KAJIAN VARIASI MORFOLOGI DAN PEMANFAATAN TUMBUHAN MYRTACEAE DI LINGKUNGAN KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN

Talitha Arisanti; Sadum Banjarnahor; Winda Resta Laoli; Intan Cahya Lestari; Silvani Elisabet Nainggolan; Happy Setya Prima

doi:10.36526/biosense.v9i3.8389

Authors

Talitha Arisanti Universitas Negeri Medan
Sadum Banjarnahor Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan
Winda Resta Laoli Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan
Intan Cahya Lestari Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan\
Silvani Elisabet Nainggolan Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan
Happy Setya Prima Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Negeri Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36526/biosense.v9i3.8389

Keywords:

Myrtaceae

Abstract

Myrtaceae is one of the largest plant families in the world with more than 5,500 species spread across tropical and subtropical regions, including Indonesia. This study aims to identify Myrtaceae species, describe their morphological variations, and determine the utilization of Myrtaceae plants found on the campus of Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED). This research used a qualitative descriptive method through exploratory field surveys. Observations were carried out in several campus areas including building yards, parking lots, campus gates, and field edges. Plant identification was carried out using the PlantNet application and relevant botanical literature. The results showed that four species of the Myrtaceae family were found: Psidium guajava (guava, 6 locations), Syzygium samarangense (wax apple, 8 locations), Syzygium malaccense (Malay apple, 2 locations), and Syzygium myrtifolium (red tip photinia, 1 location). Each species exhibits distinct morphological characters in terms of habit, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit. All species have multidimensional utilization values covering food, traditional medicine, ornamental plants, and ecological shading functions. The conclusion of the study indicates that the vegetation on the UNIMED campus has significant potential as a living collection of Myrtaceae with ecological and ethnobotanical value.

ABSTRAK

Myrtaceae merupakan salah satu famili tumbuhan terbesar di dunia dengan lebih dari 5.500 spesies yang tersebar di kawasan tropis dan subtropis, termasuk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies Myrtaceae, mendeskripsikan variasi morfologinya, serta mengetahui pemanfaatan tumbuhan Myrtaceae yang terdapat di lingkungan kampus Universitas Negeri Medan (UNIMED). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif melalui survei lapangan eksploratif. Pengamatan dilakukan di beberapa area kampus meliputi halaman gedung, area parkiran, sekitar gerbang kampus, dan tepi lapangan. Identifikasi tumbuhan dilakukan menggunakan aplikasi PlantNet, jurnal penelitian, dan literatur botani yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ditemukannya empat spesies famili Myrtaceae, yaitu Psidium guajava (jambu batu, 6 lokasi), Syzygium samarangense (jambu air semarang, 8 lokasi), Syzygium malaccense (jambu bol, 2 lokasi), dan Syzygium myrtifolium (pucuk merah, 1 lokasi). Setiap spesies memperlihatkan karakter morfologi yang berbeda pada aspek habitus, batang, daun, bunga, dan buah. Seluruh spesies memiliki nilai pemanfaatan multidimensi yang mencakup pangan, obat tradisional, tanaman hias, dan fungsi ekologis sebagai peneduh. Kesimpulan penelitian vegetasi kampus UNIMED memiliki potensi signifikan sebagai koleksi hidup Myrtaceae yang bernilai ekologis dan etnobotanis.

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