelompok perlakuan: kontrol negatif, kontrol positif (gentamicin), serta tiga kelompok dengan pemberian ekstrak etil sitrat konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%. Jumlah koloni bakteri diamati pada hari ke-0, ke-7,dan ke-14 menggunakan metode Total Plate Count (TPC). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya penurunan jumlah koloni bakteri pada seluruh kelompok perlakuan.Efektivitas tertinggi terhadap bakteri yang berasal dari pus ditemukan pada pemberian ekstrak kosentrasi konsentrasi 5% sedangakan terhadap bakteri yang berasal dari feses efektivitas tertinggi diproleh pada kosentrasi 15%.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahawa ekstrak etil sitrat kapang endofit umbi Dahlia variabilis memiliki aktivitas antibakteri yang mampu menurunkan jumlah koloni bakteri patogen secara in vivo dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber agen antibakteri alami. Abstract The increasing rate of resistance to conventional antibiotics has encouraged the search for alternative antibacterial agents derived from natural sources. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ethyl citrate extract obtained from endophytic fungi isolated from Dahlia variabilis tubers against pathogenic bacteria originating from the pus and feces of white mice (Rattus norvegicus). The study was conducted in vivo using 25 mice divided into five treatment groups: a negative control group, a positive control group (gentamicin), and three groups treated with ethyl citrate extract at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%. The number of bacterial colonies was observed on days 0, 7, and 14 using the Total Plate Count (TPC) method. The results showed a reduction in bacterial colony counts in all treatment groups. The highest inhibitory effect against bacteria isolated from pus was observed at the 5% extract concentration, whereas the highest effectiveness against bacteria isolated from feces was achieved at the 15% concentration. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the ethyl citrate extract of endophytic fungi from Dahlia variabilis tubers possesses antibacterial activity capable of reducing the number of pathogenic bacterial colonies in vivo and has potential for further development as a natural source of antibacterial agents.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK RIMPANG TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) TERHADAP MORFOLOGI DAN HISTOLOGI HEPAR TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus L.) YANG DIINDUKSI MINUMAN BERALKOHOL
Penyalahgunaan minuman beralkohol merupakan salah satu faktor utama penyebab gangguan fungsi hati, yang ditandai dengan kerusakan morfologi dan histologi hepatosit. Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) merupakan tanaman obat yang diketahui mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti kurkumin, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, dan triterpenoid yang berpotensi sebagai hepatoprotektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak rimpang temulawak terhadap morfologi hati dan gambaran histologi hati tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diinduksi minuman beralkohol. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang dibagi menjadi lima kelompok dengan empat pengulangan, yaitu kontrol normal, kontrol alkohol, dan tiga kelompok perlakuan yang diberi ekstrak temulawak dengan 100 mg/kg BB, 200 mg/kg BB, dan 300 mg/kg BB. Induksi alkohol dilakukan secara oral selama 30 hari, sedangkan pemberian ekstrak temulawak diberikan mulai hari ke-8 hingga hari ke-30. Parameter yang diamati meliputi morfologi hati secara makroskopis dan gambaran histologi hati (degenerasi hidropik dan nekrosis). Analisis data menggunakan one away ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak rimpang temulawak mampu memperbaiki kerusakan hati tikus yang diinduksi alkohol, yang ditandai dengan perbaikan morfologi organ hati serta penurunan tingkat degenerasi hidropik dan nekrosis sel hepatosit. Dosis 300 mg/kg BB memberikan efek hepatoprotektif lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan dosis lainnya. Abstract Excessive alcohol consumption is a major contributor to liver failure, characterized by morphological and histological damage to hepatocytes. Java turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is a medicinal plant recognized for containing bioactive compounds like curcumin, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and triterpenoids with potential hepatoprotective properties. This study Is conducted to determine the effect of Java turmeric rhizome extract on the hepatic morphology and histology of white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced with alcohol. This study employed a completely randomized design (CRD), which was divided into five groups with four replicates: a normal control, an alcohol control, and three treatment groups receiving temulawak extract at doses of 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg body weight, respectively. Alkohol diberikan secara oral selama 30 hari, sedangkan ekstrak temulawak/kunyit Jawa diberikan dari hari ke-8 hingga hari ke-30. Parameter yang diamati meliputi morfologi hati makroskopis dan histologi hati (degenerasi hidropik dan nekrosis). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and further tested with Duncan's post hoc tes. The findings indicated that temulawak/java turmeric’s rhizome extract administration ameliorated liver damage in alcohol-induced rats, characterized by improved hepatic morphology and reduced rates of hydropic degeneration and hepatocyte necrosis. A dose of 300 mg/kg body weight exhibited a more potent hepatoprotective effect than the alternative dose. Therefore, Java Turmeric extract shows potential as a natural hepatoprotective agent for treating liver injury induced by alcohol use disorders.
KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN TINGKAT TINGGI DI DESA BENDE KABUPATEN KOLAKA
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tumbuhan tingkat tinggi di Desa Bende, Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April–Mei 2026 menggunakan metode transek kuadrat pada tiga stasiun pengamatan yang mewakili kondisi vegetasi yang berbeda. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi jenis tumbuhan, jumlah individu setiap spesies, serta parameter lingkungan berupa suhu, kelembapan udara, dan pH tanah. Data dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’), kelimpahan relatif (KR), indeks kemerataan (e), dan indeks dominansi (C). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan 19 spesies tumbuhan tingkat tinggi yang termasuk dalam 19 genus. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) pada Stasiun I, II, dan III berturut-turut sebesar 1,50; 1,80; dan 1,58 yang tergolong kategori sedang. Nilai indeks kemerataan (e) berkisar antara 0,84–0,93 yang menunjukkan komunitas tumbuhan sangat merata. Nilai dominansi (C) berkisar antara 0,18–0,27 yang termasuk kategori dominansi rendah, sehingga tidak terdapat spesies yang mendominasi secara berlebihan. Parameter lingkungan yang terukur yaitu suhu 30,6–31,4°C, kelembapan udara 73,4–74,9%, dan pH tanah 6–6,2 yang masih mendukung pertumbuhan berbagai jenis tumbuhan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa keanekaragaman tumbuhan tingkat tinggi di Desa Bende berada pada kategori sedang dengan kondisi komunitas yang relatif stabil dan merata. Abstract This study aims to determine the diversity of higher plants in Bende Village, Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi. This study was conducted in April–May 2026 using a quadrat transect method at three observation stations representing different vegetation conditions. Data collected included plant species, the number of individuals of each species, and environmental parameters such as temperature, air humidity, and soil pH. Data were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’), for example, the relative index (KR), the evenness index (e), and the dominance index (C). The results showed that 19 species of higher plants were found belonging to 19 genera. The diversity index (H’) values ​​at Stations I, II, and III were 1.50; 1.80; and 1.58, respectively, which are included in the moderate category. The evenness index (e) ranged from 0.84–0.93, indicating a very uniform plant community. The dominance value (C) ranged from 0.18–0.27, which is included in the low dominance category, so that no species dominated excessively. The environmental parameters measured were temperature 30.6–31.4°C, air humidity 73.4–74.9%, and soil pH 6–6.2, which still support the growth of various plant species. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the diversity of higher plants in Bende Village is in the moderate category with relatively stable and even community conditions.
INVENTARISASI POTENSI GULMA SEBAGAI BAHAN ECOPRINT TEKNIK POUNDING DI AREA PERSAWAHAN BANGOREJO, BANYUWANGI
Gulma umumnya dianggap sebagai tumbuhan pengganggu pada lahan pertanian, padahal beberapa jenis gulma memiliki kandungan pigmen alami yang berpotensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan ecoprint. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis gulma di area persawahan Bangorejo, Banyuwangi, serta mengkaji potensinya sebagai bahan ecoprint menggunakan teknik pounding. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif eksploratif. Sampel berupa gulma yang ditemukan di area persawahan Bangorejo dan dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data diperoleh melalui identifikasi spesies gulma, penerapan teknik ecoprint pounding pada kain blacu, serta penilaian kualitas hasil cetakan sebelum dan sesudah proses fiksasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 44 spesies gulma yang berhasil teridentifikasi dan seluruhnya mampu menghasilkan motif pada kain. Sebanyak 19 spesies tergolong memiliki potensi sangat tinggi sebagai bahan ecoprint, karena menghasilkan motif yang jelas dan warna yang tetap stabil setelah fiksasi. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa gulma persawahan memiliki potensi sebagai sumber bahan ecoprint yang ramah lingkungan dan berpeluang dikembangkan sebagai bahan baku tekstil berkelanjutan. Abstract Weeds are generally considered as nuisance plants on agricultural land, even though some types of weeds contain natural pigments that have the potential to be used as ecoprint materials. This study aims to inventory the types of weeds in the rice fields of Bangorejo, Banyuwangi, and examine their potential as an ecoprint material using the pounding technique. The research uses a qualitative approach with an exploratory descriptive method. The sample was in the form of weeds found in the Bangorejo rice field area and was selected by purposive sampling. Data were obtained through the identification of weed species, the application of the ecoprint pounding technique on blacu fabric, and the assessment of the quality of the prints before and after the fixation process. The results of the study showed that there were 44 species of weeds that were successfully inventoried and all of them were able to produce motifs on fabrics. A total of 19 species are classified as very high potential as ecoprint materials, as they produce clear motifs and colors that remain stable after fixation. These findings show that rice field weeds have the potential as a source of ecoprint materials that are environmentally friendly and have the opportunity to be developed as a raw material for sustainable textiles.
PENGARUH VARIETAS BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L.) DAN WAKTU PEMERAMAN TERHADAP KUALITAS BLACK GARLIC
Black garlic merupakan produk pemeraman bawang putih (Allium sativum L.). Black garlic adalah produk pangan fungsional yang diminati seiring meningkatnya tren gaya hidup sehat. Mutu organoleptiknya sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal berupa varietas bahan baku bawang putih serta faktor eksternal seperti lama proses pemeraman (aging). Selain itu, penerimaan konsumen pemula (first-time consumers) terhadap karakteristik sensoris unik black garlic menjadi tantangan bagi produsen dalam penetrasi pasar domestik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh varietas bawang putih dan lama pemeraman terhadap mutu organoleptik black garlic meliputi warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) Dua Jalur Tanpa Replikasi (Two-Factor Without Replication) dengan pendekatan diskriptif kuantitatif. Bahan yang digunakan terdiri atas lima varietas bawang putih, yaitu Sinco, Kating, Tunggal, Lawu dan Bumiaji. Proses pemeraman dilakukan menggunakan inkubator dengan suhu 70°C, kelembapan 80% serta waktu pemanenan hari ke-8, 12, 16, dan 20. Uji organoleptik meliputi parameter warna, aroma, tekstur, dan rasa dinilai oleh responden konsumen pemula. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lama pemeraman memberikan pengaruh yang sangat signifikan terhadap parameter warna (P = 0,0011) dan aroma (P < 0,001), di mana kematangan warna hitam pekat tercapai pada hari ke-20 dan titik optimum aroma yang disukai responden tercapai pada hari ke-16. Sebaliknya, varietas bawang putih secara signifikan memengaruhi parameter tekstur (P = 0,0320) dan rasa (P = 0,0046), dengan varietas lokal Lawu dan Bumiaji serta varietas impor Sinco menghasilkan skor penerimaan tertinggi pada tekstur yang lembut serta rasa manis-asam seimbang. Abstract Black garlic is a processed product derived from the thermal aging of garlic (Allium sativum L.). As a functional food product, black garlic has gained significant popularity aligned with the rising trend of healthy lifestyles. Its organoleptic quality is heavily influenced by internal factors, specifically the raw garlic varieties, and external factors, such as the aging duration. Furthermore, the acceptance of first-time consumers toward the unique sensory characteristics of black garlic poses a distinct challenge for producers attempting domestic market penetration. This study aims to analyze the effects of garlic varieties and aging duration on the organoleptic quality of black garlic, including color, aroma, texture, and taste. This experimental study utilized a quantitative descriptive approach with a Two-Factor ANOVA Without Replication design. The raw materials consisted of five garlic varieties: Sinco, Kating, Single (Solo garlic), Lawu, and Bumiaji. The aging process was conducted using an incubator at a temperature of 70°C and 80% relative humidity, with harvesting intervals at days 8, 12, 16, and 20. The organoleptic attributes color, aroma, texture, and taste were evaluated by first-time consumers as respondents. The analysis revealed that the aging duration had a highly significant effect on color (P = 0.0011) and aroma (P < 0.001), where the ideal deep black color was achieved at day 20 and the optimum aroma preferred by respondents was reached at day 16. Conversely, garlic varieties significantly influenced texture (P = 0.0320) and taste (P = 0.0046), with local varieties (Lawu and Bumiaji) and the imported variety (Sinco) yielding the highest acceptance scores for soft texture and a balanced sweet-sour taste.
BIOPROSPECTING OF INDIGENOUS PLANT Syzygium Cumini L. Skells AGAINST VACTERIA PATHOGENS
Antimicrobial testing is a test to measure the ability of a substance to inhibit bacterial growth. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory power of jamblang fruit extract against pathogenic bacteria. The research method used 96% ethanol extract of jamblang fruit and an inhibition zone test was carried out on 4 pathogenic bacteria, then a phytochemical test was carried out on the jamblang fruit extract. The results showed that jamblang fruit extract could inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria MRSA (28 mm) and S. typhi (30 mm), while L. monocytogenes and V. cholerae did not show an inhibition zone. Several bioactive compounds were successfully identified from jamblang fruit extract, namely phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins. So jamblang fruit has the potential as an antibacterial.
ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN OBAT OLEH MASYARAKAT DUSUN 2 DESA SEI SIUR PANGKALAN SUSU
This study aims to investigate the use of traditional medicinal plants by the community of Dusun 2, Sei Siur Village, Pangkalan Susu Subdistrict, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. The study employed a descriptive-exploratory method using a survey approach. Data were collected through observation, structured and semi-structured interviews, and documentation from 20 respondents aged 21–55 years. Data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative descriptive methods, employing ethnobotanical indices such as Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), Use Value (UV), and Cultural Importance Index (CI). The results indicate that the community utilizes 10 types of medicinal plants belonging to 7 plant families, with the Zingiberaceae family being the most dominant. The most commonly used plant parts are leaves and rhizomes. The most common method of preparation is boiling, while the most common method of use is ingestion. The bidara plant (Ziziphus mauritiana) has the highest UV value of 0.85, while the kitolod plant (Isotoma longiflora) has the highest CI value of 0.6. The research results indicate that the community of Dusun 2, Sei Siur Village, still preserves traditional knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants as part of local wisdom passed down from generation to generation.
KAJIAN ETNOBOTANI TANAMAN PANGAN DI DESA TANJUNGSARI, SIDOARJO DALAM KONTRIBUSI TERHADAP PROGRAM PANGAN NASIONAL
Ketahanan pangan merupakan salah satu isu penting dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan yang memerlukan optimalisasi sumber daya hayati lokal melalui pelestarian keanekaragaman hayati dan pengetahuan tradisional masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendokumentasikan keanekaragaman tanaman pangan, menganalisis pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pemanfaatan tanaman pangan, serta mengidentifikasi organ tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan di Desa Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sidoarjo. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan etnobotani. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara terstruktur dan semi-terstruktur terhadap 45 responden, serta dokumentasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif menggunakan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat memanfaatkan 20 jenis tanaman pangan yang dikelompokkan menjadi 5 jenis bahan pangan utama, 10 jenis rempah-rempah, dan 5 jenis kacang-kacangan. Tanaman dengan tingkat pengetahuan tertinggi adalah padi (Oryza sativa L.) (100%), diikuti cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) (97,78%), jagung (Zea mays L.) (93,33%), dan singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) (88,89%). Organ tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah biji (40%), diikuti rimpang (25%), umbi (15%), buah (10%), serta daun dan batang masing-masing 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan etnobotani masyarakat Desa Tanjungsari masih terpelihara dengan baik dan berpotensi mendukung diversifikasi pangan, konservasi tanaman pangan lokal, serta penguatan ketahanan pangan berbasis kearifan lokal. Abstract Food security is one of the major challenges in sustainable development, requiring the optimization of local biological resources through the conservation of biodiversity and traditional knowledge. This study aimed to document the diversity of food crops, analyze local community knowledge regarding their utilization, and identify the plant organs used by the community in Tanjungsari Village, Sidoarjo Regency, Indonesia. A descriptive-exploratory method with an ethnobotanical approach was employed. Data were collected through field observations, structured and semi-structured interviews with 45 respondents, and documentation. The data were analyzed descriptively using percentage analysis. The results identified 20 food crop species, categorized into five staple food crops, ten spice species, and five legume species. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) was the most widely recognized food crop (100%), followed by chili (Capsicum annuum L.) (97.78%), maize (Zea mays L.) (93.33%), and cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) (88.89%). The most frequently utilized plant organ was the seed (40%), followed by rhizomes (25%), tubers (15%), fruits (10%), and leaves and stems (5% each). The findings indicate that ethnobotanical knowledge related to food crops remains well preserved among the local community and has significant potential to support food diversification, the conservation of local food crop resources, and the strengthening of food security based on local wisdom.
ANALISIS PRODUKSI IKAN TEMBANG (Sardinella fimbriata) YANG DIDARATKAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA SIBOLGA
Ikan tembang (Sardinella fimbriata) merupakan salah satu komoditas ikan pelagis kecil yang memiliki nilai ekonomis penting dan berkontribusi terhadap produksi perikanan tangkap di Indonesia. Produksi ikan tembang dapat mengalami fluktuasi akibat perubahan musim penangkapan, kondisi lingkungan perairan, cuaca, dan aktivitas penangkapan nelayan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis produksi dan fluktuasi bulanan ikan tembang yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Sibolga selama tahun 2025. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan analisis deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder produksi ikan tembang yang diperoleh dari laporan statistik produksi PPN Sibolga. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menghitung total produksi tahunan, rata-rata produksi bulanan, dan kontribusi produksi ikan tembang terhadap total produksi seluruh jenis ikan yang didaratkan di pelabuhan. Fluktuasi produksi bulanan dianalisis berdasarkan data yang disajikan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa total produksi ikan tembang selama Januari-Desember 2025 mencapai 1.339,669ton dengan rata-rata produksi sebesar 111,639 ton per bulan. Produksi tertinggi terjadi pada bulan Juni sebesar 133,770 ton, sedangkan produksi terendah terjadi pada bulan November sebesar 81,896 ton. Produksi ikan tembang memberikan kontribusi sebesar 4,94% terhadap total produksi seluruh jenis ikan yang didaratkan di PPN Sibolga selama tahun 2025. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi ikan tembang berfluktuasi sepanjang tahun dengan pola produksi yang berbeda antarbulan. Kesimpulannya, ikan tembang tetap menjadi komoditas penting di PPN Sibolga, sehingga diperlukan pemantauan produksi secara berkala, evaluasi pemanfaatan sumber daya, dan penerapan strategi pengelolaan perikanan yang berkelanjutan untuk menjaga ketersediaan stok serta mendukung keberlangsungan aktivitas perikanan tangkap di wilayah tersebut. Abstract Fringescale sardine (Sardinella fimbriata) is an economically important small pelagic fish species that contributes to capture fisheries production in Indonesia. Its production may fluctuate due to changes in fishing seasons, environmental conditions, weather, and fishing activities. This study aimed to analyze the production and monthly fluctuations of fringescale sardine landed at Nusantara Fishing Port (PPN) Sibolga during 2025. The study employed a quantitative method with descriptive analysis using secondary data on fringescale sardine production obtained from the production statistics report of PPN Sibolga. Data analysis was conducted by calculating the total annual production, monthly average production, and the contribution of fringescale sardine production to the total production of all fish species landed at the port. Monthly production fluctuations were analyzed using data presented in tables and graphs. The results showed that total fringescale sardine production from January to December 2025 reached 1,339.669 tons, with an average monthly production of 111.639 tons. The highest production was recorded in June at 133.770 tons, while the lowest production occurred in November at 81.896 tons. Fringescale sardine production contributed 4.94% to the total production of all fish species landed at PPN Sibolga in 2025. The results indicated that fringescale sardine production fluctuated throughout the year, with varying production levels among months. In conclusion, fringescale sardine remains an important commodity at PPN Sibolga. Therefore, regular production monitoring, evaluation of resource utilization, and the implementation of sustainable fisheries management strategies are needed to maintain stock availability and support the continuity of capture fisheries activities in the region.